पयस्
See also: प्यास
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পয়স্ (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬬᬲ᭄ (Balinese script)
- পয়স্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰧𑰭𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀬𑀲𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ပယသ် (Burmese script)
- પયસ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਪਯਸ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌯𑌸𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦪꦱ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂨𑂮𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಪಯಸ್ (Kannada script)
- បយស៑ (Khmer script)
- ປຍສ຺ (Lao script)
- പയസ് (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᠠᠶᠠᠰ᠌ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘧𑘭𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᠰ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧇𑧍𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐫𑐳𑑂 (Newa script)
- ପଯସ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢫꢱ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆪𑆱𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖧𑖭𑖿 (Siddham script)
- පයස් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩻𑪁 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚣𑚨𑚶 (Takri script)
- பயஸ் (Tamil script)
- పయస్ (Telugu script)
- ปยสฺ (Thai script)
- པ་ཡ་ས྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒨𑒮𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨪𑨰𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *páyHas (“milk”), from Proto-Indo-European *péyh₂-os ~ *péyh₂-esos (“fat, milk”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (paiiah), 𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬨𐬀𐬥 (paēman), Latvian piẽns, Lithuanian pi̇́enas, English fat. The Sanskrit root is पी (pī, “to swell”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pɐ́.jɐs/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pɐ.jɐs̪/
Noun
पय॑स् • (páyas) stem, n
- milk
- (by extension) any fluid or juice
- water or rain
- semen, (metaphorically) vital spirit, power, strength
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पयः॑ (páyaḥ) | पय॑सी (páyasī) | पयां॑सि (páyāṃsi) |
| accusative | पयः॑ (páyaḥ) | पय॑सी (páyasī) | पयां॑सि (páyāṃsi) |
| instrumental | पय॑सा (páyasā) | पयो॑भ्याम् (páyobhyām) | पयो॑भिः (páyobhiḥ) |
| dative | पय॑से (páyase) | पयो॑भ्याम् (páyobhyām) | पयो॑भ्यः (páyobhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पय॑सः (páyasaḥ) | पयो॑भ्याम् (páyobhyām) | पयो॑भ्यः (páyobhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पय॑सः (páyasaḥ) | पय॑सोः (páyasoḥ) | पय॑साम् (páyasām) |
| locative | पय॑सि (páyasi) | पय॑सोः (páyasoḥ) | पयः॑सु (páyaḥsu) |
| vocative | पयः॑ (páyaḥ) | पय॑सी (páyasī) | पयां॑सि (páyāṃsi) |
Derived terms
- पयते (páyate, “to swell, fatten”) (nonce form in figura etymologica)
- पयस (payasá)
- पयस्वत् (páyasvat)
- पयस्विन् (payasvín)
- पायस (pāyasa)
Descendants
- Pali: paya
- Prakrit: 𑀧𑀬 (paya)
- Assamese: পয় (poy)
- Sinhalese: පය (paya), පා (pā)
- → Kannada: ಪಯಸ್ಸು (payassu) (learned)
- → Malayalam: പയസ്സ് (payassŭ) (learned)
- → Telugu: పయస్సు (payassu) (learned)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “पयस्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 585, column 3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 83
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 376
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “páyas”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press