पञ्च

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts
  • pañca (Latin script)
  • 𑀧𑀜𑁆𑀘 (Brahmi script)
  • পঞ্চ (Bengali script)
  • පඤ‍්ච (Sinhalese script)
  • ပဉ္စ or ပၺ္ၸ or ပၺ်ၸ (Burmese script)
  • ปญฺจ or ปัญจะ (Thai script)
  • ᨷᨬ᩠ᨧ (Tai Tham script)
  • ປຎ຺ຈ or ປັຎຈະ (Lao script)
  • បញ្ច (Khmer script)
  • 𑄛𑄐𑄴𑄌 (Chakma script)

Numeral

पञ्च (pañca)

  1. Devanagari script form of pañca
    • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎[2] (overall work in Pali), page 3; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
      तत्थ अट्ठसु सरेसु रस्सेहि अञ्ञे पञ्च सरा दीघा नाम होन्ति।
      Tattha aṭṭhasu saresu rassehi aññe pañca sarā dīghā nāma honti.
      There, in the eight vowels and apart from the short ones, the other five vowels are indeed long.

Declension

Declension table of "पञ्च"
Case \ NumberPlural
Nominative (first)पञ्च (pañca)
Accusative (second)पञ्च (pañca)
Instrumental (third)पञ्चहि (pañcahi)
Dative (fourth)पञ्चन्नं (pañcannaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)पञ्चहि (pañcahi)
Genitive (sixth)पञ्चन्नं (pañcannaṃ)
Locative (seventh)पञ्चसु (pañcasu)

Sanskrit

Sanskrit numbers (edit)
50
 ←  4 ५
5 		6  → 
    Cardinal: पञ्च (pañca)
    Ordinal: पञ्चम (pañcama)
    Multiplier: पञ्चधा (pañcadhā)
    Distributive: पञ्चशस् (pañcaśas)
    Collective: पङ्क्ति (paṅkti)

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts
  • পঞ্চ (Assamese script)
  • ᬧᬜ᭄ᬘ (Balinese script)
  • পঞ্চ (Bengali script)
  • 𑰢𑰗𑰿𑰓 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀧𑀜𑁆𑀘 (Brahmi script)
  • ပဉ္စ (Burmese script)
  • પઞ્ચ (Gujarati script)
  • ਪਞ੍ਚ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌪𑌞𑍍𑌚 (Grantha script)
  • ꦥꦚ꧀ꦕ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂣𑂖𑂹𑂒 (Kaithi script)
  • ಪಞ್ಚ (Kannada script)
  • បញ្ច (Khmer script)
  • ປຎ຺ຈ (Lao script)
  • പഞ്ച (Malayalam script)
  • ᢒᠠᠨᡳᠶᢜᠠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘢𑘗𑘿𑘓 (Modi script)
  • ᢒᠠᡛᢋᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧂𑦷𑧠𑦳 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐥𑐘𑑂𑐔 (Newa script)
  • ପଞ୍ଚ (Odia script)
  • ꢦꢛ꣄ꢗ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆥𑆚𑇀𑆖 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖢𑖗𑖿𑖓 (Siddham script)
  • පඤ්‍ච (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩰𑩥 𑪙𑩡 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚞𑚓𑚶𑚏 (Takri script)
  • பஞ்ச (Tamil script)
  • పఞ్చ (Telugu script)
  • ปญฺจ (Thai script)
  • པ་ཉྩ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒔 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨞𑨓𑩇𑨣 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča
Sanskrit पञ्च

    From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pánća, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.[1]

    Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬧𐬗𐬀 (paṇca), Old Church Slavonic пѧть (pętĭ), Lithuanian penki, Albanian pesë, Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte), Latin quinque, Old English fīf (whence English five).

    Pronunciation

    Numeral

    पञ्च॑ • (páñca)

    1. five

    Declension

    Gender-neutral numeral declension of पञ्च॑
    plural
    nominative पञ्च॑ (páñca)
    accusative पञ्च॑ (páñca)
    instrumental प॒ञ्चभिः॑ (pañcábhiḥ)
    dative प॒ञ्चभ्यः॑ (pañcábhyaḥ)
    ablative प॒ञ्चभ्यः॑ (pañcábhyaḥ)
    genitive प॒ञ्चा॒नाम् (pañcānā́m)
    locative प॒ञ्चसु॑ (pañcásu)
    vocative पञ्च॑ (páñca)

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca) (see there for further descendants)
    • Dardic:
    • Helu Prakrit:
    • Pali: pañca
      • → Burmese: ပဉ္စ (panyca.)
      • → Khmer: បញ្ច (bɑñcɑɑ)
      • → Lao: ປັນຈະ (pan cha)
      • → Shan: ပဵၼ်ႇၸႃႉ (pàen tsâ̰a)
      • → Thai: ปัญจ, เบญจ
    • → Malay:
      Latin script: panca
      Arabic script: ڤنچا

    References

    1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “pañca”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 65

    Further reading

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