दोग्धि

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

দোগ্ধি (Assamese script)
ᬤᭀᬕ᭄ᬥᬶ (Balinese script)
দোগ্ধি (Bengali script)
𑰟𑰺𑰐𑰿𑰠𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀤𑁄𑀕𑁆𑀥𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ဒေါဂ္ဓိ (Burmese script)
દોગ્ધિ (Gujarati script)
ਦੋਗ੍ਧਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌦𑍋𑌗𑍍𑌧𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦢꦺꦴꦒ꧀ꦣꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂠𑂷𑂏𑂹𑂡𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ದೋಗ್ಧಿ (Kannada script)
ទោគ្ធិ (Khmer script)
ໂທຄ຺ຘິ (Lao script)
ദോഗ്ധി (Malayalam script)
ᡩᠣᡤᢡᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘟𑘻𑘐𑘿𑘠𑘱 (Modi script)
ᢑᠣᠸᠠᠺᢑᠾᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦿𑧜𑦰𑧠𑧀𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐡𑑀𑐐𑑂𑐢𑐶 (Newa script)
ଦୋଗ୍ଧି (Odia script)
ꢣꣂꢔ꣄ꢤꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆢𑆾𑆓𑇀𑆣𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖟𑖺𑖐𑖿𑖠𑖰 (Siddham script)
දොග්‍ධි (Sinhalese script)
𑩭𑩕𑩞 𑪙𑩮𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚛𑚴𑚌𑚶𑚜𑚮 (Takri script)
தே³ாக்³தி⁴ (Tamil script)
దోగ్ధి (Telugu script)
โทคฺธิ (Thai script)
དོ་གྡྷི (Tibetan script)
𑒠𑒼𑒑𑓂𑒡𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨛𑨆𑨍𑩇𑨜𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰéwgʰti, from *dʰewgʰ- (“to produce”). Cognate with Ancient Greek τεύχω (teúkhō), Old English dugan.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɐ́wɡ.dʱi/, [dɐ́wɡ̚.dʱi]
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d̪oːɡ.d̪ʱi/, [d̪oːɡ̚.d̪ʱi]

Verb

दोग्धि॑ • (dógdhi) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, present, root दुह्)

to milk (a cow or an udder)
1. (figurative) to take advantage of, to enjoy
2. to squeeze out, extract
3. to draw anything out of another thing (with accusative)
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda
(middle voice) to give milk

Conjugation

Present: दोग्धि॑ (dógdhi), दु॒ग्धे (dugdhé) or दु॒हे (duhé)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	दोग्धि॑ dógdhi	दु॒ग्धः dugdháḥ	दु॒हन्ति॑ duhánti	दु॒ग्धे / दु॒हे¹ dugdhé / duhé¹	दु॒हाते॑ duhā́te	दु॒हते॑ / दु॒ह॒ते² / दु॒ह्रे¹ / दु॒ह्र॒ते¹ duháte / duhaté² / duhré¹ / duhraté¹
Second	धोक्षि॑ dhókṣi	दु॒ग्धः dugdháḥ	दु॒ग्ध dugdhá	धु॒क्षे dhukṣé	दु॒हाथे॑ duhā́the	धु॒ग्ध्वे dhugdhvé
First	दोह्मि॑ dóhmi	दु॒ह्वः duhváḥ	दु॒ह्मः / दु॒ह्मसि॑¹ duhmáḥ / duhmási¹	दु॒हे duhé	दु॒ह्वहे॑ duhváhe	दु॒ह्महे॑ duhmáhe
Imperative
Third	दोग्धु॑ dógdhu	दु॒ग्धाम् dugdhā́m	दु॒हन्तु॑ duhántu	दु॒ग्धाम् / दु॒हाम्¹ / दोहताम्¹ dugdhā́m / duhā́m¹ / dohatām¹	दु॒हाता॑म् duhā́tām	दु॒हता॑म् / दु॒ह्राम्¹ / दुह्रताम्¹ duhátām / duhrā́m¹ / duhratām¹
Second	दु॒ग्धि dugdhí	दु॒ग्धम् dugdhám	दु॒ग्ध dugdhá	धु॒क्ष्व dhukṣvá	दु॒हाथा॑म् duhā́thām	धु॒ग्ध्वम् dhugdhvám
First	दोहा॑नि dóhāni	दोहा॑व dóhāva	दोहा॑म dóhāma	दोहै॑ dóhai	दोहा॑वहै dóhāvahai	दोहा॑महै dóhāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	दु॒ह्यात् duhyā́t	दु॒ह्याता॑म् duhyā́tām	दु॒ह्युः duhyúḥ	दु॒ही॒त / दु॒ही॒यत्² duhītá / duhīyát²	दु॒ही॒याता॑म् duhīyā́tām	दु॒ही॒रन् / दु॒ही॒यन्² duhīrán / duhīyán²
Second	दु॒ह्याः duhyā́ḥ	दु॒ह्यात॑म् duhyā́tam	दु॒ह्यात॑ duhyā́ta	दु॒ही॒थाः duhīthā́ḥ	दु॒ही॒याथा॑म् duhīyā́thām	दु॒ही॒ध्वम् duhīdhvám
First	दु॒ह्याम् duhyā́m	दु॒ह्याव॑ duhyā́va	दु॒ह्याम॑ duhyā́ma	दु॒ही॒य duhīyá	दु॒ही॒वहि॑ duhīváhi	दु॒ही॒महि॑ duhīmáhi
Subjunctive
Third	दोह॑त् / दोह॑ति dóhat / dóhati	दोह॑तः dóhataḥ	दोह॑न् dóhan	दोह॑ते / दोहा॑तै dóhate / dóhātai	दोहै॑ते dóhaite	दोह॑न्त / दोहा॑न्तै dóhanta / dóhāntai
Second	दोहः॑ / दोह॑सि dóhaḥ / dóhasi	दोह॑थः dóhathaḥ	दोह॑थ dóhatha	दोह॑से / दोहा॑सै dóhase / dóhāsai	दोहै॑थे dóhaithe	दोह॑ध्वे / दोहा॑ध्वै dóhadhve / dóhādhvai
First	दोहा॑नि / दोहा॑ dóhāni / dóhā	दोहा॑व dóhāva	दोहा॑म dóhāma	दोहै॑ dóhai	दोहा॑वहै dóhāvahai	दोहा॑महै dóhāmahai
Participles
	दु॒हत् duhát			दु॒हा॒न / दुहा॑न¹ / दुघा॑न² duhāná / dúhāna¹ / dúghāna²
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic ²Rigvedic

Imperfect: अधो॑क् (ádhok), अदु॑ग्ध (ádugdha) or अदु॑हत् (áduhat) or अदु॑ह (áduha)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अधो॑क् ádhok	अदु॑ग्धाम् ádugdhām	अदु॑हन् áduhan	अदु॑ग्ध / अदु॑हत्¹ / अदु॑ह² ádugdha / áduhat¹ / áduha²	अदु॑हाताम् áduhātām	अदु॑हत / अदु॑ह्रन्¹ / अदु॑ह्र² áduhata / áduhran¹ / áduhra²
Second	अधो॑क् ádhok	अदु॑ग्धम् ádugdham	अदु॑ग्ध ádugdha	अदु॑ग्धाः ádugdhāḥ	अदु॑हाथाम् áduhāthām	अधु॑ग्ध्वम् ádhugdhvam
First	अदो॑हम् ádoham	अदु॑ह्व áduhva	अदु॑ह्म áduhma	अदु॑हि áduhi	अदु॑ह्वहि áduhvahi	अदु॑ह्महि áduhmahi
Notes	¹Vedic, ²Maitrāyaṇī-Saṃhitā

The Vedic imperfect अदुहत् (áduhat) has the appearance of an active 3sg., but originates from earlier अदुह (áduha), corresponding to the mediopassive present दुहे (duhé).

Related terms

दुह् (dúh)
दुग्ध (dugdhá)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “दुह्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 489, column 1.
Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “dogh”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University