मुच्यते

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *múčyatay, from Proto-Indo-European *mukyétor, from *(s)mewk-.^[1]

• (Vedic)
  • (Rigvedic) IPA^(key): /mút͡ɕ.jɐ.tɐj/
  • (Atharvavedic) IPA^(key): /mut͡ɕ.jɐ́.tɐj/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mut͡ɕ.jɐ.t̪eː/

मुच्य॑ते or मु॒च्यते॑ • (múcyate or mucyáte) third-singular indicative (type A, passive, root मुच्)^[2][3]

1. to be set free, let loose
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.27.24:

     सा ते॑ जी॒वातु॑रु॒त तस्य॑ विद्धि॒ मा स्मै॑ता॒दृगप॑ गूहः सम॒र्ये ।
     आ॒विः स्वः॑ कृणु॒ते गूह॑ते बु॒सं स पा॒दुर॑स्य नि॒र्णिजो॒ न मु॑च्यते ॥

     sā́ te jīvā́turutá tásya viddhi mā́ smaitādṛ́gápa gūhaḥ samaryé.
     āvíḥ svaḥ kṛṇuté gū́hate busáṃ sá pādúrasya nirṇíjo ná mucyate.

     • 1889 translation by Ralph T. H. Griffith

       This is thy life: and do thou mark and know it. As such, hide not thyself in time of battle. He manifests the light and hides the vapour: his foot is never free from robes that veil it.

   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.31.4:

     त्वम॑ग्ने॒ मन॑वे॒ द्याम॑वाशयः पुरू॒रव॑से सु॒कृते॑ सु॒कृत्त॑रः ।
     श्वा॒त्रेण॒ यत्पि॒त्रोर्मुच्य॑से॒ पर्या त्वा॒ पूर्व॑मनय॒न्नाप॑रं॒ पुनः॑ ॥

     tvámagne mánave dyā́mavāśayaḥ purūrávase sukṛ́te sukṛ́ttaraḥ.
     śvātréṇa yátpitrórmúcyase páryā́ tvā pū́rvamanayannā́paraṃ púnaḥ.

     • 1889 translation by Ralph T. H. Griffith

       Agni thou madest heaven to thunder for mankind; thou, yet more pious, for pious Purûravâs. When thou art rapidly freed from thy parents, first eastward they bear thee round, and, after, to the west.

2. to deliver oneself, escape
3. to abstain [with ablative ‘from’]
4. to be deprived [with instrumental ‘of’]

• Dardic:
  • Shinaic:
    • Kohistani Shina: mucoón
    • Palula: múča (“to rain”), múče (Biori), ⇒ mučóo (“to open, untie”), mučúu (Biori)