राज्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৰাজ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬭᬵᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
- রাজ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰨𑰯𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀭𑀸𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ရာဇ် (Burmese script)
- રાજ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਰਾਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌰𑌾𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦫꦴꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂩𑂰𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ರಾಜ್ (Kannada script)
- រាជ៑ (Khmer script)
- ຣາຊ຺ (Lao script)
- രാജ് (Malayalam script)
- ᡵᠠ᠊ᠠᡯ (Manchu script)
- 𑘨𑘰𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠷᠠᢗᠽ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧈𑧑𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐬𑐵𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
- ରାଜ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢬꢵꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆫𑆳𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖨𑖯𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
- රාජ් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩼𑩛𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚤𑚭𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
- ராஜ் (Tamil script)
- రాజ్ (Telugu script)
- ราชฺ (Thai script)
- རཱ་ཛ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒩𑒰𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨫𑨊𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɾɑ́ːd͡ʑ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɾɑːd͡ʑ/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrā́ṭṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrā́ćš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗḱs (“king”). Cognate with Latin rēx (“king”), Welsh rhi (“king”).
Noun
राज् • (rā́j) stem, m
- (Rigvedic) a king, sovereign, chief, lord
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.12.1:
- मध्ये॒ होता॑ दुरो॒णे ब॒र्हिषो॒ राळ् अ॒ग्निस् तो॒दस्य॒ रोद॑सी॒ यज॑ध्यै।
अ॒यं स सू॒नुः सह॑स ऋ॒तावा॑ दू॒रात् सूर्यो॒ न शो॒चिषा॑ ततान॥- mádhye hótā duroṇé barhíṣo rā́ḷ agnís todásya ródasī yájadhyai.
ayáṃ sá sūnúḥ sáhasa ṛtā́vā dūrā́t sū́ryo ná śocíṣā tatāna. - May Agni, the king of trimmed grass, Herald within the Impeller's dwelling, offer worship to heaven and earth.
He, Son of Strength, the Holy, from a distance hath spread himself abroad with light like the sun.
- mádhye hótā duroṇé barhíṣo rā́ḷ agnís todásya ródasī yájadhyai.
- मध्ये॒ होता॑ दुरो॒णे ब॒र्हिषो॒ राळ् अ॒ग्निस् तो॒दस्य॒ रोद॑सी॒ यज॑ध्यै।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | राट् (rā́ṭ) | राजौ॑ (rā́jau) राजा॑¹ (rā́jā¹) |
राजः॑ (rā́jaḥ) |
| accusative | राज॑म् (rā́jam) | राजौ॑ (rā́jau) राजा॑¹ (rā́jā¹) |
राजः॑ (rā́jaḥ) |
| instrumental | रा॒जा (rājā́) | रा॒ड्भ्याम् (rāḍbhyā́m) | रा॒ड्भिः (rāḍbhíḥ) |
| dative | रा॒जे (rājé) | रा॒ड्भ्याम् (rāḍbhyā́m) | रा॒ड्भ्यः (rāḍbhyáḥ) |
| ablative | रा॒जः (rājáḥ) | रा॒ड्भ्याम् (rāḍbhyā́m) | रा॒ड्भ्यः (rāḍbhyáḥ) |
| genitive | रा॒जः (rājáḥ) | रा॒जोः (rājóḥ) | रा॒जाम् (rājā́m) |
| locative | रा॒जि (rājí) | रा॒जोः (rājóḥ) | रा॒ट्सु (rāṭsú) |
| vocative | राट् (rā́ṭ) | राजौ॑ (rā́jau) राजा॑¹ (rā́jā¹) |
राजः॑ (rā́jaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-.
Root
राज् • (rāj)
Derived terms
Primary verbal forms
- राज॑ते (rā́jate, present)
- राज॑ति (rā́jati, present)
Non-finite forms
- रा॒जसे॑ (rājáse, infinitive)
Derived nominal forms
- राष्टि॑ (rā́ṣṭi)
- राज॑न् (rā́jan)
- राज् (rā́j)
- राज्ञी॑ (rā́jñī)
- रा॒ष्ट्र (rāṣṭrá)
- रा॒ष्ट्र॒पति॑ (rāṣṭrapáti)
- राष्ट्री॑ (rā́ṣṭrī)
- रा॒ष्ट्रिय॑ (rāṣṭríya)
- राज॑ (rā́ja)
- राज॑पति (rā́japati)
- राज्य॑ (rā́jya)
- राज॑न (rā́jana)
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root राज् (0 c, 3 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root राज् (9 c, 0 e)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “राज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 872/3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 444-6