گاو
Kashmiri
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡaːʋ]
Noun
گاو • (gāv) f (plural گٲو)
Persian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (TWRA /gāw/), from Old Persian 𐎥𐎢 (g-u), from Proto-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš,[1] from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws.
Cognate to English cow, Urdu گائے (gāe) / Hindi गाय (gāy), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao), Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Latin bōs.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈɡaːw/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ɡɑːw]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡ̥ɒːv]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɡɔw]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | gāw |
| Dari reading? | gāw |
| Iranian reading? | gâv |
| Tajik reading? | gov |
- (Iran, some dialects) IPA(key): /ɡow/
Noun
گاو • (gāw / gâv) (plural گاوها (gāw-hā / gâv-hâ), Tajik spelling гов)
- cow, bull, cattle
- c. 1260, Rumi, “5:3500”, in The Masnavi:
- او اگر دیوانه است و فتنهکاو، داروی دیوانه باشد کیر گاو.
- u agar divâne ast o fetne-kâv, dâru-ye divâne bâšad kir-e gâv.
- If he is mad and bent on mischief, the cure for a madman is an ox-hide whip.
- (astronomy) the constellation Taurus
- 1192, Nizami Ganjavi, “Layla and Majnun”, in Khamsa:
- گاو فلکی چو گاو دریا، گوهر بگلو در از ثریا.
- gâv-e falaki čo gâv-e daryâ, gowhar be-galu dorr az sorayyâ.
- the celestial Bull, like the cow of the sea, has on its neck gems, and pearls from the Pleiades.
Derived terms
- آبله گاوی (âbele-ye gâvi, “cowpox”)
- گاو دریایی (gâv-e daryâyi, “manatee”)
- گاو دوش (gâv duš, “milking vessel”)
- گاو چران (gâv čarân, “cowherd”)
- گاو چشم (gâv češm, “big eyes”)
- گاوآهن (gâv-âhan, “plow”)
- گاوسار (gâvsâr, “kind of mace weapon”)
- گاومیش (gâvmêš, “buffalo”)
- گاوی (gâvi, “bovine”)
- گل گاوزبان (gol gâv-zabân, “Echium plant”)
Related terms
- گمیز (gomiz, “cow urine”)
Descendants
- → Urdu: گاو (gāv, gāo)
References
- ^ Benjamin W. Fortson IV (2010), “Indo-Iranian I: Indic”, in Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, 2nd edition, page 203
Further reading
- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “گاو”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press.
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw). Doublet of گائے (gāe).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɡɑːʋ/, /ɡɑː.oː/
Noun
گَاوْ or گَاو • (gāv or gāo) m (Hindi spelling गाव)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | گاو (gāv) | گاویں (gāvẽ) |
| oblique | گاو (gāv) | گاووں (gāvõ) |
| vocative | گاو (gāv) | گاوو (gāvo) |
Derived terms
- گاؤ کُشی (gāv-kušī, “cow-slaughter, cow-sacrifice”)
- گاو تَکِیَہ (gāv-takīya, “a long cylindrical pillow”)
- گاو خانَہ (gāv-xānah, “cowshed, cattle-pound”)
- گاو خورد (gāv-xurd, “destroyed, ruinous, ruined”)
- گاو دَبی (gāv-dabī, “mindless, simpleton”)
- گاو دُم (gāv-dum, “cow-tail, anything thick on one end and thin on the other, slippery, sloping”)
- گاو زور (gāv-zōr, “powerful, mighty”)
- گاو پَرواری (gāv-parvārī, “fostering cattle, taking care of cattle”)
- گاو پَیکَر (gāv-paikar, “bull-figured, one with a mighty build”)
- گاو پُشْت (gāv-pušt, “sloping like a cow's back, (metaphorically) the sky”)
- گاو چَشْم (gāv-čašám, “large-eyed”)
- گاوا گوشْت (gāvā-gošt, “beef, cow-meat”)
- گاوا گھی (gāvā-ghī, “cow ghee”)
- گاوزوری (gāvzorī, “violence, brutality, wrestling”)
- گَہْوارَہ (gāhávārah, “cradle, place of origin, place of birth”)
- گہوارہ جنبانی (gāhávārah-e-junbānī, “rocking cradle”)