ἄνεμος

See also: άνεμος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *ánemos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁mos, a nominal derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“breathe”).^[1] Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀚𐀗 (a-ne-mo /⁠ánemoi⁠/, “winds”, pl.), disputedly Old Armenian հողմ (hołm, “wind”), Latin animus, Old Frisian omma, and possibly Sanskrit अनिल (ánila); Compare also Tocharian B āñme (“self; soul”) and Old Armenian անձն (anjn, “person”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.ne.mos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ne.mos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ne.mos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ne.mos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ne.mos/

Noun

ᾰ̓́νεμος • (ắnemos) m (genitive ᾰ̓νέμου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine)

wind, breeze, gale
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.481
any of the four cardinal directions
- 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, 1 Chronicles 9.24
(Byzantine) flatus, intestinal gas

Declension

Second declension of ὁ ᾰ̓́νεμος; τοῦ ᾰ̓νέμου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓́νεμος ho ắnemos	τὼ ᾰ̓νέμω tṑ ănémō	οἱ ᾰ̓́νεμοι hoi ắnemoi
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓νέμου toû ănémou	τοῖν ᾰ̓νέμοιν toîn ănémoin	τῶν ᾰ̓νέμων tôn ănémōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓νέμῳ tōî ănémōi	τοῖν ᾰ̓νέμοιν toîn ănémoin	τοῖς ᾰ̓νέμοις toîs ănémois
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓́νεμον tòn ắnemon	τὼ ᾰ̓νέμω tṑ ănémō	τοὺς ᾰ̓νέμους toùs ănémous
Vocative	ᾰ̓́νεμε ắneme	ᾰ̓νέμω ănémō	ᾰ̓́νεμοι ắnemoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὁ ᾰ̓́νεμος; τοῦ ᾰ̓νέμου (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓́νεμος ho ắnemos	τὼ ᾰ̓νέμω tṑ ănémō	οἱ ᾰ̓́νεμοι hoi ắnemoi
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓νέμου toû ănémou	τοῖν ᾰ̓νέμοιν toîn ănémoin	τῶν ᾰ̓νέμων tôn ănémōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓νέμῳ tōî ănémōi	τοῖν ᾰ̓νέμοιν toîn ănémoin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν ᾰ̓νέμοισῐ / ᾰ̓νέμοισῐν toîsĭ(n) ănémoisĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓́νεμον tòn ắnemon	τὼ ᾰ̓νέμω tṑ ănémō	τοὺς ᾰ̓νέμους toùs ănémous
Vocative	ᾰ̓́νεμε ắneme	ᾰ̓νέμω ănémō	ᾰ̓́νεμοι ắnemoi
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Second declension of ᾰ̓́νεμος; ᾰ̓νέμοιο / ᾰ̓νέμοο / ᾰ̓νέμου (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ᾰ̓́νεμος ắnemos	ᾰ̓νέμω ănémō	ᾰ̓́νεμοι ắnemoi
Genitive	ᾰ̓νέμοιο / ᾰ̓νέμοο / ᾰ̓νέμου ănémoio / ănémoo / ănémou	ᾰ̓νέμοιῐ̈ν ănémoiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓νέμων ănémōn
Dative	ᾰ̓νέμῳ ănémōi	ᾰ̓νέμοιῐ̈ν ănémoiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓νέμοισῐ / ᾰ̓νέμοισῐν / ᾰ̓νέμοις ănémoisĭ(n) / ănémois
Accusative	ᾰ̓́νεμον ắnemon	ᾰ̓νέμω ănémō	ᾰ̓νέμους ănémous
Vocative	ᾰ̓́νεμε ắneme	ᾰ̓νέμω ănémō	ᾰ̓́νεμοι ắnemoi
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

ἀνέμη (anémē)
άνεμώδης (ánemṓdēs)
ἀνεμώλιος (anemṓlios)
ἀνεμώνη (anemṓnē)
ἠνεμόεις (ēnemóeis)
ποδήνεμος (podḗnemos)
προσήνεμος (prosḗnemos)
ὑπήνεμος (hupḗnemos)

Descendants

Greek: άνεμος (ánemos)
→ English: anemo-

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἄνεμος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 101-2

“ἄνεμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἄνεμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἄνεμος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἄνεμος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
ἄνεμος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἄνεμος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
“ἄνεμος”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G417 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
ἄνεμος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007), Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- air idem, page 21.
- blast idem, page 82.
- breeze idem, page 97.
- gust idem, page 379.
- wind idem, page 980.
ἄνεμος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἄνεμος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 101-2

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