उदन्
See also: उदान
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- উদন্ (Assamese script)
- ᬉᬤᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
- উদন্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰄𑰟𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀉𑀤𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ဥဒန် (Burmese script)
- ઉદન્ (Gujarati script)
- ਉਦਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌉𑌦𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦈꦢꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂇𑂠𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಉದೝ (Kannada script)
- ឧទន៑ (Khmer script)
- ອຸທນ຺ (Lao script)
- ഉദന് (Malayalam script)
- ᡠᡩᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
- 𑘄𑘟𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠤᢑᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦤𑦿𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐄𑐡𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଉଦନ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢆꢣꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆇𑆢𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖄𑖟𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
- උදන් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩒𑩭𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚄𑚛𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
- உத³ந் (Tamil script)
- ఉదౝ (Telugu script)
- อุทนฺ (Thai script)
- ཨུ་ད་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒅𑒠𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨃𑨛𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáH-r̥ ~ *ud-ná-s, from Proto-Indo-European *wód-r̥ ~ *ud-né-s, from *wed- + *-r̥. Cognate with Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”), Latin unda, Hittite 𒉿𒀀𒋻 (wa-a-tar), Old Church Slavonic вода (voda), Old English wæter (whence English water). See also उदक (udaka), वार् (vār).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /u.dɐ́n/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /u.d̪ɐn̪/
Noun
उ॒दन्॑ • (udán) stem, n
- water
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.65.4:
- आ नो॑ मित्रावरुणा ह॒व्यजु॑ष्टिं घृ॒तैर् गव्यू॑तिम् उक्षत॒म् इळा॑भिः ।
प्रति॑ वा॒म् अत्र॒ वर॒म् आ जना॑य पृणी॒तम् उ॒द्नो दि॒व्यस्य॒ चारोः॑ ॥- ā́ no mitrāvaruṇā havyájuṣṭiṃ ghṛtáir gávyūtim ukṣatam íḷābhiḥ.
práti vām átra váram ā́ jánāya pṛṇītám udnó divyásya cā́roḥ. - Come, taste our offering, Varuṇa and Mitra: bedew our pasture with sweet food and fatness.
Pour down in plenty here upon the people the choicest of your fair celestial water.
- ā́ no mitrāvaruṇā havyájuṣṭiṃ ghṛtáir gávyūtim ukṣatam íḷābhiḥ.
- आ नो॑ मित्रावरुणा ह॒व्यजु॑ष्टिं घृ॒तैर् गव्यू॑तिम् उक्षत॒म् इळा॑भिः ।
- wave
Usage notes
In the Rigveda, the nom./acc.sg. is suppleted by वार् (vā́r).
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | उ॒द (udá) | उ॒द्नी (udnī́) उ॒दनी॑ (udánī) |
उ॒दानि॑ (udā́ni) उ॒द¹ (udá¹) उ॒दा¹ (udā́¹) |
| accusative | उ॒द (udá) | उ॒द्नी (udnī́) उ॒दनी॑ (udánī) |
उ॒दानि॑ (udā́ni) उ॒द¹ (udá¹) उ॒दा¹ (udā́¹) |
| instrumental | उ॒द्ना (udnā́) | उ॒दभ्या॑म् (udábhyām) | उ॒दभिः॑ (udábhiḥ) |
| dative | उ॒द्ने (udné) | उ॒दभ्या॑म् (udábhyām) | उ॒दभ्यः॑ (udábhyaḥ) |
| ablative | उ॒द्नः (udnáḥ) | उ॒दभ्या॑म् (udábhyām) | उ॒दभ्यः॑ (udábhyaḥ) |
| genitive | उ॒द्नः (udnáḥ) | उ॒द्नोः (udnóḥ) | उ॒द्नाम् (udnā́m) |
| locative | उ॒द्नि (udní) उ॒दनि॑ (udáni) उ॒दन्¹ (udán¹) |
उ॒द्नोः (udnóḥ) | उ॒दसु॑ (udásu) |
| vocative | उद॑न् (údan) उद॑ (úda) |
उद्नी॑ (údnī) उद॑नी (údanī) |
उदा॑नि (údāni) उद॑¹ (úda¹) उदा॑¹ (údā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- उदक (udaka)
Descendants
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri: اودُر (ōdur, “wet”)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “उदन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 183, column 3.
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2013), “The Vedic Paradigm for ‘water’”, in Adam Cooper, Jeremy Rau, and Michael Weiss, editors, Multi Nominis Grammaticus: Studies in Classical and Indo-European Linguistics in Honor Of Alan J. Nussbaum, on the Occasion of His Sixty-fifth Birthday, Beech Stave Press, →ISBN