सर

See also: सुर, सारा, सिर, सूरा, and सार

Hindi

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /səɾ/, [sɐɾ]
  • Audio (Delhi):(file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian سر (sar). Cognate with Sanskrit शिरस् (śiras). Doublet of सिर (sir, “head”) and सिरा (sirā, “beginning”).

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

  1. (anatomy) head
    Synonym: सिर (sir)
  2. top, tip, point
  3. head, chief
  4. (figuratively) conquer, subdue, overpower, win
  5. one of the four top-valued playing cards

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Sanskrit सर (sara).

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

  1. arrow

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Sanskrit सरस् (saras).

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

  1. lake

Etymology 4

Borrowed from English sir. Distant doublet of सनातन (sanātan, “immemorial; Dharmic”).

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

  1. sir

Etymology 5

Borrowed from Sanskrit शर (śara).

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

  1. alternative spelling of शर (śar)
Declension
Declension of सर (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct सर
sar 		सर
sar
oblique सर
sar 		सरों
sarõ
vocative सर
sar 		सरो
saro

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts
  • sara (Latin script)
  • 𑀲𑀭 (Brahmi script)
  • সর (Bengali script)
  • සර (Sinhalese script)
  • သရ (Burmese script)
  • สร or สะระ (Thai script)
  • ᩈᩁ (Tai Tham script)
  • ສຣ or ສະຣະ (Lao script)
  • សរ (Khmer script)
  • 𑄥𑄢 (Chakma script)

Noun

सर m

  1. Devanagari script form of sara (“arrow”)
  2. Devanagari script form of sara (“sound”)
    • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎[1] (overall work in Pali), page 2; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
      तत्थ अक्खरेसु अकारादीसु ओदन्ता अत्थ सरा नाम होन्ति।
      Tattha akkharesu akārādīsu odantā aṭṭha sarā nāma honti.
      There amongst the letters are eight vowels, namely starting with 'a' and ending with 'o'
    • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎[2] (overall work in Pali), page 18; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
      सरम्‌हा परस्स ब्यञ्जनस्स द्वेभावो होति ठाने ।
      saram‌hā parassa byañjanassa dvebhāvo hoti ṭhāne.
      There is doubling of a consonant after a vowel when appropriate.

Noun

सर m or n

  1. Devanagari script form of sara, which is alternative citation form of सरस् (saras, “lake”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts
  • সৰ (Assamese script)
  • ᬲᬭ (Balinese script)
  • সর (Bengali script)
  • 𑰭𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀲𑀭 (Brahmi script)
  • သရ (Burmese script)
  • સર (Gujarati script)
  • ਸਰ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌸𑌰 (Grantha script)
  • ꦱꦫ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂮𑂩 (Kaithi script)
  • ಸರ (Kannada script)
  • សរ (Khmer script)
  • ສຣ (Lao script)
  • സര (Malayalam script)
  • ᠰᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘭𑘨 (Modi script)
  • ᠰᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧍𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐳𑐬 (Newa script)
  • ସର (Odia script)
  • ꢱꢬ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆱𑆫 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖭𑖨 (Siddham script)
  • සර (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑪁𑩼 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚨𑚤 (Takri script)
  • ஸர (Tamil script)
  • సర (Telugu script)
  • สร (Thai script)
  • ས་ར (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒮𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨰𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root सृ (sṛ, “to run; glide; spring”) +‎ -अ (-a).

Pronunciation

Adjective

स॒र • (sará) stem (root सृ)

  1. springer, runner
  2. flower, speeder, glider, mover

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of स॒र
singular dual plural
nominative स॒रः (saráḥ) स॒रौ (saráu)
स॒रा¹ (sarā́¹) 		स॒राः (sarā́ḥ)
स॒रासः॑¹ (sarā́saḥ¹)
accusative स॒रम् (sarám) स॒रौ (saráu)
स॒रा¹ (sarā́¹) 		स॒रान् (sarā́n)
instrumental स॒रेण॑ (saréṇa) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒रैः (saráiḥ)
स॒रेभिः॑¹ (sarébhiḥ¹)
dative स॒राय॑ (sarā́ya) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒रेभ्यः॑ (sarébhyaḥ)
ablative स॒रात् (sarā́t) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒रेभ्यः॑ (sarébhyaḥ)
genitive स॒रस्य॑ (sarásya) स॒रयोः॑ (saráyoḥ) स॒राणा॑म् (sarā́ṇām)
locative स॒रे (saré) स॒रयोः॑ (saráyoḥ) स॒रेषु॑ (saréṣu)
vocative सर॑ (sára) सरौ॑ (sárau)
सरा॑¹ (sárā¹) 		सराः॑ (sárāḥ)
सरा॑सः¹ (sárāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of स॒रा
singular dual plural
nominative स॒रा (sarā́) स॒रे (saré) स॒राः (sarā́ḥ)
accusative स॒राम् (sarā́m) स॒रे (saré) स॒राः (sarā́ḥ)
instrumental स॒रया॑ (saráyā)
स॒रा¹ (sarā́¹) 		स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒राभिः॑ (sarā́bhiḥ)
dative स॒रायै॑ (sarā́yai) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒राभ्यः॑ (sarā́bhyaḥ)
ablative स॒रायाः॑ (sarā́yāḥ)
स॒रायै॑² (sarā́yai²) 		स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒राभ्यः॑ (sarā́bhyaḥ)
genitive स॒रायाः॑ (sarā́yāḥ)
स॒रायै॑² (sarā́yai²) 		स॒रयोः॑ (saráyoḥ) स॒राणा॑म् (sarā́ṇām)
locative स॒राया॑म् (sarā́yām) स॒रयोः॑ (saráyoḥ) स॒रासु॑ (sarā́su)
vocative सरे॑ (sáre) सरे॑ (sáre) सराः॑ (sárāḥ)
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of स॒र
singular dual plural
nominative स॒रम् (sarám) स॒रे (saré) स॒राणि॑ (sarā́ṇi)
स॒रा¹ (sarā́¹)
accusative स॒रम् (sarám) स॒रे (saré) स॒राणि॑ (sarā́ṇi)
स॒रा¹ (sarā́¹)
instrumental स॒रेण॑ (saréṇa) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒रैः (saráiḥ)
स॒रेभिः॑¹ (sarébhiḥ¹)
dative स॒राय॑ (sarā́ya) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒रेभ्यः॑ (sarébhyaḥ)
ablative स॒रात् (sarā́t) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒रेभ्यः॑ (sarébhyaḥ)
genitive स॒रस्य॑ (sarásya) स॒रयोः॑ (saráyoḥ) स॒राणा॑म् (sarā́ṇām)
locative स॒रे (saré) स॒रयोः॑ (saráyoḥ) स॒रेषु॑ (saréṣu)
vocative सर॑ (sára) सरे॑ (sáre) सरा॑णि (sárāṇi)
सरा॑¹ (sárā¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Noun

स॒र • (sará) stem, m (root सृ)

  1. sound
  2. arrow
  3. water
  4. string

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of स॒र
singular dual plural
nominative स॒रः (saráḥ) स॒रौ (saráu)
स॒रा¹ (sarā́¹) 		स॒राः (sarā́ḥ)
स॒रासः॑¹ (sarā́saḥ¹)
accusative स॒रम् (sarám) स॒रौ (saráu)
स॒रा¹ (sarā́¹) 		स॒रान् (sarā́n)
instrumental स॒रेण॑ (saréṇa) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒रैः (saráiḥ)
स॒रेभिः॑¹ (sarébhiḥ¹)
dative स॒राय॑ (sarā́ya) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒रेभ्यः॑ (sarébhyaḥ)
ablative स॒रात् (sarā́t) स॒राभ्या॑म् (sarā́bhyām) स॒रेभ्यः॑ (sarébhyaḥ)
genitive स॒रस्य॑ (sarásya) स॒रयोः॑ (saráyoḥ) स॒राणा॑म् (sarā́ṇām)
locative स॒रे (saré) स॒रयोः॑ (saráyoḥ) स॒रेषु॑ (saréṣu)
vocative सर॑ (sára) सरौ॑ (sárau)
सरा॑¹ (sárā¹) 		सराः॑ (sárāḥ)
सरा॑सः¹ (sárāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Further reading

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