जगार
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- জগাৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬚᬕᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
- জগার (Bengali script)
- 𑰕𑰐𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀚𑀕𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- ဇဂါရ (Burmese script)
- જગાર (Gujarati script)
- ਜਗਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌜𑌗𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦗꦒꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂔𑂏𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಜಗಾರ (Kannada script)
- ជគារ (Khmer script)
- ຊຄາຣ (Lao script)
- ജഗാര (Malayalam script)
- ᡯᠠᡤᠠ᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘕𑘐𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠽᠠᠺᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦵𑦰𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐖𑐐𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
- ଜଗାର (Odia script)
- ꢙꢔꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆘𑆓𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖕𑖐𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
- ජගාර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩣𑩞𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚑𑚌𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
- ஜக³ார (Tamil script)
- జగార (Telugu script)
- ชคาร (Thai script)
- ཛ་གཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒖𑒑𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨥𑨍𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /d͡ʑɐ.ɡɑ́ː.ɾɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /d͡ʑɐ.ɡɑː.ɾɐ/
Etymology 1
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“to express apporval; praise”).
Verb
ज॒गार॑ • (jagā́ra) third-singular indicative (type P, perfect, root गॄ)
- perfect of गॄ (gṝ, “to invoke”)
Conjugation
| Perfect: ज॒गार॑ (jagā́ra) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active | Mediopassive | ||||||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
| Indicative | |||||||
| Third | ज॒गार॑ jagā́ra |
ज॒ग्रतुः॑ jagrátuḥ |
ज॒ग्रुः jagrúḥ |
- - |
- - |
- - | |
| Second | ज॒गर्थ॑ / ज॒गरि॑थ jagártha / jagáritha |
ज॒ग्रथुः॑ jagráthuḥ |
ज॒ग्र jagrá |
- - |
- - |
- - | |
| First | ज॒गर॑ / ज॒गार॑¹ jagára / jagā́ra¹ |
ज॒ग्रि॒व jagrivá |
ज॒ग्रि॒म jagrimá |
- - |
- - |
- - | |
| Participles | |||||||
| ज॒गृ॒वांस् jagṛvā́ṃs |
- - | ||||||
| Notes |
| ||||||
The Rigveda has the 3sg.opt.act. जुगुर्यात् (juguryā́t) and the 3sg.subj.act. जुगुरत् (jugurat).
References
- Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2000), Das Perfekt im Indoiranischen (in German), Wiesbaden: Reichert, pages 194-6
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷe-gʷórh₃-e ~ *gʷe-gʷr̥h₃-ḗr, from *gʷerh₃- (“to swallow”).
Verb
ज॒गार॑ • (jagā́ra) third-singular indicative (type P, perfect, root गॄ)
- perfect of गॄ (gṝ, “to swallow”)
Conjugation
| Perfect: ज॒गार॑ (jagā́ra) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active | Mediopassive | ||||||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
| Indicative | |||||||
| Third | ज॒गार॑ jagā́ra |
ज॒ग्रतुः॑ jagrátuḥ |
ज॒ग्रुः jagrúḥ |
- - |
- - |
- - | |
| Second | ज॒गर्थ॑ / ज॒गरि॑थ jagártha / jagáritha |
ज॒ग्रथुः॑ jagráthuḥ |
ज॒ग्र jagrá |
- - |
- - |
- - | |
| First | ज॒गर॑ / ज॒गार॑¹ jagára / jagā́ra¹ |
ज॒ग्रि॒व jagrivá |
ज॒ग्रि॒म jagrimá |
- - |
- - |
- - | |
| Participles | |||||||
| ज॒गृ॒वांस् jagṛvā́ṃs |
- - | ||||||
| Notes |
| ||||||
References
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 211
- Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2000), Das Perfekt im Indoiranischen (in German), Wiesbaden: Reichert, page 160