مسمار
Arabic
Etymology
Compare Akkadian samrūtum (“nail (of copper)”)
Borrowed from Aramaic מַסְמָר (masmār), מַסְמְרָא (masmərā, “pin, nail”).
Cognate with Hebrew מסמר (masmér).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mis.maːr/
Audio: (file) - (Hijazi) IPA(key): /mus.maːr/, [mʊs.maːr]
Noun
مِسْمَار • (mismār) m (plural مَسَامِير (masāmīr))
- nail, pin, peg, wedge, bolt, even a screw
- vine pole
- forked tentpole
- as مِسْمَار اللَّحْم (mismār al-llaḥm) or مِسْمَار القَدَم (mismār al-qadam): callus
- Synonym: جُسْأَة (jusʔa)
- (obsolete) staphyloma
- a. 1050, مروان بن جناح [Marwān ibn Janāḥ], edited by Gerrit Bos, Fabian Käs, كتاب التلخيص [kitāb at-talḵīṣ] [On the Nomenclature of Medicinal Drugs], Leiden: Brill, published 2020, , →ISBN, pages 753 Nr. 588 fol. 53r,4–8:
- الموسرج هو ما نتأ من الطبقة العنبية إذا انحرقت القرنية من كتاب العلل والأعراض الجالينوس، قال الرازي في الكافي: إذا كان صغيرًا فهو موسرج، وإذا كان كبيرًا فهو مسمار.
- †Mūsaraj† (recte: mūrsaraj leg., lit. ‘ant’s head’) is a protrusion of the uvea occurring because of an inflammation of the cornea according to Galen’s ‘Book on Causes and Symptoms’. Al-Rāzī said in his al-Kāfī: If (this protrusion) is small, it is called mūsaraj and if it is large it is called al-mismār (staphyloma, lit. ‘nail’).
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | مِسْمَار mismār |
الْمِسْمَار al-mismār |
مِسْمَار mismār |
| nominative | مِسْمَارٌ mismārun |
الْمِسْمَارُ al-mismāru |
مِسْمَارُ mismāru |
| accusative | مِسْمَارًا mismāran |
الْمِسْمَارَ al-mismāra |
مِسْمَارَ mismāra |
| genitive | مِسْمَارٍ mismārin |
الْمِسْمَارِ al-mismāri |
مِسْمَارِ mismāri |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | مِسْمَارَيْن mismārayn |
الْمِسْمَارَيْن al-mismārayn |
مِسْمَارَيْ mismāray |
| nominative | مِسْمَارَانِ mismārāni |
الْمِسْمَارَانِ al-mismārāni |
مِسْمَارَا mismārā |
| accusative | مِسْمَارَيْنِ mismārayni |
الْمِسْمَارَيْنِ al-mismārayni |
مِسْمَارَيْ mismāray |
| genitive | مِسْمَارَيْنِ mismārayni |
الْمِسْمَارَيْنِ al-mismārayni |
مِسْمَارَيْ mismāray |
| plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | مَسَامِير masāmīr |
الْمَسَامِير al-masāmīr |
مَسَامِير masāmīr |
| nominative | مَسَامِيرُ masāmīru |
الْمَسَامِيرُ al-masāmīru |
مَسَامِيرُ masāmīru |
| accusative | مَسَامِيرَ masāmīra |
الْمَسَامِيرَ al-masāmīra |
مَسَامِيرَ masāmīra |
| genitive | مَسَامِيرَ masāmīra |
الْمَسَامِيرِ al-masāmīri |
مَسَامِيرِ masāmīri |
Derived terms
- مَسْمَرَ (masmara)
Descendants
- Maltese: musmar
- → Amharic: ምስማር (məsmar)
- → Sidamo: mismaare
- → Armenian: մսմար (msmar) (via Turkic)
- → Azerbaijani: mismar
- → Gurani: پسماری (pismārī)
- →? Italian: Musumarra
- → Northern Kurdish: bizmar
- → Old Georgian: მუსმარი (musmari)
- → Ottoman Turkish: مسمار (mismar)
- Turkish: mismar
- → Swahili: msumari
References
- “msmr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886), Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 89
- Haupt, Paul (1917), “The Disease of King Teumman of Elam”, in Journal of the Society of Oriental Research[1], volume 1, page 90, derives the Aramaic and Hebrew from Assyrian Akkadian with s₁ as first radical, but a corresponding Akkadian term seems still not attested
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “مسمار”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[2], London: W.H. Allen
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “مسمار”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 597
Najdi Arabic
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
مسمار • (transliteration needed)
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic مِسْمَار (mismār, “nail”), itself from Aramaic מַסְמָר (masmār).
Noun
مسمار • (mismar) (plural مسامیر (mesamir))
Derived terms
- مسمارلامق (mismarlamak, “to nail”)
- مسمارلو (mismarlı, “nailed, studded”)
- مسماری (mismari, “of the shape of a nail”)
Descendants
- Turkish: mismar
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “mismar”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3240
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “mismâr”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[4] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 780
- Kélékian, Diran (1911), “مسمار”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[5] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1168
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Clavus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[6], Vienna, column 190
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “مسمار”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[7], Vienna, column 4657
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “مسمار”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[8], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1857
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic مِسْمَار (mismār). Ultimately borrowed from Aramaic מַסְמָר (masmār), מַסְמְרָא (masmərā, “pin, nail”).
Pronunciation
Noun
مسمار • (musmār) m (plural مسامير (masāmīr))
- nail (for carpentry)