उज्जयिनी

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

উজ্জয়িনী (Assamese script)
ᬉᬚ᭄ᬚᬬᬶᬦᬷ (Balinese script)
উজ্জয়িনী (Bengali script)
𑰄𑰕𑰿𑰕𑰧𑰰𑰡𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀬𑀺𑀦𑀻 (Brahmi script)
ဥဇ္ဇယိနီ (Burmese script)
ઉજ્જયિની (Gujarati script)
ਉਜ੍ਜਯਿਨੀ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌉𑌜𑍍𑌜𑌯𑌿𑌨𑍀 (Grantha script)
ꦈꦗ꧀ꦗꦪꦶꦤꦷ (Javanese script)
𑂇𑂔𑂹𑂔𑂨𑂱𑂢𑂲 (Kaithi script)
ಉಜ್ಜಯಿನೀ (Kannada script)
ឧជ្ជយិនី (Khmer script)
ອຸຊ຺ຊຍິນີ (Lao script)
ഉജ്ജയിനീ (Malayalam script)
ᡠᡯᡯᠠᠶᡳᠨᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘄𑘕𑘿𑘕𑘧𑘱𑘡𑘲 (Modi script)
ᠤᠽᠽᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦤𑦵𑧠𑦵𑧇𑧒𑧁𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
𑐄𑐖𑑂𑐖𑐫𑐶𑐣𑐷 (Newa script)
ଉଜ୍ଜଯିନୀ (Odia script)
ꢆꢙ꣄ꢙꢫꢶꢥꢷ (Saurashtra script)
𑆇𑆘𑇀𑆘𑆪𑆴𑆤𑆵 (Sharada script)
𑖄𑖕𑖿𑖕𑖧𑖰𑖡𑖱 (Siddham script)
උජ‍්ජයිනී (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩒𑩣 𑪙𑩣𑩻𑩑𑩯𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚄𑚑𑚶𑚑𑚣𑚮𑚝𑚯 (Takri script)
உஜ்ஜயிநீ (Tamil script)
ఉజ్జయినీ (Telugu script)
อุชฺชยินี (Thai script)
ཨུ་ཛྫ་ཡི་ནཱི (Tibetan script)
𑒅𑒖𑓂𑒖𑒨𑒱𑒢𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨃𑨥𑩇𑨥𑨪𑨁𑨝𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root उज्जि (ujji), from उद् (ud) + जि (ji, “to win, conquer”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ud̪.d͡ʑɐ.ji.n̪iː/, [ud̪̚.d͡ʑɐ.ji.n̪iː]

Proper noun

उज्जयिनी • (ujjayinī) stem, f

Ujjayini (the ancient capital of the Avanti kingdom; modern Ujjain)
- c. 600 CE – 1000, Garuḍa Purāṇa 1.81.10:
  उज्जयिन्यां महाकालः कुब्जके श्रीधरो हरिः ।
  कुब्जाम्रकं महातीर्थं कालसर्पिश् च कामदम् ॥
  ujjayinyāṃ mahākālaḥ kubjake śrīdharo hariḥ.
  kubjāmrakaṃ mahātīrthaṃ kālasarpiś ca kāmadam.
  The god Mahākāla [is the presiding deity of the sanctuary] at the city of Ujjayinī, while the god Hari, [installed as] Śrīdhara, [is the guardian deity] at Kubjaka. Likewise Kubjāmraka is a great place of pilgrimage, whereas a resort to Kālasarpi fulfills the desires of a pilgrim.

Declension

Feminine ī-stem declension of उज्जयिनी
	singular
nominative	उज्जयिनी (ujjayinī)
accusative	उज्जयिनीम् (ujjayinīm)
instrumental	उज्जयिन्या (ujjayinyā)
dative	उज्जयिन्यै (ujjayinyai)
ablative	उज्जयिन्याः (ujjayinyāḥ)
genitive	उज्जयिन्याः (ujjayinyāḥ)
locative	उज्जयिन्याम् (ujjayinyām)
vocative	उज्जयिनि (ujjayini)

Descendants

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀉𑀚𑁂𑀦𑀺 (ujeni /⁠ujjeni⁠/)
- Prakrit:
  Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀡𑀻 (ujjeṇī)
  Jain Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀡𑀻 (ujjeṇī)
  Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇𑀡𑀻 (ujjaïṇī), 𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀡𑀻 (ujjeṇī)
  - Apabhramsa: उज्जेणि (ujjeṇi) (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀡𑀕 (ujjeṇaga)
  - Apabhramsa: उज्जेणय (ujjeṇaya)
    - Malvi: उज्जेण्यो m (ujjeṇyo)
- → Ancient Greek: Ὁζήνη (Hozḗnē)
→ Bengali: উজ্জয়িনী (ujjoẏini) (learned)
→ English: Ujjayani, Ujjayini

References

“उज्जयिनी” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 80, column 2.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “उज्जयिनी”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 48
Monier Williams (1899), “उज्जयिनी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 174, column 2.