आम
Bhojpuri
Etymology
Noun
आम (ām) m (Kaithi 𑂄𑂧)
Hindi
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /ɑːm/, [ä̃ːm]
Etymology 1
Inherited from Prakrit अंब n (aṃba, “mango (fruit)”), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba), from Sanskrit आम्र (āmra).
Noun
आम • (ām) m (Urdu spelling آم)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | आम ām |
आम ām |
| oblique | आम ām |
आमों āmõ |
| vocative | आम ām |
आमो āmo |
Descendants
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Arabic عَامّ (ʕāmm). Compare Bengali আম (am), Punjabi ਆਮ (āma).
Adjective
आम • (ām) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling عام)
Alternative forms
- आम्म (āmm)
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Sanskrit आम (āma).
Adjective
आम • (ām) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling آم)
Old Gujarati
Adverb
आम • (āma)
Descendants
- Gujarati: આમ (āma)
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- আম (Assamese script)
- ᬆᬫ (Balinese script)
- আম (Bengali script)
- 𑰁𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
- အာမ (Burmese script)
- આમ (Gujarati script)
- ਆਮ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌆𑌮 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦴꦩ (Javanese script)
- 𑂄𑂧 (Kaithi script)
- ಆಮ (Kannada script)
- អាម (Khmer script)
- ອາມ (Lao script)
- ആമ (Malayalam script)
- ᠠ᠊ᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘁𑘦 (Modi script)
- ᠠᢗᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦡𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐁𑐩 (Newa script)
- ଆମ (Odia script)
- ꢃꢪ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆄𑆩 (Sharada script)
- 𑖁𑖦 (Siddham script)
- ආම (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩛𑩴 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚁𑚢 (Takri script)
- ஆம (Tamil script)
- ఆమ (Telugu script)
- อาม (Thai script)
- ཨཱ་མ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒂𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨊𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude, uncooked, undressed”), Old Armenian հում (hum, “raw, uncooked”), Old Irish om (“raw, uncooked”), Persian خام (xâm, “crude, raw”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɑː.mɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɑː.mɐ/
Adjective
आ॒म • (āmá) stem
- raw, uncooked, unbaked, undressed
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.162.10:
- यदूवध्यमुदरस्यापवाति य आमस्य क्रविषो गन्धो अस्ति ।
सुकृता तच्छमितारः कृण्वन्तूत मेधं शृतपाकं पचन्तु ॥- yadūvadhyamudarasyāpavāti ya āmasya kraviṣo gandho asti.
sukṛtā tacchamitāraḥ kṛṇvantūta medhaṃ śṛtapākaṃ pacantu. - Undigested food steaming from [the horse's] belly, and any remaining odour of raw flesh,
This let the immolators set in order and dress the sacrifice with perfect cooking.
- yadūvadhyamudarasyāpavāti ya āmasya kraviṣo gandho asti.
- यदूवध्यमुदरस्यापवाति य आमस्य क्रविषो गन्धो अस्ति ।
- unripe, immature
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आ॒मः (āmáḥ) | आ॒मौ (āmáu) आ॒मा¹ (āmā́¹) |
आ॒माः (āmā́ḥ) आ॒मासः॑¹ (āmā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | आ॒मम् (āmám) | आ॒मौ (āmáu) आ॒मा¹ (āmā́¹) |
आ॒मान् (āmā́n) |
| instrumental | आ॒मेन॑ (āména) | आ॒माभ्या॑म् (āmā́bhyām) | आ॒मैः (āmáiḥ) आ॒मेभिः॑¹ (āmébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आ॒माय॑ (āmā́ya) | आ॒माभ्या॑म् (āmā́bhyām) | आ॒मेभ्यः॑ (āmébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आ॒मात् (āmā́t) | आ॒माभ्या॑म् (āmā́bhyām) | आ॒मेभ्यः॑ (āmébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आ॒मस्य॑ (āmásya) | आ॒मयोः॑ (āmáyoḥ) | आ॒माना॑म् (āmā́nām) |
| locative | आ॒मे (āmé) | आ॒मयोः॑ (āmáyoḥ) | आ॒मेषु॑ (āméṣu) |
| vocative | आम॑ (ā́ma) | आमौ॑ (ā́mau) आमा॑¹ (ā́mā¹) |
आमाः॑ (ā́māḥ) आमा॑सः¹ (ā́māsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आ॒मा (āmā́) | आ॒मे (āmé) | आ॒माः (āmā́ḥ) |
| accusative | आ॒माम् (āmā́m) | आ॒मे (āmé) | आ॒माः (āmā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | आ॒मया॑ (āmáyā) आ॒मा¹ (āmā́¹) |
आ॒माभ्या॑म् (āmā́bhyām) | आ॒माभिः॑ (āmā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | आ॒मायै॑ (āmā́yai) | आ॒माभ्या॑म् (āmā́bhyām) | आ॒माभ्यः॑ (āmā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आ॒मायाः॑ (āmā́yāḥ) आ॒मायै॑² (āmā́yai²) |
आ॒माभ्या॑म् (āmā́bhyām) | आ॒माभ्यः॑ (āmā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आ॒मायाः॑ (āmā́yāḥ) आ॒मायै॑² (āmā́yai²) |
आ॒मयोः॑ (āmáyoḥ) | आ॒माना॑म् (āmā́nām) |
| locative | आ॒माया॑म् (āmā́yām) | आ॒मयोः॑ (āmáyoḥ) | आ॒मासु॑ (āmā́su) |
| vocative | आमे॑ (ā́me) | आमे॑ (ā́me) | आमाः॑ (ā́māḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आ॒मम् (āmám) | आ॒मे (āmé) | आ॒मानि॑ (āmā́ni) आ॒मा¹ (āmā́¹) |
| accusative | आ॒मम् (āmám) | आ॒मे (āmé) | आ॒मानि॑ (āmā́ni) आ॒मा¹ (āmā́¹) |
| instrumental | आ॒मेन॑ (āména) | आ॒माभ्या॑म् (āmā́bhyām) | आ॒मैः (āmáiḥ) आ॒मेभिः॑¹ (āmébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आ॒माय॑ (āmā́ya) | आ॒माभ्या॑म् (āmā́bhyām) | आ॒मेभ्यः॑ (āmébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आ॒मात् (āmā́t) | आ॒माभ्या॑म् (āmā́bhyām) | आ॒मेभ्यः॑ (āmébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आ॒मस्य॑ (āmásya) | आ॒मयोः॑ (āmáyoḥ) | आ॒माना॑म् (āmā́nām) |
| locative | आ॒मे (āmé) | आ॒मयोः॑ (āmáyoḥ) | आ॒मेषु॑ (āméṣu) |
| vocative | आम॑ (ā́ma) | आमे॑ (ā́me) | आमा॑नि (ā́māni) आमा॑¹ (ā́mā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “आम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 146/1-2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 170
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University