ἀλέα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • ᾰ̓λέη (ăléē) — Ionic

Etymology

Uncertain.

  • The term is sometimes compared with Proto-Indo-European *swelh₁- (“to burn”). Perhaps the term followed a development of *swélh₁-os > *swḷh₁-s-ó- (“having glowing heat”) > *swḷh₁-s-eh₂ (“glowing heat”). However, initial rough breathing would be expected in an Attic Greek word derive from a PIE term with *sw-. The term may have been borrowed from Ionic Greek ἀλέη (aléē), though the linguist Alexander Nikolaev suggests that the term lacks any technical meanings that could have prompted such a borrowing.
  • The term has also been derived from a verb *swḷH-e-, from the root *swelH-, an alternative reconstruction of the aforementioned root *swelh₁-. It would then have been suffixed with -έα (-éa).[1]
  • The linguist Oswald Szemerényi relates the term to Middle Irish allas (“sweat”), Latin adoleō, and Hittite [script needed] (allanii̯a-zi).[1] However, the Hittite verb is likely unrelated and there is little evidence for any shared root between these terms.[2]
  • Nikolaev instead postulates a Proto-Hellenic root *alew-, whence perhaps Ancient Greek ἀλεόν (aleón), ἀλυκρός (alukrós), and possibly ἀλύνει (alúnei), all of which may—according to Nikolaev—reflect *alew-ó-. Moreover, Nikolaev proposes that *alew-eh- is perhaps reflected in Ancient Greek ἀλεεινός (aleeinós), ἀλεαίνω (aleaínō), ἐπᾱλής (epālḗs). Regarding to the Indo-European origins of the term, Nikolaev reconstructs a possible root *h₂lewH-, which he relates to Old Irish loscaid, Latin lūstrum, and Sanskrit रूर (rūra).[3]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

ᾰ̓λέᾱ • (ăléā) f (genitive ᾰ̓λέᾱς); first declension

  1. warmth; heat
  2. bodily heat
  3. (in the plural) fomentations

Declension

First declension of ἡ ᾰ̓λέᾱ; τῆς ᾰ̓λέᾱς (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ ᾰ̓λέᾱ
hē ăléā 		τὼ ᾰ̓λέᾱ
tṑ ăléā 		αἱ ᾰ̓λέαι
hai ăléai
Genitive τῆς ᾰ̓λέᾱς
tês ăléās 		τοῖν ᾰ̓λέαιν
toîn ăléain 		τῶν ᾰ̓λεῶν
tôn ăleôn
Dative τῇ ᾰ̓λέᾳ
tēî ăléāi 		τοῖν ᾰ̓λέαιν
toîn ăléain 		ταῖς ᾰ̓λέαις
taîs ăléais
Accusative τὴν ᾰ̓λέᾱν
tḕn ăléān 		τὼ ᾰ̓λέᾱ
tṑ ăléā 		τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓λέᾱς
tā̀s ăléās
Vocative ᾰ̓λέᾱ
ăléā 		ᾰ̓λέᾱ
ăléā 		ᾰ̓λέαι
ăléai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἀλέα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 62-63
  2. ^ Pronk, Tijmen (2019), “Proto-Indo-European *a”, in Indo-European Linguistics, volume 7, page 132 of 122–163
  3. ^ Nikolaev, Alexander (2021), “ETYMA GRAECA II”, in Indo-European linguistics and classical philology, →DOI, pages 954-957

Further reading

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