गृभ्णाति

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

गृ॒ह्णाति॑ (gṛhṇā́ti)

Alternative scripts

গৃভ্ণাতি (Assamese script)
ᬕᬺᬪ᭄ᬡᬵᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
গৃভ্ণাতি (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰴𑰥𑰿𑰜𑰯𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀾𑀪𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ဂၖဘ္ဏာတိ (Burmese script)
ગૃભ્ણાતિ (Gujarati script)
ਗ੍ਰਭ੍ਣਾਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑍃𑌭𑍍𑌣𑌾𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦽꦨ꧀ꦟꦴꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑃂𑂦𑂹𑂝𑂰𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಗೃಭ್ಣಾತಿ (Kannada script)
គ្ឫភ្ណាតិ (Khmer script)
ຄ຺ຣິຠ຺ຓາຕິ (Lao script)
ഗൃഭ്ണാതി (Malayalam script)
ᡤᡵᡳᢨᢏᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘵𑘥𑘿𑘜𑘰𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠺᠷᠢᠪᠾᢏᠠᢗᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑧖𑧅𑧠𑦼𑧑𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐺𑐨𑑂𑐞𑐵𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଗୃଭ୍ଣାତି (Odia script)
ꢔꢺꢩ꣄ꢠꢵꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆸𑆨𑇀𑆟𑆳𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖴𑖥𑖿𑖜𑖯𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
ගෘභ‍්ණාති (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩙𑩳 𑪙𑩪𑩛𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚡𑚶𑚘𑚭𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
க்³ரிப்⁴ணாதி (Tamil script)
గృభ్ణాతి (Telugu script)
คฺฤภฺณาติ (Thai script)
གྲྀ་བྷྞཱ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒵𑒦𑓂𑒝𑒰𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨼𑨉𑨡𑩇𑨘𑨊𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *-né-

Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥bnéh₂ti

Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥bʰnáHti

Sanskrit गृ॒भ्णाति॑

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥bʰnáHti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥bnéh₂ti (“to seize, snatch, grab”), from *gʰrebh₂- + *-né-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (gər^əβnāⁱti, “to seize”), Macedonian грабне (grabne, “to snatch”), Middle Low German grabben. Compare also English grab, a borrowing from Middle Low German.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡr̩bʱ.ɳɑ́ː.ti/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡr̩bʱ.ɳɑː.t̪i/

Verb

गृ॒भ्णाति॑ • (gṛbhṇā́ti) third-singular indicative (class 9, type P, root ग्रभ्)

to seize
to take by the hand

Conjugation

Present: गृ॒भ्णाति॑ (gṛbhṇā́ti), गृ॒भ्णी॒ते (gṛbhṇīté)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गृ॒भ्णाति॑ gṛbhṇā́ti	गृ॒भ्णी॒तः gṛbhṇītáḥ	गृ॒भ्णन्ति॑ gṛbhṇánti	गृ॒भ्णी॒ते gṛbhṇīté	गृ॒भ्णाते॑ gṛbhṇā́te	गृ॒भ्णते॑ gṛbhṇáte
Second	गृ॒भ्णासि॑ gṛbhṇā́si	गृ॒भ्णी॒थः gṛbhṇītháḥ	गृ॒भ्णी॒थ gṛbhṇīthá	गृ॒भ्णी॒षे gṛbhṇīṣé	गृ॒भ्णाथे॑ gṛbhṇā́the	गृ॒भ्णी॒ध्वे gṛbhṇīdhvé
First	गृ॒भ्णामि॑ gṛbhṇā́mi	गृ॒भ्णी॒वः gṛbhṇīváḥ	गृ॒भ्णी॒मः / गृ॒भ्णी॒मसि॑¹ gṛbhṇīmáḥ / gṛbhṇīmási¹	गृ॒भ्णे gṛbhṇé	गृ॒भ्णी॒वहे॑ gṛbhṇīváhe	गृ॒भ्णी॒महे॑ gṛbhṇīmáhe
Imperative
Third	गृ॒भ्णातु॑ gṛbhṇā́tu	गृ॒भ्णी॒ताम् gṛbhṇītā́m	गृ॒भ्णन्तु॑ gṛbhṇántu	गृ॒भ्णी॒ताम् gṛbhṇītā́m	गृ॒भ्णाता॑म् gṛbhṇā́tām	गृ॒भ्णता॑म् gṛbhṇátām
Second	गृ॒भा॒ण gṛbhāṇá	गृ॒भ्णी॒तम् gṛbhṇītám	गृ॒भ्णी॒त gṛbhṇītá	गृ॒भ्णी॒ष्व gṛbhṇīṣvá	गृ॒भ्णाथा॑म् gṛbhṇā́thām	गृ॒भ्णी॒ध्वम् gṛbhṇīdhvám
First	गृ॒भ्णानि॑ gṛbhṇā́ni	गृ॒भ्णाव॑ gṛbhṇā́va	गृ॒भ्णाम॑ gṛbhṇā́ma	गृ॒भ्णै gṛbhṇái	गृ॒भ्णाव॑है gṛbhṇā́vahai	गृ॒भ्णाम॑है gṛbhṇā́mahai
Optative/Potential
Third	गृ॒भ्णी॒यात् gṛbhṇīyā́t	गृ॒भ्णी॒याता॑म् gṛbhṇīyā́tām	गृ॒भ्णी॒युः gṛbhṇīyúḥ	गृ॒भ्णी॒त gṛbhṇītá	गृ॒भ्णी॒याता॑म् gṛbhṇīyā́tām	गृ॒भ्णी॒रन् gṛbhṇīrán
Second	गृ॒भ्णी॒याः gṛbhṇīyā́ḥ	गृ॒भ्णी॒यात॑म् gṛbhṇīyā́tam	गृ॒भ्णी॒यात॑ gṛbhṇīyā́ta	गृ॒भ्णी॒थाः gṛbhṇīthā́ḥ	गृ॒भ्णी॒याथा॑म् gṛbhṇīyā́thām	गृ॒भ्णी॒ध्वम् gṛbhṇīdhvám
First	गृ॒भ्णी॒याम् gṛbhṇīyā́m	गृ॒भ्णी॒याव॑ gṛbhṇīyā́va	गृ॒भ्णी॒याम॑ gṛbhṇīyā́ma	गृ॒भ्णी॒य gṛbhṇīyá	गृ॒भ्णी॒वहि॑ gṛbhṇīváhi	गृ॒भ्णी॒महि॑ gṛbhṇīmáhi
Subjunctive
Third	गृ॒भ्णात् / गृ॒भ्णाति॑ gṛbhṇā́t / gṛbhṇā́ti	गृ॒भ्णातः॑ gṛbhṇā́taḥ	गृ॒भ्णान् gṛbhṇā́n	गृ॒भ्णाते॑ / गृ॒भ्णातै॑ gṛbhṇā́te / gṛbhṇā́tai	गृ॒भ्णैते॑ gṛbhṇáite	गृ॒भ्णान्त॑ / गृ॒भ्णान्तै॑ gṛbhṇā́nta / gṛbhṇā́ntai
Second	गृ॒भ्णाः / गृ॒भ्णासि॑ gṛbhṇā́ḥ / gṛbhṇā́si	गृ॒भ्णाथः॑ gṛbhṇā́thaḥ	गृ॒भ्णाथ॑ gṛbhṇā́tha	गृ॒भ्णासे॑ / गृ॒भ्णासै॑ gṛbhṇā́se / gṛbhṇā́sai	गृ॒भ्णैथे॑ gṛbhṇáithe	गृ॒भ्णाध्वे॑ / गृ॒भ्णाध्वै॑ gṛbhṇā́dhve / gṛbhṇā́dhvai
First	गृ॒भ्णानि॑ / गृ॒भ्णा gṛbhṇā́ni / gṛbhṇā́	गृ॒भ्णाव॑ gṛbhṇā́va	गृ॒भ्णाम॑ gṛbhṇā́ma	गृ॒भ्णै gṛbhṇái	गृ॒भ्णाव॑है gṛbhṇā́vahai	गृ॒भ्णाम॑है gṛbhṇā́mahai
Participles
	गृ॒भ्णत् gṛbhṇát			गृ॒भ्णा॒न gṛbhṇāná
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अगृ॑भ्णात् (ágṛbhṇāt), अगृ॑भ्णीत (ágṛbhṇīta)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अगृ॑भ्णात् ágṛbhṇāt	अगृ॑भ्णीताम् ágṛbhṇītām	अगृ॑भ्णन् ágṛbhṇan	अगृ॑भ्णीत ágṛbhṇīta	अगृ॑भ्णाताम् ágṛbhṇātām	अगृ॑भ्णत ágṛbhṇata
Second	अगृ॑भ्णाः ágṛbhṇāḥ	अगृ॑भ्णीतम् ágṛbhṇītam	अगृ॑भ्णीत ágṛbhṇīta	अगृ॑भ्णीथाः ágṛbhṇīthāḥ	अगृ॑भ्णाथाम् ágṛbhṇāthām	अगृ॑भ्णीध्वम् ágṛbhṇīdhvam
First	अगृ॑भ्णाम् ágṛbhṇām	अगृ॑भ्णीव ágṛbhṇīva	अगृ॑भ्णीम ágṛbhṇīma	अगृ॑भ्णि ágṛbhṇi	अगृ॑भ्णीवहि ágṛbhṇīvahi	अगृ॑भ्णीमहि ágṛbhṇīmahi

References

Monier Williams (1899), “गृभ्णाति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 371, column 2.