ถูก

Cognate with Southern Thai ทู๊ก, Isan ถืก, Lao ຖືກ (thư̄k), Northern Thai ᨳᩪᨠ, Khün ᨳᩪᨠ, Lü ᦏᦳᧅᧈ (ṫhuk¹), Tai Dam ꪖꪴꪀ, Shan ထုၵ်ႇ (thùk), Nong Zhuang tuk.

ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun ความถูก)

1. (of a price) cheap; inexpensive; low

   Antonym: แพง (pɛɛng)

From Proto-Tai *C̬.tɯːkᴰ (“to come into contact”). Compare Middle Chinese 觸 (MC tsyhowk, “to touch; to come in contact with”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨳᩪᨠ, Isan ถืก, Lao ຖືກ (thư̄k), Lü ᦏᦳᧅᧈ (ṫhuk¹), Khün ᨳᩪᨠ, Shan ထုၵ်ႇ (thùk), Tai Nüa ᥗᥧᥐᥴ (thúk), Ahom 𑜌𑜤𑜀𑜫 (thuk).

ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun การถูก or ความถูก)

1. (transitive) to touch; to contact; to come into contact with

   Synonyms: ต้อง (dtɔ̂ng), โดน (doon)

2. (transitive) to be in accordance with; to be in line with; to agree with; to conform to
3. (transitive) to match; to fit; to suit
4. (intransitive) to be correct; to be right
5. (intransitive) to be accurate; to be precise
6. (ambitransitive) to be appropriate (for); to be proper (for); to be suitable (with)

   Antonym: ผิด (pìt)

7. (auxiliary) used as a passive voice marker

• The passive voice marker is only used when the target of the action undergoes something unfavourable. Examples:
  • ถูกข่มขืน

    tùuk kòm-kʉ̌ʉn

    to be raped

  • ถูกด่า

    tùuk dàa

    to be scolded

  • ถูกฆ่า

    tùuk kâa

    to be killed

  • ถูกจับ

    tùuk jàp

    to be arrested

• In some cases, this marker and a less formal marker, โดน (doon), can be used interchangeably.
• If the target does not undergo an unfavourable situation, the marker ได้รับ (dâai-ráp) is used.
• All these markers can sometimes be omitted.

• “ถูก” in Thai Dictionary Project (TDP) (UC Berkeley 1964) (plus additional data from the Royal Institute of Thailand (RI) and NECTEC's LEXITRON project (LEX)). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.