भय

See also: भैया

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भय (bhaya).

Pronunciation

Noun

भय • (bhay) m (Urdu spelling بھے)

  1. dread, fear
    Synonyms: डर (ḍar), ख़ौफ़ (xauf), आतंक (ātaṅk)
    जब भूत उसके सामने आया, वह भय से चीत्कार किया।
    jab bhūt uske sāmne āyā, vah bhay se cītkār kiyā.
    When the ghost appeared before him, he shrieked with fear.

Declension

Declension of भय (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct भय
bhay 		भय
bhay
oblique भय
bhay 		भयों
bhayõ
vocative भय
bhay 		भयो
bhayo

Derived terms

Old Gujarati

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भय (bhaya).

Noun

भय • (bhaya) n

  1. fear, danger

Alternative forms

  • भयु (bhayu)

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts
  • bhaya (Latin script)
  • 𑀪𑀬 (Brahmi script)
  • ভয (Bengali script)
  • භය (Sinhalese script)
  • ဘယ or ꧤယ (Burmese script)
  • ภย or ภะยะ (Thai script)
  • ᨽᨿ (Tai Tham script)
  • ຠຍ or ຠະຍະ (Lao script)
  • ភយ (Khmer script)
  • 𑄞𑄠 (Chakma script)

Noun

भय n

  1. Devanagari script form of bhaya (“fear”)

Declension

Declension table of "भय" (neuter)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)भयं (bhayaṃ)भयानि (bhayāni)
Accusative (second)भयं (bhayaṃ)भयानि (bhayāni)
Instrumental (third)भयेन (bhayena)भयेहि (bhayehi) or भयेभि (bhayebhi)
Dative (fourth)भयस्स (bhayassa) or भयाय (bhayāya) or भयत्थं (bhayatthaṃ)भयानं (bhayānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)भयस्मा (bhayasmā) or भयम्हा (bhayamhā) or भया (bhayā)भयेहि (bhayehi) or भयेभि (bhayebhi)
Genitive (sixth)भयस्स (bhayassa)भयानं (bhayānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)भयस्मिं (bhayasmiṃ) or भयम्हि (bhayamhi) or भये (bhaye)भयेसु (bhayesu)
Vocative (calling)भय (bhaya)भयानि (bhayāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts
  • ভয় (Assamese script)
  • ᬪᬬ (Balinese script)
  • ভয় (Bengali script)
  • 𑰥𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀪𑀬 (Brahmi script)
  • ဘယ (Burmese script)
  • ભય (Gujarati script)
  • ਭਯ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌭𑌯 (Grantha script)
  • ꦨꦪ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂦𑂨 (Kaithi script)
  • ಭಯ (Kannada script)
  • ភយ (Khmer script)
  • ຠຍ (Lao script)
  • ഭയ (Malayalam script)
  • ᢨᠠᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘥𑘧 (Modi script)
  • ᠪᠾᠠᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧅𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐨𑐫 (Newa script)
  • ଭଯ (Odia script)
  • ꢩꢫ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆨𑆪 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖥𑖧 (Siddham script)
  • භය (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩳𑩻 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚡𑚣 (Takri script)
  • ப⁴ய (Tamil script)
  • భయ (Telugu script)
  • ภย (Thai script)
  • བྷ་ཡ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒦𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨡𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂-der.
Sanskrit भय

    From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear”). Cognate with Old English bifian (“to tremble”), Persian بیم (bim, “fear”) and Russian бояться (bojatʹsja). The Sanskrit root is भी (bhī, “to fear”).[1]

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    भ॒य • (bhayá) stem, n

    1. fear, alarm, dread, terror, dismay
      • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.41.10:
        इन्द्रो॑ अ॒ङ्ग म॒हद्भ॒यम्अ॒भी षदप॑ चुच्यवत्।
        स हि स्थि॒रो विच॑र्षणिः॥
        índro aṅgá mahádbhayámabhī́ ṣádápa cucyavat.
        sá hí sthiró vícarṣaṇiḥ.
        May Indra, dissipate all great and overpowering fear, for he is resolute, and the beholder of all.
    2. danger, peril, distress

    Declension

    Neuter a-stem declension of भ॒य
    singular dual plural
    nominative भ॒यम् (bhayám) भ॒ये (bhayé) भ॒यानि॑ (bhayā́ni)
    भ॒या¹ (bhayā́¹)
    accusative भ॒यम् (bhayám) भ॒ये (bhayé) भ॒यानि॑ (bhayā́ni)
    भ॒या¹ (bhayā́¹)
    instrumental भ॒येन॑ (bhayéna) भ॒याभ्या॑म् (bhayā́bhyām) भ॒यैः (bhayáiḥ)
    भ॒येभिः॑¹ (bhayébhiḥ¹)
    dative भ॒याय॑ (bhayā́ya) भ॒याभ्या॑म् (bhayā́bhyām) भ॒येभ्यः॑ (bhayébhyaḥ)
    ablative भ॒यात् (bhayā́t) भ॒याभ्या॑म् (bhayā́bhyām) भ॒येभ्यः॑ (bhayébhyaḥ)
    genitive भ॒यस्य॑ (bhayásya) भ॒ययोः॑ (bhayáyoḥ) भ॒याना॑म् (bhayā́nām)
    locative भ॒ये (bhayé) भ॒ययोः॑ (bhayáyoḥ) भ॒येषु॑ (bhayéṣu)
    vocative भय॑ (bháya) भये॑ (bháye) भया॑नि (bháyāni)
    भया॑¹ (bháyā¹)
    • ¹Vedic

    Descendants

    • Pali: bhaya
    • Prakrit: 𑀪𑀬 (bhaya)
      Maharastri Prakrit:
      Paisaci Prakrit:
      Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • → Assamese: ভয় (bhoy)
    • → Bengali: ভয় (bhoẏ)
    • → Hindi: भय (bhay)
    • → Kannada: ಭಯ (bhaya)
    • → Lü: ᦺᦘ (phay)
    • → Malay: bahaya
    • → Malayalam: ഭയം (bhayaṁ)
    • → Old Gujarati: भय (bhaya)
    • → Old Javanese: bhaya
      • Javanese: ꦧꦪ (baya, “danger, hazard”)
      • → Balinese: ᬪᬬ (baya, “danger, peril”)
    • → Tamil: பயம் (payam)
    • → Telugu: భయము (bhayamu)
    • → Thai: ภัย (pai)

    References

    1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “BHAYI (> line 10 > bhayá-)”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 245

    Further reading

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