तीव्र
Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit तीव्र (tīvra). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘝𑘲𑘪𑘿𑘨 (tīvra), 𑘝𑘲𑘪𑘳𑘨 (tīvura).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t̪iʋ.ɾə/
Adjective
तीव्र • (tīvra) (indeclinable)
- severe, sharp
- intense, fierce
- (of flavours and smells) hot, piquant, biting, pungent, pervading
- (of dispositions) ardent, keen
References
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “तीव्र”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “तीव्र”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Shankar Gopal Tulpule; Anne Feldhaus (1999), “तीव्र”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- তীৱ্ৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬢᬷᬯ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
- তীব্র (Bengali script)
- 𑰝𑰱𑰪𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀢𑀻𑀯𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- တီဝြ (Burmese script)
- તીવ્ર (Gujarati script)
- ਤੀਵ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌤𑍀𑌵𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦠꦷꦮꦿ (Javanese script)
- 𑂞𑂲𑂫𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ತೀವ್ರ (Kannada script)
- តីវ្រ (Khmer script)
- ຕີວ຺ຣ (Lao script)
- തീവ്ര (Malayalam script)
- ᢠᡳᡳᠸᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘝𑘲𑘪𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᢐᠢᠢᠧᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦽𑧓𑧊𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐟𑐷𑐰𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
- ତୀଵ୍ର (Odia script)
- ꢡꢷꢮ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆠𑆵𑆮𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖝𑖱𑖪𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
- තීව්ර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩫𑩑𑩛𑩾 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚙𑚯𑚦𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
- தீவ்ர (Tamil script)
- తీవ్ర (Telugu script)
- ตีวฺร (Thai script)
- ཏཱི་ཝྲ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒞𑒲𑒫𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨙𑨁𑨊𑨭𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From an unattested *तीर्व (*tīrva), derived from either तुर्व् (turv, “to overpower, excel”) or तॄ (tṝ, “to pass across”), both from the same origin.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /tiːʋ.ɾɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /t̪iːʋ.ɾɐ/
Adjective
ती॒व्र • (tīvrá) stem
- strong, severe, violent, intense, hot, pervading, excessive, ardent, sharp, acute, pungent, horrible
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ती॒व्रः (tīvráḥ) | ती॒व्रौ (tīvráu) ती॒व्रा¹ (tīvrā́¹) |
ती॒व्राः (tīvrā́ḥ) ती॒व्रासः॑¹ (tīvrā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | ती॒व्रम् (tīvrám) | ती॒व्रौ (tīvráu) ती॒व्रा¹ (tīvrā́¹) |
ती॒व्रान् (tīvrā́n) |
| instrumental | ती॒व्रेण॑ (tīvréṇa) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रैः (tīvráiḥ) ती॒व्रेभिः॑¹ (tīvrébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | ती॒व्राय॑ (tīvrā́ya) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रेभ्यः॑ (tīvrébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ती॒व्रात् (tīvrā́t) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रेभ्यः॑ (tīvrébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ती॒व्रस्य॑ (tīvrásya) | ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्राणा॑म् (tīvrā́ṇām) |
| locative | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्रेषु॑ (tīvréṣu) |
| vocative | तीव्र॑ (tī́vra) | तीव्रौ॑ (tī́vrau) तीव्रा॑¹ (tī́vrā¹) |
तीव्राः॑ (tī́vrāḥ) तीव्रा॑सः¹ (tī́vrāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ती॒व्रा (tīvrā́) | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्राः (tīvrā́ḥ) |
| accusative | ती॒व्राम् (tīvrā́m) | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्राः (tīvrā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | ती॒व्रया॑ (tīvráyā) ती॒व्रा¹ (tīvrā́¹) |
ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्राभिः॑ (tīvrā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | ती॒व्रायै॑ (tīvrā́yai) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्राभ्यः॑ (tīvrā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ती॒व्रायाः॑ (tīvrā́yāḥ) ती॒व्रायै॑² (tīvrā́yai²) |
ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्राभ्यः॑ (tīvrā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ती॒व्रायाः॑ (tīvrā́yāḥ) ती॒व्रायै॑² (tīvrā́yai²) |
ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्राणा॑म् (tīvrā́ṇām) |
| locative | ती॒व्राया॑म् (tīvrā́yām) | ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्रासु॑ (tīvrā́su) |
| vocative | तीव्रे॑ (tī́vre) | तीव्रे॑ (tī́vre) | तीव्राः॑ (tī́vrāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ती॒व्रम् (tīvrám) | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्राणि॑ (tīvrā́ṇi) ती॒व्रा¹ (tīvrā́¹) |
| accusative | ती॒व्रम् (tīvrám) | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्राणि॑ (tīvrā́ṇi) ती॒व्रा¹ (tīvrā́¹) |
| instrumental | ती॒व्रेण॑ (tīvréṇa) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रैः (tīvráiḥ) ती॒व्रेभिः॑¹ (tīvrébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | ती॒व्राय॑ (tīvrā́ya) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रेभ्यः॑ (tīvrébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ती॒व्रात् (tīvrā́t) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रेभ्यः॑ (tīvrébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ती॒व्रस्य॑ (tīvrásya) | ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्राणा॑म् (tīvrā́ṇām) |
| locative | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्रेषु॑ (tīvréṣu) |
| vocative | तीव्र॑ (tī́vra) | तीव्रे॑ (tī́vre) | तीव्रा॑णि (tī́vrāṇi) तीव्रा॑¹ (tī́vrā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
ती॒व्र • (tīvrá) stem, m or n
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ती॒व्रः (tīvráḥ) | ती॒व्रौ (tīvráu) ती॒व्रा¹ (tīvrā́¹) |
ती॒व्राः (tīvrā́ḥ) ती॒व्रासः॑¹ (tīvrā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | ती॒व्रम् (tīvrám) | ती॒व्रौ (tīvráu) ती॒व्रा¹ (tīvrā́¹) |
ती॒व्रान् (tīvrā́n) |
| instrumental | ती॒व्रेण॑ (tīvréṇa) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रैः (tīvráiḥ) ती॒व्रेभिः॑¹ (tīvrébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | ती॒व्राय॑ (tīvrā́ya) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रेभ्यः॑ (tīvrébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ती॒व्रात् (tīvrā́t) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रेभ्यः॑ (tīvrébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ती॒व्रस्य॑ (tīvrásya) | ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्राणा॑म् (tīvrā́ṇām) |
| locative | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्रेषु॑ (tīvréṣu) |
| vocative | तीव्र॑ (tī́vra) | तीव्रौ॑ (tī́vrau) तीव्रा॑¹ (tī́vrā¹) |
तीव्राः॑ (tī́vrāḥ) तीव्रा॑सः¹ (tī́vrāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ती॒व्रम् (tīvrám) | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्राणि॑ (tīvrā́ṇi) ती॒व्रा¹ (tīvrā́¹) |
| accusative | ती॒व्रम् (tīvrám) | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्राणि॑ (tīvrā́ṇi) ती॒व्रा¹ (tīvrā́¹) |
| instrumental | ती॒व्रेण॑ (tīvréṇa) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रैः (tīvráiḥ) ती॒व्रेभिः॑¹ (tīvrébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | ती॒व्राय॑ (tīvrā́ya) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रेभ्यः॑ (tīvrébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ती॒व्रात् (tīvrā́t) | ती॒व्राभ्या॑म् (tīvrā́bhyām) | ती॒व्रेभ्यः॑ (tīvrébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ती॒व्रस्य॑ (tīvrásya) | ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्राणा॑म् (tīvrā́ṇām) |
| locative | ती॒व्रे (tīvré) | ती॒व्रयोः॑ (tīvráyoḥ) | ती॒व्रेषु॑ (tīvréṣu) |
| vocative | तीव्र॑ (tī́vra) | तीव्रे॑ (tī́vre) | तीव्रा॑णि (tī́vrāṇi) तीव्रा॑¹ (tī́vrā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “तीव्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 449/2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 650