गाथा

See also: गाथ and गूथ

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit गाथा (gāthā).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɡɑː.t̪ʰɑː/, [ɡäː.t̪ʰäː]

Noun

गाथा • (gāthā) f

tale, story, narrative
legend, saga, epic
(Hinduism) gatha, a poem or mantra
(Zoroastrianism) Gatha, any of the 17 hymns included in the Avesta.

Declension

Declension of *गाथा* (fem ā-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	गाथा gāthā	गाथाएँ gāthāẽ
oblique	गाथा gāthā	गाथाओं gāthāõ
vocative	गाथा gāthā	गाथाओ gāthāo

References

Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “गाथा”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 1270
Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “गाथा”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 175
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “गाथा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 263

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

gāthā (Latin script)
𑀕𑀸𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
গাথা (Bengali script)
ගාථා (Sinhalese script)
ဂါထာ or ၷႃထႃ (Burmese script)
คาถา (Thai script)
ᨣᩤᨳᩣ (Tai Tham script)
ຄາຖາ (Lao script)
គាថា (Khmer script)
𑄉𑄂𑄗𑄂 (Chakma script)

Noun

गाथा f

Devanagari script form of gāthā

Declension

Declension table of "गाथा" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	गाथा (gāthā)	गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā)
Accusative (second)	गाथं (gāthaṃ)	गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā)
Instrumental (third)	गाथाय (gāthāya)	गाथाहि (gāthāhi) or गाथाभि (gāthābhi)
Dative (fourth)	गाथाय (gāthāya)	गाथानं (gāthānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	गाथाय (gāthāya)	गाथाहि (gāthāhi) or गाथाभि (gāthābhi)
Genitive (sixth)	गाथाय (gāthāya)	गाथानं (gāthānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	गाथाय (gāthāya) or गाथायं (gāthāyaṃ)	गाथासु (gāthāsu)
Vocative (calling)	गाथे (gāthe)	गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

गाथ (gāthá)

Alternative scripts

গাথা (Assamese script)
ᬕᬵᬣᬵ (Balinese script)
গাথা (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰯𑰞𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀸𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
ဂါထာ (Burmese script)
ગાથા (Gujarati script)
ਗਾਥਾ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑌾𑌥𑌾 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦴꦡꦴ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑂰𑂟𑂰 (Kaithi script)
ಗಾಥಾ (Kannada script)
គាថា (Khmer script)
ຄາຖາ (Lao script)
ഗാഥാ (Malayalam script)
ᡤᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘰𑘞𑘰 (Modi script)
ᠺᠠᢗᠲᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑧑𑦾𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐵𑐠𑐵 (Newa script)
ଗାଥା (Odia script)
ꢔꢵꢢꢵ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆳𑆡𑆳 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖯𑖞𑖯 (Siddham script)
ගාථා (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩛𑩬𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚭𑚚𑚭 (Takri script)
க³ாத²ா (Tamil script)
గాథా (Telugu script)
คาถา (Thai script)
གཱ་ཐཱ (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒰𑒟𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨊𑨚𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gáHtʰaH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gáHtʰaH. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁 (gāθā, “form of strophe, metre, namely the collections of Zarathustra's songs”). The same PII root *gaH- gave the Sanskrit verb गायति (gāyati, “to sing”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɑ́ː.tʰɑː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡɑː.t̪ʰɑː/

Noun

गाथा॑ • (gā́thā) stem, f (root गै)

verse, stanza (especially one which is neither ऋच् (ṛc), nor सामन् (sāman), nor यजुस् (yajus), a verse not belonging to the Vedas, but to the epic poetry of legends or आख्यान (ākhyāna)s, such as the Śunaḥśepa-ākhyāna or the Suparṇādhyāya)
the metrical part of a sūtra
name of the āryā metre
any metre not enumerated in the regular treatises on prosody (compare ऋग्गाथा (ṛg-gāthā), ऋजुगाथ (ṛju-gātha), यज्ञगाथा (yajña-gāthā))

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of गाथा॑
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	गाथा॑ (gā́thā)	गाथे॑ (gā́the)	गाथाः॑ (gā́thāḥ)
accusative	गाथा॑म् (gā́thām)	गाथे॑ (gā́the)	गाथाः॑ (gā́thāḥ)
instrumental	गाथ॑या (gā́thayā) गाथा॑¹ (gā́thā¹)	गाथा॑भ्याम् (gā́thābhyām)	गाथा॑भिः (gā́thābhiḥ)
dative	गाथा॑यै (gā́thāyai)	गाथा॑भ्याम् (gā́thābhyām)	गाथा॑भ्यः (gā́thābhyaḥ)
ablative	गाथा॑याः (gā́thāyāḥ) गाथा॑यै² (gā́thāyai²)	गाथा॑भ्याम् (gā́thābhyām)	गाथा॑भ्यः (gā́thābhyaḥ)
genitive	गाथा॑याः (gā́thāyāḥ) गाथा॑यै² (gā́thāyai²)	गाथ॑योः (gā́thayoḥ)	गाथा॑नाम् (gā́thānām)
locative	गाथा॑याम् (gā́thāyām)	गाथ॑योः (gā́thayoḥ)	गाथा॑सु (gā́thāsu)
vocative	गाथे॑ (gā́the)	गाथे॑ (gā́the)	गाथाः॑ (gā́thāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Related terms

गाथ (gāthá)
गाथिन् (gāthín)

Descendants

Assamese: গাথা (gatha)
Bengali: গাথা (gatha)
Hindi: गाथा (gāthā)
Kalasha: ghọ̃
Marathi: गाथा (gāthā)
Odia: ଗାଥା (gāthā)
Pali: gāthā
Punjabi: ਗਾਥਾ (gāthā)
→ Malayalam: ഗാഥ (gātha)
→ Telugu: గాథ (gātha)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “गाथा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 352, column 2.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 484