जामातृ

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

জামাতৃ (Assamese script)
ᬚᬵᬫᬵᬢᬺ (Balinese script)
জামাতৃ (Bengali script)
𑰕𑰯𑰦𑰯𑰝𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀢𑀾 (Brahmi script)
ဇာမာတၖ (Burmese script)
જામાતૃ (Gujarati script)
ਜਾਮਾਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌜𑌾𑌮𑌾𑌤𑍃 (Grantha script)
ꦗꦴꦩꦴꦠꦽ (Javanese script)
𑂔𑂰𑂧𑂰𑂞𑃂 (Kaithi script)
ಜಾಮಾತೃ (Kannada script)
ជាមាត្ឫ (Khmer script)
ຊາມາຕ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
ജാമാതൃ (Malayalam script)
ᡯᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘕𑘰𑘦𑘰𑘝𑘵 (Modi script)
ᠽᠠᢗᠮᠠᢗᢐᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦵𑧑𑧆𑧑𑦽𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
𑐖𑐵𑐩𑐵𑐟𑐺 (Newa script)
ଜାମାତୃ (Odia script)
ꢙꢵꢪꢵꢡꢺ (Saurashtra script)
𑆘𑆳𑆩𑆳𑆠𑆸 (Sharada script)
𑖕𑖯𑖦𑖯𑖝𑖴 (Siddham script)
ජාමාතෘ (Sinhalese script)
𑩣𑩛𑩴𑩛𑩫𑩙 (Soyombo script)
𑚑𑚭𑚢𑚭𑚙 (Takri script)
ஜாமாத்ரி (Tamil script)
జామాతృ (Telugu script)
ชามาตฺฤ (Thai script)
ཛཱ་མཱ་ཏྲྀ (Tibetan script)
𑒖𑒰𑒧𑒰𑒞𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
𑨥𑨊𑨢𑨊𑨙𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ǵem-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ā́mātā

Sanskrit जामा॑तृ

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ā́mātā (“son-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵem-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (zāmātar, “son-in-law”), Persian (dâmâd), Ancient Greek γαμβρός (gambrós, “any relative by marriage”), γάμος (gámos) (whence English -gamy).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɑ́ː.mɑː.tr̩/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɑː.mɑː.t̪r̩/

Noun

जामा॑तृ • (jā́mātṛ) stem, m

a son-in-law
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.26.21:
  तव॑ वायव् ऋतस्पते॒
  त्वष्टु॑र् जामातर् अद्भुत।
  अवां॒स्य् आ वृ॑णीमहे॥
  táva vāyav ṛtaspate
  tváṣṭur jāmātar adbhuta.
  ávāṃsy ā́ vṛṇīmahe.
  Wonderful Vāyu, Lord of the Order,
  O thou who art Tvaṣṭar's son-in-law,
  Thy saving succour we elect.

Declension

Both 'a' and 'ā' occur in the strong stem:

Masculine ṛ-stem declension of जामा॑तृ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	जामा॑ता (jā́mātā)	जामा॑तरौ (jā́mātarau) जामा॑तरा¹ (jā́mātarā¹)	जामा॑तरः (jā́mātaraḥ)
accusative	जामा॑तरम् (jā́mātaram)	जामा॑तरौ (jā́mātarau) जामा॑तरा¹ (jā́mātarā¹)	जामा॑तॄन् (jā́mātṝn)
instrumental	जामा॑त्रा (jā́mātrā)	जामा॑तृभ्याम् (jā́mātṛbhyām)	जामा॑तृभिः (jā́mātṛbhiḥ)
dative	जामा॑त्रे (jā́mātre)	जामा॑तृभ्याम् (jā́mātṛbhyām)	जामा॑तृभ्यः (jā́mātṛbhyaḥ)
ablative	जामा॑तुः (jā́mātuḥ)	जामा॑तृभ्याम् (jā́mātṛbhyām)	जामा॑तृभ्यः (jā́mātṛbhyaḥ)
genitive	जामा॑तुः (jā́mātuḥ)	जामा॑त्रोः (jā́mātroḥ)	जामा॑तॄणाम् (jā́mātṝṇām)
locative	जामा॑तरि (jā́mātari)	जामा॑त्रोः (jā́mātroḥ)	जामा॑तृषु (jā́mātṛṣu)
vocative	जामा॑तः (jā́mātaḥ)	जामा॑तरौ (jā́mātarau) जामा॑तरा¹ (jā́mātarā¹)	जामा॑तरः (jā́mātaraḥ)

¹Vedic

Masculine ṛ-stem declension of जामा॑तृ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	जामा॑ता (jā́mātā)	जामा॑तारौ (jā́mātārau) जामा॑तारा¹ (jā́mātārā¹)	जामा॑तारः (jā́mātāraḥ)
accusative	जामा॑तारम् (jā́mātāram)	जामा॑तारौ (jā́mātārau) जामा॑तारा¹ (jā́mātārā¹)	जामा॑तॄन् (jā́mātṝn)
instrumental	जामा॑त्रा (jā́mātrā)	जामा॑तृभ्याम् (jā́mātṛbhyām)	जामा॑तृभिः (jā́mātṛbhiḥ)
dative	जामा॑त्रे (jā́mātre)	जामा॑तृभ्याम् (jā́mātṛbhyām)	जामा॑तृभ्यः (jā́mātṛbhyaḥ)
ablative	जामा॑तुः (jā́mātuḥ)	जामा॑तृभ्याम् (jā́mātṛbhyām)	जामा॑तृभ्यः (jā́mātṛbhyaḥ)
genitive	जामा॑तुः (jā́mātuḥ)	जामा॑त्रोः (jā́mātroḥ)	जामा॑तॄणाम् (jā́mātṝṇām)
locative	जामा॑तरि (jā́mātari)	जामा॑त्रोः (jā́mātroḥ)	जामा॑तृषु (jā́mātṛṣu)
vocative	जामा॑तः (jā́mātaḥ)	जामा॑तारौ (jā́mātārau) जामा॑तारा¹ (jā́mātārā¹)	जामा॑तारः (jā́mātāraḥ)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kalasha: ǰamów
- Kashmiri: زامتُر (zāmtur)
- Khowar: جَمار (jamaár)
- Shinaic:
  - Kohistani Shina: jamc̣ó
Helu Prakrit:
- Dhivehi: ދަނބި (daᵐbi)
Khasa Prakrit:
- Nepali: ज्वाइँ (jwāĩ)
Magadhi Prakrit:
- Bengali-Assamese:
  - Early Assamese: জমাই (jomai)
    - Assamese: জোঁৱাই (zü̃ai)
  - Bengali: জামাই (jamai)
  - Kamta: জাঙৈ (zaṅoi)
  - Sylheti: ꠎꠣꠝꠣꠁ (zamai), ꠎꠥꠀꠁ (zuai)
- Odia: ଜ୍ୱାଇଁ (jwāĩ)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅 (jāmāua)
- *𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀅 ~ * 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀺𑀅 (*jāmāia ~ * jāmādia)
  - Gujarati: જમાઈ (jamāī)
  - Hindustani: jamāī, jãvāī
    Hindi: जमाई, जँवाई
    Urdu: جَمائی (jamāī), جَن٘وائی (jãvāī)
  - Nepali: ज्वाइँ (jwāĩ)
  - Konkani: jā̃vãy
    Devanagari script: जांवंय
    Kannada script: ಜಾಂವಂಯ್
    Latin script: zanvoim
  - Old Marathi:
    Devanagari script: जावाइ (jāvāi), जावाई (jāvāī)
    Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘪𑘰𑘃 (jāvāī)
    - Marathi: जावई (jāvaī)
  - Odia: ଜ୍ୱାଇଁ (jwāĩ)
- 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀬 (jāmāuya) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼𑀅 (jāmādua) — Śaurasenī
Paisaci Prakrit:
- Takka Apabhramsa:
  - Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਜਵਾਈ (javāī)
    
    Shahmukhi script: جَوائی
- Vracada Apabhramsa:
  - Sindhi:
    Arabic script: ڄاٽرو (j̄āṭro)
    
    Devanagari script: ॼाट्रो
Pali: jāmātu
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼𑀅 (jāmādua)
- Gurjara Apabhramsa:
  - Old Gujarati: जमाई (jamāī)
    - Gujaratic:
      - Middle Gujarati: जमाई
        Gujarati: જમાઈ (jamāī)
      - Saurashtra: ꢙꣁꢪꣀ (jomai)
    - Rajasthani:
      - Gojri: جمائی
      - Marwari: जमाई (jamāī)
- Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
  - Hindustani:
    Hindi: जँवाई (jãvāī), जमाई (jamāī)
    
    Urdu: جنوائی (jnvāī), جمائی
- Romani: ʒamutro

References

Monier Williams (1899), “जामातृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0419.