रिपु
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৰিপু (Assamese script)
- ᬭᬶᬧᬸ (Balinese script)
- রিপু (Bengali script)
- 𑰨𑰰𑰢𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀭𑀺𑀧𑀼 (Brahmi script)
- ရိပု (Burmese script)
- રિપુ (Gujarati script)
- ਰਿਪੁ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌰𑌿𑌪𑍁 (Grantha script)
- ꦫꦶꦥꦸ (Javanese script)
- 𑂩𑂱𑂣𑂳 (Kaithi script)
- ರಿಪು (Kannada script)
- រិបុ (Khmer script)
- ຣິປຸ (Lao script)
- രിപു (Malayalam script)
- ᡵᡳᢒᡠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘨𑘱𑘢𑘳 (Modi script)
- ᠷᠢᢒᠤ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧈𑧒𑧂𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐬𑐶𑐥𑐸 (Newa script)
- ରିପୁ (Odia script)
- ꢬꢶꢦꢸ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆫𑆴𑆥𑆶 (Sharada script)
- 𑖨𑖰𑖢𑖲 (Siddham script)
- රිපු (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩼𑩑𑩰𑩒 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚤𑚮𑚞𑚰 (Takri script)
- ரிபு (Tamil script)
- రిపు (Telugu script)
- ริปุ (Thai script)
- རི་པུ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒩𑒱𑒣𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨫𑨁𑨞𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *lipús, from the root *leyp- (“to stick, adhere, smear; fat, oil, sticky substance, adhesive”).[1] Synchronically from the Sanskrit root रिप् (rip).
The meanings “fraudulent, deceitful, treacherous, enemy” (etc.) developed figuratively from the earlier set of meanings “dirty spot, stain, filth” > “fault, impurity”; compare the related words रिप्र (riprá), रिप्त (riptá), रेपस् (répas).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɾi.pú/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɾi.pu/
Noun
रि॒पु • (ripú) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | रि॒पुः (ripúḥ) | रि॒पू (ripū́) | रि॒पवः॑ (ripávaḥ) |
| accusative | रि॒पुम् (ripúm) | रि॒पू (ripū́) | रि॒पून् (ripū́n) |
| instrumental | रि॒पुणा॑ (ripúṇā) रि॒प्वा¹ (ripvā́¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभिः॑ (ripúbhiḥ) |
| dative | रि॒पवे॑ (ripáve) रि॒प्वे¹ (ripvé¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभ्यः॑ (ripúbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | रि॒पोः (ripóḥ) रि॒प्वः¹ (ripváḥ¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभ्यः॑ (ripúbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | रि॒पोः (ripóḥ) रि॒प्वः¹ (ripváḥ¹) |
रि॒प्वोः (ripvóḥ) | रि॒पू॒णाम् (ripūṇā́m) |
| locative | रि॒पौ (ripáu) | रि॒प्वोः (ripvóḥ) | रि॒पुषु॑ (ripúṣu) |
| vocative | रिपो॑ (rípo) | रिपू॑ (rípū) | रिप॑वः (rípavaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Adjective
रि॒पु • (ripú) stem
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | रि॒पुः (ripúḥ) | रि॒पू (ripū́) | रि॒पवः॑ (ripávaḥ) |
| accusative | रि॒पुम् (ripúm) | रि॒पू (ripū́) | रि॒पून् (ripū́n) |
| instrumental | रि॒पुणा॑ (ripúṇā) रि॒प्वा¹ (ripvā́¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभिः॑ (ripúbhiḥ) |
| dative | रि॒पवे॑ (ripáve) रि॒प्वे¹ (ripvé¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभ्यः॑ (ripúbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | रि॒पोः (ripóḥ) रि॒प्वः¹ (ripváḥ¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभ्यः॑ (ripúbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | रि॒पोः (ripóḥ) रि॒प्वः¹ (ripváḥ¹) |
रि॒प्वोः (ripvóḥ) | रि॒पू॒णाम् (ripūṇā́m) |
| locative | रि॒पौ (ripáu) | रि॒प्वोः (ripvóḥ) | रि॒पुषु॑ (ripúṣu) |
| vocative | रिपो॑ (rípo) | रिपू॑ (rípū) | रिप॑वः (rípavaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | रि॒पुः (ripúḥ) | रि॒पू (ripū́) | रि॒पवः॑ (ripávaḥ) |
| accusative | रि॒पुम् (ripúm) | रि॒पू (ripū́) | रि॒पूः (ripū́ḥ) |
| instrumental | रि॒प्वा (ripvā́) | रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभिः॑ (ripúbhiḥ) |
| dative | रि॒पवे॑ (ripáve) रि॒प्वै¹ (ripvái¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभ्यः॑ (ripúbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | रि॒पोः (ripóḥ) रि॒प्वाः¹ (ripvā́ḥ¹) रि॒प्वै² (ripvái²) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभ्यः॑ (ripúbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | रि॒पोः (ripóḥ) रि॒प्वाः¹ (ripvā́ḥ¹) रि॒प्वै² (ripvái²) |
रि॒प्वोः (ripvóḥ) | रि॒पू॒णाम् (ripūṇā́m) |
| locative | रि॒पौ (ripáu) रि॒प्वाम्¹ (ripvā́m¹) |
रि॒प्वोः (ripvóḥ) | रि॒पुषु॑ (ripúṣu) |
| vocative | रिपो॑ (rípo) | रिपू॑ (rípū) | रिप॑वः (rípavaḥ) |
- ¹Later Sanskrit
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | रि॒पु (ripú) | रि॒पुणी॑ (ripúṇī) | रि॒पूणि॑ (ripū́ṇi) रि॒पु¹ (ripú¹) रि॒पू¹ (ripū́¹) |
| accusative | रि॒पु (ripú) | रि॒पुणी॑ (ripúṇī) | रि॒पूणि॑ (ripū́ṇi) रि॒पु¹ (ripú¹) रि॒पू¹ (ripū́¹) |
| instrumental | रि॒पुणा॑ (ripúṇā) रि॒प्वा¹ (ripvā́¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभिः॑ (ripúbhiḥ) |
| dative | रि॒पुणे॑ (ripúṇe) रि॒पवे॑ (ripáve) रि॒प्वे¹ (ripvé¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभ्यः॑ (ripúbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | रि॒पुणः॑ (ripúṇaḥ) रि॒पोः (ripóḥ) रि॒प्वः¹ (ripváḥ¹) |
रि॒पुभ्या॑म् (ripúbhyām) | रि॒पुभ्यः॑ (ripúbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | रि॒पुणः॑ (ripúṇaḥ) रि॒पोः (ripóḥ) रि॒प्वः¹ (ripváḥ¹) |
रि॒पुणोः॑ (ripúṇoḥ) रि॒प्वोः (ripvóḥ) |
रि॒पू॒णाम् (ripūṇā́m) |
| locative | रि॒पुणि॑ (ripúṇi) रि॒पौ (ripáu) |
रि॒पुणोः॑ (ripúṇoḥ) रि॒प्वोः (ripvóḥ) |
रि॒पुषु॑ (ripúṣu) |
| vocative | रिपु॑ (rípu) रिपो॑ (rípo) |
रिपु॑णी (rípuṇī) | रिपू॑णि (rípūṇi) रिपु॑¹ (rípu¹) रिपू॑¹ (rípū¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- षड्रिपु (ṣaḍripu, “six enemies of the mind that trap a soul; lust, anger, greed, ego, attachment, jealousy”)
Related terms
References
- ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), “*lei̯p- 'kleben bleiben'”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 453–454