ऋतप्सु
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- ঋতপ্সু (Assamese script)
- ᬋᬢᬧ᭄ᬲᬸ (Balinese script)
- ঋতপ্সু (Bengali script)
- 𑰆𑰝𑰢𑰿𑰭𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀋𑀢𑀧𑁆𑀲𑀼 (Brahmi script)
- ၒတပ္သု (Burmese script)
- ઋતપ્સુ (Gujarati script)
- ਰਤਪ੍ਸੁ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌋𑌤𑌪𑍍𑌸𑍁 (Grantha script)
- ꦉꦠꦥ꧀ꦱꦸ (Javanese script)
- 𑂩𑂱𑂞𑂣𑂹𑂮𑂳 (Kaithi script)
- ಋತಪ್ಸು (Kannada script)
- ឫតប្សុ (Khmer script)
- ຣິຕປ຺ສຸ (Lao script)
- ഋതപ്സു (Malayalam script)
- ᡵᡳᢠᠠᢒᠰ᠌ᡠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘆𑘝𑘢𑘿𑘭𑘳 (Modi script)
- ᠷᠢᢐᠠᢒᠰᠤ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦦𑦽𑧂𑧠𑧍𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐆𑐟𑐥𑑂𑐳𑐸 (Newa script)
- ଋତପ୍ସୁ (Odia script)
- ꢈꢡꢦ꣄ꢱꢸ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆉𑆠𑆥𑇀𑆱𑆶 (Sharada script)
- 𑖆𑖝𑖢𑖿𑖭𑖲 (Siddham script)
- ඍතප්සු (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩙𑩫𑩰 𑪙𑪁𑩒 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚙𑚞𑚶𑚨𑚰 (Takri script)
- ரிதப்ஸு (Tamil script)
- ఋతప్సు (Telugu script)
- ฤตปฺสุ (Thai script)
- རྀ་ཏ་པྶུ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒇𑒞𑒣𑓂𑒮𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨫𑨉𑨙𑨞𑩇𑨰𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Bahuvrīhi compound of ऋत (ṛtá, “truth”) + प्सु (psu, “appearance”)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /r̩.tɐ́p.su/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /r̩.t̪ɐp.s̪u/
Adjective
ऋ॒तप्सु॑ • (ṛtápsu) stem(Vedic religion)
- one whose appearance is truth
- one who consumes the sacrificial food
- (in the dual) epithet of the Aśvins
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.180.3:
- यु॒वं पय॑ उ॒स्रिया॑यामधत्तं प॒क्वमा॒माया॒मव॒ पूर्व्यं॒ गोः ।
अ॒न्तर्यद्व॒निनो॑ वाम्ऋतप्सू ह्वा॒रो न शुचि॒र्यज॑ते ह॒विष्मा॑न् ॥- yuváṃ páya usríyāyāmadhattaṃ pakvámāmā́yāmáva pū́rvyaṃ góḥ.
antáryádvaníno vāmṛtapsū hvāró ná śúciryájate havíṣmān.
- 1896 translation by Ralph T. H. Griffith
- Ye have deposited, matured within her, in the raw cow the first milk of the milch-cow,
Which the bright offerer, shining like a serpent mid trees, presents to you whose form is perfect.
- Ye have deposited, matured within her, in the raw cow the first milk of the milch-cow,
- yuváṃ páya usríyāyāmadhattaṃ pakvámāmā́yāmáva pū́rvyaṃ góḥ.
- यु॒वं पय॑ उ॒स्रिया॑यामधत्तं प॒क्वमा॒माया॒मव॒ पूर्व्यं॒ गोः ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ऋ॒तप्सुः॑ (ṛtápsuḥ) | ऋ॒तप्सू॑ (ṛtápsū) | ऋ॒तप्स॑वः (ṛtápsavaḥ) |
| accusative | ऋ॒तप्सु॑म् (ṛtápsum) | ऋ॒तप्सू॑ (ṛtápsū) | ऋ॒तप्सू॑न् (ṛtápsūn) |
| instrumental | ऋ॒तप्सु॑ना (ṛtápsunā) ऋ॒तप्स्वा॑¹ (ṛtápsvā¹) |
ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्याम् (ṛtápsubhyām) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भिः (ṛtápsubhiḥ) |
| dative | ऋ॒तप्स॑वे (ṛtápsave) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्याम् (ṛtápsubhyām) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्यः (ṛtápsubhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ऋ॒तप्सोः॑ (ṛtápsoḥ) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्याम् (ṛtápsubhyām) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्यः (ṛtápsubhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ऋ॒तप्सोः॑ (ṛtápsoḥ) | ऋ॒तप्स्वोः॑ (ṛtápsvoḥ) | ऋ॒तप्सू॑नाम् (ṛtápsūnām) |
| locative | ऋ॒तप्सौ॑ (ṛtápsau) | ऋ॒तप्स्वोः॑ (ṛtápsvoḥ) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑षु (ṛtápsuṣu) |
| vocative | ऋत॑प्सो (ṛ́tapso) | ऋत॑प्सू (ṛ́tapsū) | ऋत॑प्सवः (ṛ́tapsavaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ऋ॒तप्सुः॑ (ṛtápsuḥ) | ऋ॒तप्सू॑ (ṛtápsū) | ऋ॒तप्स॑वः (ṛtápsavaḥ) |
| accusative | ऋ॒तप्सु॑म् (ṛtápsum) | ऋ॒तप्सू॑ (ṛtápsū) | ऋ॒तप्सूः॑ (ṛtápsūḥ) |
| instrumental | ऋ॒तप्स्वा॑ (ṛtápsvā) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्याम् (ṛtápsubhyām) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भिः (ṛtápsubhiḥ) |
| dative | ऋ॒तप्स॑वे (ṛtápsave) ऋ॒तप्स्वै॑¹ (ṛtápsvai¹) |
ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्याम् (ṛtápsubhyām) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्यः (ṛtápsubhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ऋ॒तप्सोः॑ (ṛtápsoḥ) ऋ॒तप्स्वाः॑¹ (ṛtápsvāḥ¹) ऋ॒तप्स्वै॑² (ṛtápsvai²) |
ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्याम् (ṛtápsubhyām) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्यः (ṛtápsubhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ऋ॒तप्सोः॑ (ṛtápsoḥ) ऋ॒तप्स्वाः॑¹ (ṛtápsvāḥ¹) ऋ॒तप्स्वै॑² (ṛtápsvai²) |
ऋ॒तप्स्वोः॑ (ṛtápsvoḥ) | ऋ॒तप्सू॑नाम् (ṛtápsūnām) |
| locative | ऋ॒तप्सौ॑ (ṛtápsau) ऋ॒तप्स्वा॑म्¹ (ṛtápsvām¹) |
ऋ॒तप्स्वोः॑ (ṛtápsvoḥ) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑षु (ṛtápsuṣu) |
| vocative | ऋत॑प्सो (ṛ́tapso) | ऋत॑प्सू (ṛ́tapsū) | ऋत॑प्सवः (ṛ́tapsavaḥ) |
- ¹Later Sanskrit
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ऋ॒तप्सु॑ (ṛtápsu) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑नी (ṛtápsunī) | ऋ॒तप्सू॑नि (ṛtápsūni) ऋ॒तप्सु॑¹ (ṛtápsu¹) ऋ॒तप्सू॑¹ (ṛtápsū¹) |
| accusative | ऋ॒तप्सु॑ (ṛtápsu) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑नी (ṛtápsunī) | ऋ॒तप्सू॑नि (ṛtápsūni) ऋ॒तप्सु॑¹ (ṛtápsu¹) ऋ॒तप्सू॑¹ (ṛtápsū¹) |
| instrumental | ऋ॒तप्सु॑ना (ṛtápsunā) ऋ॒तप्स्वा॑¹ (ṛtápsvā¹) |
ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्याम् (ṛtápsubhyām) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भिः (ṛtápsubhiḥ) |
| dative | ऋ॒तप्सु॑ने (ṛtápsune) ऋ॒तप्स॑वे (ṛtápsave) |
ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्याम् (ṛtápsubhyām) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्यः (ṛtápsubhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ऋ॒तप्सु॑नः (ṛtápsunaḥ) ऋ॒तप्सोः॑ (ṛtápsoḥ) |
ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्याम् (ṛtápsubhyām) | ऋ॒तप्सु॑भ्यः (ṛtápsubhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ऋ॒तप्सु॑नः (ṛtápsunaḥ) ऋ॒तप्सोः॑ (ṛtápsoḥ) |
ऋ॒तप्सु॑नोः (ṛtápsunoḥ) ऋ॒तप्स्वोः॑ (ṛtápsvoḥ) |
ऋ॒तप्सू॑नाम् (ṛtápsūnām) |
| locative | ऋ॒तप्सु॑नि (ṛtápsuni) ऋ॒तप्सौ॑ (ṛtápsau) |
ऋ॒तप्सु॑नोः (ṛtápsunoḥ) ऋ॒तप्स्वोः॑ (ṛtápsvoḥ) |
ऋ॒तप्सु॑षु (ṛtápsuṣu) |
| vocative | ऋत॑प्सु (ṛ́tapsu) ऋत॑प्सो (ṛ́tapso) |
ऋत॑प्सुनी (ṛ́tapsunī) | ऋत॑प्सूनि (ṛ́tapsūni) ऋत॑प्सु¹ (ṛ́tapsu¹) ऋत॑प्सू¹ (ṛ́tapsū¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “ऋतप्सु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 223, column 3.