लीयते

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

লীয়তে (Assamese script)
ᬮᬷᬬᬢᬾ (Balinese script)
লীয়তে (Bengali script)
𑰩𑰱𑰧𑰝𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀮𑀻𑀬𑀢𑁂 (Brahmi script)
လီယတေ (Burmese script)
લીયતે (Gujarati script)
ਲੀਯਤੇ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌲𑍀𑌯𑌤𑍇 (Grantha script)
ꦭꦷꦪꦠꦺ (Javanese script)
𑂪𑂲𑂨𑂞𑂵 (Kaithi script)
ಲೀಯತೇ (Kannada script)
លីយតេ (Khmer script)
ລີຍເຕ (Lao script)
ലീയതേ (Malayalam script)
ᠯᡳᡳᠶᠠᢠᡝ (Manchu script)
𑘩𑘲𑘧𑘝𑘹 (Modi script)
ᠯᠢᠢᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠧ (Mongolian script)
𑧉𑧓𑧇𑦽𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
𑐮𑐷𑐫𑐟𑐾 (Newa script)
ଲୀଯତେ (Odia script)
ꢭꢷꢫꢡꢾ (Saurashtra script)
𑆬𑆵𑆪𑆠𑆼 (Sharada script)
𑖩𑖱𑖧𑖝𑖸 (Siddham script)
ලීයතෙ (Sinhalese script)
𑩽𑩑𑩛𑩻𑩫𑩔 (Soyombo script)
𑚥𑚯𑚣𑚙𑚲 (Takri script)
லீயதே (Tamil script)
లీయతే (Telugu script)
ลียเต (Thai script)
ལཱི་ཡ་ཏེ (Tibetan script)
𑒪𑒲𑒨𑒞𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
𑨬𑨁𑨊𑨪𑨙𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *leyh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *lih₂yétor

Proto-Indo-Iranian *líHyatay?

Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH-

Proto-Indo-European *h₂liHyétor

Proto-Indo-Iranian *HlíHyatay?

Sanskrit लीय॑ते

Uncertain; two possibilities are found in the literature, which may explain different senses of the word:

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *líHyatay, from Proto-Indo-European *lih₂yétor, from *leyh₂- (“to stop, fade away”). LIV as well as Mayrhofer only propose this etymology for the sense "to melt" found in derivations, e.g. विलीयते (vilīyate).^[1]^[2] Cognate with Old English linnan (“to stop”).
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HlíHyatay, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂liHyétor, from *h₂leyH- (“to smear”). Cognate with Old Irish lenaid (“to stick”). LIV does not mention the Sanskrit descendants in its entry for this root, however.

Also see रीय॑ते (rī́yate, “to flow”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /líː.jɐ.tɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /l̪iː.jɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

लीय॑ते • (lī́yate) third-singular indicative (class 4, type A, present, root ली)^[3]

to cling, adhere [with locative ‘to’]
to lie, recline

Conjugation

Present: लीय॑ते (lī́yate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	लीय॑ते lī́yate	लीये॑ते lī́yete	लीय॑न्ते lī́yante
Second	- -	- -	- -	लीय॑से lī́yase	लीये॑थे lī́yethe	लीय॑ध्वे lī́yadhve
First	- -	- -	- -	लीये॑ lī́ye	लीया॑वहे lī́yāvahe	लीया॑महे lī́yāmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	लीय॑ताम् lī́yatām	लीये॑ताम् lī́yetām	लीय॑न्ताम् lī́yantām
Second	- -	- -	- -	लीय॑स्व lī́yasva	लीये॑थाम् lī́yethām	लीय॑ध्वम् lī́yadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	लीयै॑ lī́yai	लीया॑वहै lī́yāvahai	लीया॑महै lī́yāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	लीये॑त lī́yeta	लीये॑याताम् lī́yeyātām	लीये॑रन् lī́yeran
Second	- -	- -	- -	लीये॑थाः lī́yethāḥ	लीये॑याथाम् lī́yeyāthām	लीये॑ध्वम् lī́yedhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	लीये॑य lī́yeya	लीये॑वहि lī́yevahi	लीये॑महि lī́yemahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	लीया॑ते / लीया॑तै lī́yāte / lī́yātai	लीयै॑ते lī́yaite	लीय॑न्त / लीया॑न्तै lī́yanta / lī́yāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	लीया॑से / लीया॑सै lī́yāse / lī́yāsai	लीयै॑थे lī́yaithe	लीया॑ध्वै lī́yādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	लीयै॑ lī́yai	लीया॑वहै lī́yāvahai	लीया॑महै lī́yāmahai
Participles
	- -			लीय॑मान lī́yamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: अली॑यत (álīyata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	अली॑यत álīyata	अली॑येताम् álīyetām	अली॑यन्त álīyanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	अली॑यथाः álīyathāḥ	अली॑येथाम् álīyethām	अली॑यध्वम् álīyadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	अली॑ये álīye	अली॑यावहि álīyāvahi	अली॑यामहि álīyāmahi

Derived terms

विलीयते (vilīyate)

References

^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*lei̯h₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 406
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “LAY^I”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 474
^ Monier Williams (1899), “ली”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 903.

[1] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*lei̯h₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 406

[2] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “LAY^I”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 474

[3] Monier Williams (1899), “ली”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 903.

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