عام

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ع و م (ʕ w m)
4 terms

    Since this word competes with سَنَة (sana), عَام (ʕām) is suggested to be loaned from Old South Arabian 𐩲𐩣 (ʿm /⁠*ʿām⁠/, year). Compare Ge'ez ዓም (ʿam, year).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ʕaːm/

    Noun

    عَام • (ʕāmm (plural أَعْوَام (ʔaʕwām))

    1. year
      Synonyms: سَنَة (sana), حَوْل (ḥawl)
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 29:14-15:
        وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَلَبِثَ فِيهِمْ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ إِلَّا خَمْسِينَ عَامًا فَأَخَذَهُمُ ٱلطُّوفَانُ وَهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ فَأَنْجَيْنَاهُ وَأَصْحَابَ ٱلسَّفِينَةِ وَجَعَلْنَاهَا آيَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ
        wa-laqad ʔarsalnā nūḥan ʔilā qawmihi fa-labiṯa fīhim ʔalfa sanatin ʔillā ḵamsīna ʕāman fa-ʔaḵaḏahumu ṭ-ṭūfānu wahum ẓālimūna fa-ʔanjaynāhu wa-ʔaṣḥāba s-safīnati wa-jaʕalnāhā ʔāyatan li-l-ʕālamīna
        And We certainly sent Noah to his people, and he remained among them nine hundred and fifty years, and the flood seized them while they were wrongdoers. But We saved him and the companions of the ship, and We made it a sign for the worlds.
    2. a period of twelve lunar months; lunar year
    Declension
    Declension of noun عَام (ʕām)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal عَام
    ʕām
    الْعَام
    al-ʕām
    عَام
    ʕām
    nominative عَامٌ
    ʕāmun
    الْعَامُ
    al-ʕāmu
    عَامُ
    ʕāmu
    accusative عَامًا
    ʕāman
    الْعَامَ
    al-ʕāma
    عَامَ
    ʕāma
    genitive عَامٍ
    ʕāmin
    الْعَامِ
    al-ʕāmi
    عَامِ
    ʕāmi
    dual indefinite definite construct
    informal عَامَيْن
    ʕāmayn
    الْعَامَيْن
    al-ʕāmayn
    عَامَيْ
    ʕāmay
    nominative عَامَانِ
    ʕāmāni
    الْعَامَانِ
    al-ʕāmāni
    عَامَا
    ʕāmā
    accusative عَامَيْنِ
    ʕāmayni
    الْعَامَيْنِ
    al-ʕāmayni
    عَامَيْ
    ʕāmay
    genitive عَامَيْنِ
    ʕāmayni
    الْعَامَيْنِ
    al-ʕāmayni
    عَامَيْ
    ʕāmay
    plural basic broken plural triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal أَعْوَام
    ʔaʕwām
    الْأَعْوَام
    al-ʔaʕwām
    أَعْوَام
    ʔaʕwām
    nominative أَعْوَامٌ
    ʔaʕwāmun
    الْأَعْوَامُ
    al-ʔaʕwāmu
    أَعْوَامُ
    ʔaʕwāmu
    accusative أَعْوَامًا
    ʔaʕwāman
    الْأَعْوَامَ
    al-ʔaʕwāma
    أَعْوَامَ
    ʔaʕwāma
    genitive أَعْوَامٍ
    ʔaʕwāmin
    الْأَعْوَامِ
    al-ʔaʕwāmi
    أَعْوَامِ
    ʔaʕwāmi
    Descendants
    • Azerbaijani: am
    • Persian: عام ('âm)

    Etymology 2

    Root
    ع م م (ʕ m m)
    15 terms

      Derived from the active participle of عَمَّ (ʕamma, to be general, to be common, to prevail) (cognate to Hebrew עַם (am, nation) and עֲמָמִי ('amamí, public)). Contamination from Parthian 𐫍𐫀𐫖 (hʾm /⁠hām-⁠/, same) or its Middle Iranian analogues such as engendering Old Armenian համ- (ham-, same, homo-; whole, pan-) is considered.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ʕaːmm/

      Adjective

      عَامّ • (ʕāmm) (feminine عَامَّة (ʕāmma), elative أَعَمّ (ʔaʕamm))

      1. public
      2. prevalent, universal
      3. general
        • 2019 April 9, “نسبة التصويت 62%..العرب يسجلون نسبة منخفضة [Voter turnout is 62%... Arabs register a lower turnout.]”, in Maan News[1]:
          بلغت نسبة التصويت العامة في إسرائيل حتى الساعة الثامنة 62% وهي اقل 2.6% عن عام 2015.
          Voter turnout for the general population of Israel as of 8:00 reached 62%, which is 2.6% less than in the year 2015.
      4. common, ordinary
      Declension
      Declension of adjective عَامّ (ʕāmm)
      singular masculine feminine
      basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
      indefinite definite indefinite definite
      informal عَامّ
      ʕāmm
      الْعَامّ
      al-ʕāmm
      عَامَّة
      ʕāmma
      الْعَامَّة
      al-ʕāmma
      nominative عَامٌّ
      ʕāmmun
      الْعَامُّ
      al-ʕāmmu
      عَامَّةٌ
      ʕāmmatun
      الْعَامَّةُ
      al-ʕāmmatu
      accusative عَامًّا
      ʕāmman
      الْعَامَّ
      al-ʕāmma
      عَامَّةً
      ʕāmmatan
      الْعَامَّةَ
      al-ʕāmmata
      genitive عَامٍّ
      ʕāmmin
      الْعَامِّ
      al-ʕāmmi
      عَامَّةٍ
      ʕāmmatin
      الْعَامَّةِ
      al-ʕāmmati
      dual masculine feminine
      indefinite definite indefinite definite
      informal عَامَّيْن
      ʕāmmayn
      الْعَامَّيْن
      al-ʕāmmayn
      عَامَّتَيْن
      ʕāmmatayn
      الْعَامَّتَيْن
      al-ʕāmmatayn
      nominative عَامَّانِ
      ʕāmmāni
      الْعَامَّانِ
      al-ʕāmmāni
      عَامَّتَانِ
      ʕāmmatāni
      الْعَامَّتَانِ
      al-ʕāmmatāni
      accusative عَامَّيْنِ
      ʕāmmayni
      الْعَامَّيْنِ
      al-ʕāmmayni
      عَامَّتَيْنِ
      ʕāmmatayni
      الْعَامَّتَيْنِ
      al-ʕāmmatayni
      genitive عَامَّيْنِ
      ʕāmmayni
      الْعَامَّيْنِ
      al-ʕāmmayni
      عَامَّتَيْنِ
      ʕāmmatayni
      الْعَامَّتَيْنِ
      al-ʕāmmatayni
      plural masculine feminine
      plural unknown sound feminine plural
      indefinite definite indefinite definite
      informal ? ? عَامَّات
      ʕāmmāt
      الْعَامَّات
      al-ʕāmmāt
      nominative ? ? عَامَّاتٌ
      ʕāmmātun
      الْعَامَّاتُ
      al-ʕāmmātu
      accusative ? ? عَامَّاتٍ
      ʕāmmātin
      الْعَامَّاتِ
      al-ʕāmmāti
      genitive ? ? عَامَّاتٍ
      ʕāmmātin
      الْعَامَّاتِ
      al-ʕāmmāti
      Descendants

      Etymology 3

      Root
      ع و م (ʕ w m)
      4 terms

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ʕaː.ma/

        Verb

        عَامَ • (ʕāma) I (non-past يَعُومُ (yaʕūmu), verbal noun عَوْم (ʕawm))

        1. to float
          Synonym: طَفَا (ṭafā)
        2. to swim
          Synonym: سَبَحَ (sabaḥa)
        Conjugation
        Conjugation of عَامَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, no passive, verbal noun عَوْم)
        verbal noun
        الْمَصْدَر
        عَوْم
        ʕawm
        active participle
        اِسْم الْفَاعِل
        عَائِم
        ʕāʔim
        active voice
        الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
        singular
        الْمُفْرَد
        dual
        الْمُثَنَّى
        plural
        الْجَمْع
        1st person
        الْمُتَكَلِّم
        2nd person
        الْمُخَاطَب
        3rd person
        الْغَائِب
        2nd person
        الْمُخَاطَب
        3rd person
        الْغَائِب
        1st person
        الْمُتَكَلِّم
        2nd person
        الْمُخَاطَب
        3rd person
        الْغَائِب
        past (perfect) indicative
        الْمَاضِي
        m عُمْتُ
        ʕumtu
        عُمْتَ
        ʕumta
        عَامَ
        ʕāma
        عُمْتُمَا
        ʕumtumā
        عَامَا
        ʕāmā
        عُمْنَا
        ʕumnā
        عُمْتُمْ
        ʕumtum
        عَامُوا
        ʕāmū
        f عُمْتِ
        ʕumti
        عَامَتْ
        ʕāmat
        عَامَتَا
        ʕāmatā
        عُمْتُنَّ
        ʕumtunna
        عُمْنَ
        ʕumna
        non-past (imperfect) indicative
        الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
        m أَعُومُ
        ʔaʕūmu
        تَعُومُ
        taʕūmu
        يَعُومُ
        yaʕūmu
        تَعُومَانِ
        taʕūmāni
        يَعُومَانِ
        yaʕūmāni
        نَعُومُ
        naʕūmu
        تَعُومُونَ
        taʕūmūna
        يَعُومُونَ
        yaʕūmūna
        f تَعُومِينَ
        taʕūmīna
        تَعُومُ
        taʕūmu
        تَعُومَانِ
        taʕūmāni
        تَعُمْنَ
        taʕumna
        يَعُمْنَ
        yaʕumna
        subjunctive
        الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
        m أَعُومَ
        ʔaʕūma
        تَعُومَ
        taʕūma
        يَعُومَ
        yaʕūma
        تَعُومَا
        taʕūmā
        يَعُومَا
        yaʕūmā
        نَعُومَ
        naʕūma
        تَعُومُوا
        taʕūmū
        يَعُومُوا
        yaʕūmū
        f تَعُومِي
        taʕūmī
        تَعُومَ
        taʕūma
        تَعُومَا
        taʕūmā
        تَعُمْنَ
        taʕumna
        يَعُمْنَ
        yaʕumna
        jussive
        الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
        m أَعُمْ
        ʔaʕum
        تَعُمْ
        taʕum
        يَعُمْ
        yaʕum
        تَعُومَا
        taʕūmā
        يَعُومَا
        yaʕūmā
        نَعُمْ
        naʕum
        تَعُومُوا
        taʕūmū
        يَعُومُوا
        yaʕūmū
        f تَعُومِي
        taʕūmī
        تَعُمْ
        taʕum
        تَعُومَا
        taʕūmā
        تَعُمْنَ
        taʕumna
        يَعُمْنَ
        yaʕumna
        imperative
        الْأَمْر
        m عُمْ
        ʕum
        عُومَا
        ʕūmā
        عُومُوا
        ʕūmū
        f عُومِي
        ʕūmī
        عُمْنَ
        ʕumna

        References

        • Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “عوم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 2202b.
        • Shapira, Dan D. Y. (2009), “Irano-Arabica: contamination and popular etymology. Notes on the Persian and Arabic lexicons (with references to Aramaic, Hebrew and Turkic)”, in Христианский Восток – Новая Серия, volume 5 (XI), Moscow: Издательство Российской Академии Наук и Государственного Эрмитажа, page 174, claims contamination from a Parthian **hām (winter; year), a word he seemingly made up, since no descendant of Proto-Iranian *jimáh (winter) could come close.
        • Wehr, Hans (1979), “عم, عوم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 751, 771
        • Weninger, Stefan (2009), “Der Jemen als lexikalisches Ausstrahlungszentrum in der Antike”, in Philologisches und Historisches zwischen Anatolien und Sokotra. Analecta Semitica in memoriam Alexander Sima[2] (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrasowitz, →ISBN, page 399 Nr. 1

        Moroccan Arabic

        Etymology 1

        Root
        ع و م
        2 terms

        From Arabic عَام (ʕām).

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ʕaːm/

        Noun

        عام • (ʕāmm (dual عامين (ʕāmayn), plural أعوام (ʔaʕwām))

        1. year
          Synonym: سنة (sana)

        Etymology 2

        Root
        ع و م
        2 terms

        From Arabic عَامَ (ʕāma).

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ʕaːm/

        Verb

        عام • (ʕām) I (non-past يعوم (yʕūm))

        1. (intransitive) to swim
        Conjugation
        Conjugation of عام
        singular plural
        1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
        past m عمت (ʕumt) عمتي (ʕumti) عام (ʕām) عمنا (ʕumna) عمتوا (ʕumtu) عاموا (ʕāmu)
        f عامت (ʕāmet)
        non-past m نعوم (nʕūm) تعوم (tʕūm) يعوم (yʕūm) نعوموا (nʕūmu) تعوموا (tʕūmu) يعوموا (yʕūmu)
        f تعومي (tʕūmi) تعوم (tʕūm)
        imperative m عوم (ʕūm) عوموا (ʕūmu)
        f عومي (ʕūmi)

        Etymology 3

        Root
        ع م م
        1 term

        From Arabic عَامّ (ʕāmm).

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ʕaːmː/

        Adjective

        عام • (ʕāmm) (feminine عامة (ʕāmma), masculine plural عامين (ʕāmmīn), feminine plural عامات (ʕāmmāt), elative أعم (ʔaʕamm))

        1. public
        2. prevalent, universal
        3. general
        4. common, ordinary

        Persian

        Etymology 1

          Borrowed from Arabic عَام (ʕām).

          Pronunciation

           

          Readings
          Classical reading? ām
          Dari reading? ām
          Iranian reading? âm
          Tajik reading? om

          Noun

          عام • ('âm) (plural اعوام (a'vâm))

          1. year
            Synonyms: سال (sâl), سنه (sane)

          Etymology 2

            Borrowed from Arabic عَامّ (ʕāmm).

            Pronunciation

             

            Readings
            Classical reading? āmm
            Dari reading? āmm
            Iranian reading? âmm
            Tajik reading? omm

            Adjective

            عامّ • (âmm) (plural عوام)

            1. common
            2. general
            Alternative forms

            Further reading

            • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “عام”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

            Urdu

            Etymology

              Borrowed from Classical Persian عَامّ (āmm), borrowed from Arabic عَامّ (ʕāmm).

              Pronunciation

              Adjective

              عام • ('ām)

              1. common
              2. ordinary
              3. general
              4. universal

              Derived terms

              Further reading

              • عام”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
              • عام”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.
              • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “عام”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.