ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ

• ਪਾਤਸ਼ਾਹ (pātśāh)
• ਪਾਤਿਸਾਹ (pātisāh) — dated, archaic

Most likely borrowed from Urdu بَادْشَاہ (bādšāh) / Hindi बादशाह (bādšāh), an adjusted borrowing from Classical Persian پادشاه (pādišāh, pādšāh) which avoids conflation with Urdu پاد (pād, “fart, flatulence”) / Hindi पाद (pād, “fart, flatulence”). However, the Punjabi cognate ਪੱਦ (padda) does not have a long vowel like its Hindustani relative, so no such adjustment would be needed for a direct borrowing from Persian, which suggests a borrowing from Hindustani instead. Doublet of ਪਾਤਸ਼ਾਹ (pātśāh), a clear direct borrowing from Persian.

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /bäːd̪.ʃäː˥/, [ˈbäːd̪.ʃäː˥]

ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ • (bādśāh) m (Shahmukhi spelling بادشاہ)

1. sovereign, monarch
2. king
3. emperor
4. (chess) king

• ਰਾਜਾ (rājā)

• ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹੀ (bādśāhī, “royal”, adjective)
• ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹਤ f (bādśāhat, “kingdom”)

• ਸ਼ਾਹ m (śāh, “king”)

• “ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2026