Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wenh₁-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*wenh₁-^[1]

to love

Alternative reconstructions

*wenH-^[2]
*h₁wenH-^[3]
*Hwenh₁-^[4]

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wenh₁- (23 c, 0 e)

*wn̥h₁-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)
- ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *wunskaz (“a wish”)
  - ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *wunskijaną (see there for further descendants)
- Indo-Iranian:
  - Indo-Aryan:
    - Sanskrit: वाञ्छति (vāñchati) (with restored nasal)
*wonh₁-éye-ti (causative)
- Proto-Germanic: *wanjaną (see there for further descendants)
*wn̥h₁-éh₁ye-ti (essive)
- Proto-Germanic: *wunāną (see there for further descendants)
?*wn̥h₁-néw-ti ~ *wn̥h₁-nw-énti (néw-present)
- Proto-Germanic: *winnaną (see there for further descendants)
- Indo-Iranian:
  - Indo-Aryan:
    - Sanskrit: वनोति (vanoti)
*wenh₁-i-s
- Proto-Germanic: *winiz (see there for further descendants)
*wénh₁-os ~ *wénh₁-es-os
- Proto-Italic: *wenos
  - Latin: venus (“loveliness, charm”), Venus (theonym)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wánas
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wánas
    - Sanskrit: वनस् (vánas)
*wenh₁-es-no-s
- Proto-Italic: *weneznos
  - Latin: venēnum
*wn̥h₁-tro-m
- Proto-Germanic: *wundrą (see there for further descendants)
*wn̥h₁-yeh₂
- Proto-Germanic: *wunjō (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *wenjā (see there for further descendants)
*wonh₁-os
- Proto-Germanic: *wanaz (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

>? Proto-Albanian: *vōnja
- Albanian: vuaj (I suffer)
Albanian:
- Proto-Albanian: *wana-^[5]
  - Albanian: uni
  - Albanian: uri

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*u̯enH-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 682
^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2025), Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²‎^[1]
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*wana- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 573
^ Oryol, Vladimir E. (1998), “uri ~ û”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 489

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*u̯enH-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 682

[3] Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2025), Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²‎^[1]

[4] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*wana- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 573

[5] Oryol, Vladimir E. (1998), “uri ~ û”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 489

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