शूल
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- শূল (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬹᬮ (Balinese script)
- শূল (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰳𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀽𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- ၐူလ (Burmese script)
- શૂલ (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ੂਲ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑍂𑌲 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦹꦭ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂴𑂪 (Kaithi script)
- ಶೂಲ (Kannada script)
- ឝូល (Khmer script)
- ຨູລ (Lao script)
- ശൂല (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᡠᡠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘴𑘩 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧕𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐹𑐮 (Newa script)
- ଶୂଲ (Odia script)
- ꢯꢹꢭ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆷𑆬 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖳𑖩 (Siddham script)
- ශූල (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩒𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚱𑚥 (Takri script)
- ஶூல (Tamil script)
- శూల (Telugu script)
- ศูล (Thai script)
- ཤཱུ་ལ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒴𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨃𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śúHlas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćúHlas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱúh₃-los, from *ḱeh₃- (“to sharpen”). Cognate with सूची (sūcī, “needle”), Persian سان (sân, “whetstone”), Old Armenian սուր (sur, “sword; sharp”), սլաք (slakʻ, “pointer; spearhead”), Latin cos, culex (“fly”), Ancient Greek κῶνος (kônos), Old English hān (whence English hone). The Sanskrit root is शूल् (śūl, “to hurt, cause pain”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɕúː.lɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɕuː.l̪ɐ/
Noun
शूल॑ • (śū́la) stem, m or n
- any sharp instrument or pointed dart, lance, pike, spear (esp. the trident of Shiva)
- a stake for impaling criminals
- any sharp or acute pain (esp. that of colic or gout)
- pain, grief, sorrow
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शूलः॑ (śū́laḥ) | शूलौ॑ (śū́lau) शूला॑¹ (śū́lā¹) |
शूलाः॑ (śū́lāḥ) शूला॑सः¹ (śū́lāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | शूल॑म् (śū́lam) | शूलौ॑ (śū́lau) शूला॑¹ (śū́lā¹) |
शूला॑न् (śū́lān) |
| instrumental | शूले॑न (śū́lena) | शूला॑भ्याम् (śū́lābhyām) | शूलैः॑ (śū́laiḥ) शूले॑भिः¹ (śū́lebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शूला॑य (śū́lāya) | शूला॑भ्याम् (śū́lābhyām) | शूले॑भ्यः (śū́lebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शूला॑त् (śū́lāt) | शूला॑भ्याम् (śū́lābhyām) | शूले॑भ्यः (śū́lebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शूल॑स्य (śū́lasya) | शूल॑योः (śū́layoḥ) | शूला॑नाम् (śū́lānām) |
| locative | शूले॑ (śū́le) | शूल॑योः (śū́layoḥ) | शूले॑षु (śū́leṣu) |
| vocative | शूल॑ (śū́la) | शूलौ॑ (śū́lau) शूला॑¹ (śū́lā¹) |
शूलाः॑ (śū́lāḥ) शूला॑सः¹ (śū́lāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शूलम् (śūlam) | शूले (śūle) | शूलानि (śūlāni) शूला¹ (śūlā¹) |
| accusative | शूलम् (śūlam) | शूले (śūle) | शूलानि (śūlāni) शूला¹ (śūlā¹) |
| instrumental | शूलेन (śūlena) | शूलाभ्याम् (śūlābhyām) | शूलैः (śūlaiḥ) शूलेभिः¹ (śūlebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शूलाय (śūlāya) | शूलाभ्याम् (śūlābhyām) | शूलेभ्यः (śūlebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शूलात् (śūlāt) | शूलाभ्याम् (śūlābhyām) | शूलेभ्यः (śūlebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शूलस्य (śūlasya) | शूलयोः (śūlayoḥ) | शूलानाम् (śūlānām) |
| locative | शूले (śūle) | शूलयोः (śūlayoḥ) | शूलेषु (śūleṣu) |
| vocative | शूल (śūla) | शूले (śūle) | शूलानि (śūlāni) शूला¹ (śūlā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- त्रिशूल (triśūla)
Descendants
- Bengali: হুল (hul, “sharpened end”), শুল (śul)
- Sindhi: सूरु sg (sooru, “pain”)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “शूल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1086/3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 651