ធម្ម៌

Old Khmer

Variant forms
Latin	dharmma‍
Pallava	‍

Alternative forms

ធម៌ (“dharma”), ធាម្ម៌ (“dhārmma”)

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धर्म (dharma, “doctrine, precept; morality, virtue; rule, tradition”). Compare Pali dhamma, Old Javanese dharma.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dharˈmaː ~ dhar/

Noun

ធម្ម៌ (dharmma)

established (natural, cosmic, social), order.
the absence of imbalance: right, justice, equity, law, rule; custom, tradition.
adherence to or respect for order, prescribed conduct, virtue, morality.
act of piety or devotion, good or pious works.
ethical precepts (of Buddhism), the Buddhist doctrine or law.
Constituent of slavename.

Derived terms

The derivation may actually have occurred in Sanskrit or Pali,

មាហេឝ្វរាន្វយធម្ម៌ (“māheśvarānvayadharmma”)
រាជធម្ម៌ (“rājadharmma”)
ឝិវធម្ម៌ (“śivadharmma”)
សុធម្ម៌ (“sudharmma”)
អធម៌កម្ម៌ (“ʼadharmakarmma”)

Descendants

Khmer: ធម៌ (thɔə), ធម្ម (thŏəm)
Lao: ທຳ (tham), ທຳມະ (tham ma)
Thai: ธรรม (tam), ธรรมะ (tam-má)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

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Alternative scripts

ধৰ্ম (Assamese script)
ᬥᬃᬫ (Balinese script)
ধর্ম (Bengali script)
𑰠𑰨𑰿𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀥𑀭𑁆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
ဓရ်္မ (Burmese script)
धर्म (Devanagari script)
ધર્મ (Gujarati script)
ਧਰ੍ਮ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌧𑌰𑍍𑌮 (Grantha script)
ꦣꦂꦩ (Javanese script)
𑂡𑂩𑂹𑂧 (Kaithi script)
ಧರ್ಮ (Kannada script)
ធម៌ (Khmer script)
ຘຣ຺ມ (Lao script)
ധര്മ (Malayalam script)
ᢡᠠᡵᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘠𑘨𑘿𑘦 (Modi script)
ᢑᠾᠠᠷᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧀𑧈𑧠𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
𑐢𑐬𑑂𑐩 (Newa script)
ଧର୍ମ (Odia script)
ꢤꢬ꣄ꢪ (Saurashtra script)
𑆣𑆫𑇀𑆩 (Sharada script)
𑖠𑖨𑖿𑖦 (Siddham script)
ධර්‍ම (Sinhalese script)
𑩮𑩼 𑪙𑩴 (Soyombo script)
𑚜𑚤𑚶𑚢 (Takri script)
த⁴ர்ம (Tamil script)
ధర్మ (Telugu script)
ธรฺม (Thai script)
དྷ་རྨ (Tibetan script)
𑒡𑒩𑓂𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
𑨜𑨫𑩇𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)

Noun

ធម្ម៌ • (dhárma) stem, m

Khmer script form of धर्म (“law”)
- c. 1300 (date of inscription), Peter Skilling, “Namo Buddhāya Gurave (K. 888): Circulation of a Liturgical Formula across Asia”, in Journal of the Siam Society‎^[1], volume 106 (overall work in English), published November 2018, page 116:
  ឲំនមោវុទ្ធាយគុរវេ
  នមោធម្ម៌ាយតាយណេ*
  oṃ namo vuddhāya gurave
  namo dharmmāya tāyaṇe*
  Om. Homage to the Buddha, the teacher
  Homage to the Dharma, the saviour
  *For translation, corrected to តាយិនេ (tāyine).
  Opening lines of Praise of the Three Jewels (Triratnastotra), ascribed to Mātṛceṭa