वन्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts
  • ৱন্ (Assamese script)
  • ᬯᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
  • বন্ (Bengali script)
  • 𑰪𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀯𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
  • ဝန် (Burmese script)
  • વન્ (Gujarati script)
  • ਵਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌵𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
  • ꦮꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂫𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
  • ವೝ (Kannada script)
  • វន៑ (Khmer script)
  • ວນ຺ (Lao script)
  • വന് (Malayalam script)
  • ᠸᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘪𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
  • ᠸᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧊𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐰𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
  • ଵନ୍ (Odia script)
  • ꢮꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆮𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖪𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
  • වන් (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩾𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚦𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
  • வந் (Tamil script)
  • వౝ (Telugu script)
  • วนฺ (Thai script)
  • ཝ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒫𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨭𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

Often seen as conflation of Proto-Indo-European *wen- (“to conquer, win”) and Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to love, wish”),[1][2][3][4] but whether there really was a semantic difference between the aniṭ- and seṭ-forms is doubtful.[5] Cognate with Latin venus, venēnum whence English venom, Latin venia, veneror (“venerate”); English wish, win, wean, wont, wonder.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Verb

वन् • (van)

  1. to like, love, wish, desire
  2. to gain, acquire, procure, obtain
  3. to conquer, to win
  4. to take aim at
Derived terms
Primary verbal forms
  • व॒नोति॑ (vanóti, present)
  • वन॑ति (vánati, present)
  • व॒नि॒ष्यते॑ (vaniṣyáte, future)
  • व॒नि॒ता (vanitā́, periphrastic future)
  • अव॑नत् (ávanat, aorist)
  • व॒नि॒षी॒ष्ट (vaniṣīṣṭá, benedictive)
  • वा॒वान॑ (vāvā́na, perfect)
Secondary forms
  • वनयति (vanayati, causative)
  • वानयति (vānayati, causative)
  • विवा॑सति (vívāsati, desiderative)
Non-finite forms
  • वात (vāta, past participle)
  • वनित (vanita, past participle)
  • वनितुम् (vanitum, infinitive)
  • वन्तवे (vantave, infinitive)
  • वननीय (vananīya, gerundive)
Derived nominal forms
  • वन् (van)
  • वन (vana)
  • व॒निन् (vanín)
  • वनन (vanana)
  • वनना (vananā)
  • वन॑स् (vánas)
  • व॒नि (vaní)
  • व॒नु (vanú)
  • व॒नुस् (vanús)
  • व॒न्तृ (vantṛ́)
  • वनि॑तृ (vánitṛ)
  • वनि॑ष्ठ (vániṣṭha)
  • वनी॑यस् (vánīyas)
  • वाम (vāma)
  • वनी॑वन् (vánīvan)
  • वा॒वात॑ (vāvā́ta)
  • वावातृ (vāvātṛ)
  • वनयितृ (vanayitṛ)
  • वनिता (vanitā)
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root वन् (0 c, 2 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root वन् (5 c, 0 e)

References

  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “VAN”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 499
  2. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “VANI”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 501
  3. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*u̯en- 'überwaltigen, gewinnen'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 680-681
  4. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*u̯enH- 'liebgewinnen'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 682-683
  5. ^ Mucciarelli, E. (2014), Changes in the Semantics between the R̥gveda Saṃhitā and the Brāhamaṇas (Doctoral dissertation, Universität Tübingen), page 166.

Further reading


Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wán- (“tree, wood”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬥𐬁 (vanā, “tree”), Pashto ونه (wëna, “tree”), Sogdian [script needed] (wn, “tree”), Middle Persian [script needed] (wn' /⁠wan⁠/, “tree”).

Further origin of the Indo-Iranian is unclear. It is often derived from Proto-Indo-European *wen- (“to conquer, toil”) (whence Proto-Germanic *wundō (“wound”), as well as partially वन् (van) in the "gain" sense of Etymology 1), or compared to Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰 (winja, “pasture”).[1][2] Proto-Germanic *walþuz (“forest”), despite a match in semantics and the first few phonemes (as well as n - l alternation being attested in a wide variety of languages), is probably unrelated.

Pronunciation

Noun

वन् • (ván) stem, ?

  1. tree, wood, wooden vessel
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.86.35:
      इष॒मूर्जं॑ पवमाना॒भ्य॑र्षसि श्ये॒नो न वंसु॑ क॒लशे॑षु सीदसि।
      इन्द्रा॑य॒ मद्वा॒ मद्यो॒ मदः॑ सु॒तो दि॒वो वि॑ष्ट॒म्भ उ॑प॒मो वि॑चक्ष॒णः॥
      íṣamū́rjaṃ pavamānābhyàrṣasi śyenó ná váṃsu kaláśeṣu sīdasi.
      índrāya mádvā mádyo mádaḥ sutó divó viṣṭambhá upamó vicakṣaṇáḥ.
      You, Pavamāna, send food and power in streams, you sit in the beakers as a hawk on trees, for Indra poured as cheering juice to make him glad, as nearest and farseeing bearer-up of heaven.
Usage notes

The gender is unclear, Lubotsky suggests neuter.[3]

Declension
Declension of वन् (ván)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative - - -
Vocative - - -
Accusative - - -
Instrumental वना (vanā́) - -
Dative - - -
Ablative - - -
Genitive - - वनाम् (vanā́m)
Locative - - वंसु (váṃsu)
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “ván-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[3] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 500
  2. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976), “vánam”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎[4] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 138
  3. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “ván-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 551

Further reading

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