ܕܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Inherited from Aramaic דִּי לָא (dī lā), itself a calque of Akkadian ša lā; by surface analysis, ܕ- (d-, of) +‎ ܠܵܐ (, no), literally of no.

Pronunciation

  • (Standard) IPA(key): [dəlɑː]

Preposition

ܕܠܵܐ • (d-lā)

  1. without
    Synonyms: ܓܠܝܼܙ (glīz), ܒܠܲܝ (blay)
    Antonyms: ܥܲܡ (ˁam), ܡ̣ܢ (min), ܒ- (b-)
  2. (with an infinitive) used to negate transitive past participles
    ܬܲܪܥܵܐ ܕܠܵܐ ܦܬ݂ܵܚܵܐtarˁā d-lā pṯāḥāunopened door
    ܡܲܝ̈ܵܐ ܕܠܵܐ ܡܨܲܦܘܿܝܹܐmayyā d-lā mṣapōyēunfiltered water.
    ܥܸܪܒܵܐ ܕܠܵܐ ܡܲܐܟ݂ܘܿܠܹܐˁirbā d-lā maˀḵōlēunfed sheep
Usage notes
  • The term ܒܠܲܝ (blay) is also used for the sense of “not having, containing, characteristic of etc.”.
  • Due to the adverbial nature of this term, is still retained inasmuch as it is possible for it to be followed by an independent personal pronoun, e.g.
    • ܕܠܵܐ ܕܝܼܘܼܟ݂d-lā dīyōḵWithout you
    • ܕܠܵܐ ܐܲܢ݇ܬd-lā atWithout you
Inflection
Inflection of ܕܠܵܐ
base form ܕܠܵܐ (d-lā)
Personal-pronoun including forms
singular plural
m f
1st person ܕܠܵܐ ܕܝܼܝܼ (d-lā dīyī) ܕܠܵܐ ܕܝܼܲܢ (d-lā dīyan)
2nd person ܕܠܵܐ ܕܝܼܘܼܟ݂ (d-lā dīyōḵ) ܕܠܵܐ ܕܝܼܵܟ݂ܝ (d-lā dīyāḵ) ܕܠܵܐ ܕܝܼܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (d-lā dīyawḵōn)
3rd person ܕܠܵܐ ܕܝܼܹܗ (d-lā dīyēh) ܕܠܵܐ ܕܝܼܵܗ̇ (d-lā dīyāh) ܕܠܵܐ ܕܝܼܗܘܿܢ (d-lā dīhōn)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Root
ܕ ܠ ܐ (d l ˀ)
4 terms

Inherited from Aramaic דְּלָא (dəlā); cognate of Hebrew דָּלָה (dalá) and Arabic دَلَّى (dallā, to dangle, drop, let hang, loll).

Pronunciation

  • (Standard) IPA(key): [dɑːleː]

Verb

ܕܵܠܹܐ • (dālē)

  1. to draw (water from a well, or the like)
  2. to pump
Usage notes
  • This word is often written as “ܕ̇ܠܐ” in unvocalized texts in order to distinguish itself from the former “ܕܠܵܐ (d-lā)”.
Conjugation
Conjugation of ܕܵܠܹܐ
gerund ܒܸܕܠܵܝܵܐ (bidlāyā)
verbal noun ܕܠܵܝܵܐ (dlāyā)
singular plural
passive participle m ܕܸܠܝܵܐ (dilyā) ܕܸܠܝܹ̈ܐ (dilyē)
f ܕܠܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (dlīṯā)
agent noun m ܕܵܠܘܿܝܵܐ (dālōyā) ܕܵܠܘܿܝܹ̈ܐ (dālōyē)
f ܕܵܠܘܿܝܬܵܐ (dālōytā) ܕܵܠ̈ܘܿܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (dālōyāṯā)
instance noun ܕܠܵܝܬܵܐ (dlāytā) ܕ̈ܠܵܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (dlāyāṯā)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ܕܠܹܐ ܠܝܼ (dlē lī) ܕܠܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (dlē lōḵ) ܕܠܹܐ ܠܹܗ (dlē lēh) ܕܠܹܐ ܠܲܢ (dlē lan) ܕܠܹܐ ܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (dlē lawḵōn) ܕܠܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (dlē lhōn)
f ܕܠܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (dlē lāḵ) ܕܠܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (dlē lāh)
active non-past m ܕܵܠܹܝܢ (dālēn) ܕܵܠܹܝܬ (dālēt) ܕܵܠܹܐ (dālē) ܕܵܠܹܝܚ (dālēḥ) ܕܵܠܲܝܬܘܿܢ (dālaytōn) ܕܵܠܝܼ (dālī)
f ܕܵܠܝܲܢ (dālyan) ܕܵܠܝܲܬܝ (dālyat) ܕܵܠܝܵܐ (dālyā)
passive past m ܕܠܹܝܢ (dlēn) ܕܠܹܝܬ (dlēt) ܕܠܹܐ (dlē) ܕܠܹܝܚ (dlēḥ) ܕܠܲܝܬܘܿܢ (dlaytōn) ܕܠܲܝ (dlay)
f ܕܸܠܝܲܢ (dilyan) ܕܸܠܝܲܬܝ (dilyat) ܕܸܠܝܵܐ (dilyā)
imperative m ܕܠܝܼ (dlī) ܕܠܲܘ (dlaw)
f ܕܠܲܝ (dlay)

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