شکر

See also: ش ك ر, شكر, شڪر, سکر, سكر, and سكز

Azerbaijani

Noun

شکر

  1. Arabic spelling of şəkər

Baluchi

Noun

شَکَر • (šakar)

  1. sugar

See also

Mazanderani

Noun

شکر (šaker)

  1. sugar

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr).

Noun

شکر • (šukr) m

  1. gratitude, thanks

Further reading

  • Bellew, Henry Walter (1867), “شکر”, in A Dictionary of the Pukkhto or Pukshto Language‎[1], London: Allen, page 103

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (škʿ /⁠šakar⁠/), from Gandhari 𐨭𐨐𐨪 (śakara), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar, originally meaning grit, gravel”).

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʃäk.kʰáɾ], [ʃä.kʰáɾ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʃäk.kʰáɾ], [ʃä.kʰáɾ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʃäk.kʰáɾ], [ʃä.kʰáɾ]
 
  • (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʃækʰʲ.kʰʲǽɹ], [ʃæ.kʰʲǽɹ], [ʃe.kʰʲǽɹ]
    • (Tehrani) IPA(key): [ʃe.kʰʲǽɹ]

Readings
Classical reading? šakkár, šakár
Dari reading? šakkar, šakar
Iranian reading? šakkar, šakar, šekar
Tajik reading? šakar

Noun

Dari شکر, بوره
Iranian Persian شکر
Tajik шакар

شکر • (šakkar, šakar / šakkar, šakar, šekar) (Tajik spelling шакар)

  1. sugar
  2. (figurative) sweet, beautiful speech
    • 1915, Muhammad Iqbal, اسرار خودی [The Secrets of the Self]:
      گرچه هندی در عذوبت شکر است، طرز گفتار دری شیرین‌تر است.
      garče hendi dar 'ozubat šekar ast, tarz-e goftâr-e dari širin-tar ast.
      Though the Indian [language, i.e. Urdu] is sugar in its sweetness, the way of Dari [i.e. Persian] speech is sweeter yet.
Derived terms
  • شکرشکن (šakar-šekan, šakkar-šekan, šekar-šekan, “mellifluous”, literally “sugar-breaking”)
  • شکری (šakari, šakkari, šekari)
Descendants

(See also the entries at Middle Persian škl and Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar) for descendants from Middle Persian)

  • → Azerbaijani: şəkər
  • → Baluchi: شکر (šakkal)
  • → Bashkir: шәкәр (şəkər)
  • → Chagatai: شَکَّر (škr)
    • Uyghur: شەكەر (sheker)
    • Uzbek: shakar
  • → Chechen: шекар (šekar)
  • → Hindustani:
    Hindi: शक्कर (śakkar)
    Urdu: شَکَّر (śakkar)
  • → Karachay-Balkar: шекер (şeker)
  • → Kazakh: шекер (şeker)
  • → Kumyk: шекер (şeker)
  • → Kyrgyz: шекер (şeker)
  • → Proto-Mongolic: *šiker, *šikir
    • Buryat: шэхэр (šexer)
    • East Yugur: shigir
    • Middle Mongol:
      • Mongolian: ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ (sikir), ᠰᠢᠬᠡᠷ (siker), ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠷ (čikir)
        • Khalkha: чихэр (čixer)
        • Jerim: /ʃixər/
        • Juu Uda:
          • Baarin: /ʃixər/
          • Aru Khorchin: /t͡ʃʰixər/
        • Ulan Tsab: /t͡ʃixər/, /t͡ʃʰixər/
        • Shilingol: /t͡ʃixər/
        • Ordos: /ʃikxər/
      • → Arabic: شيكر (šīkir)
      • → Chinese: 扯克兒 / 扯克儿 (čeker) (Beilu Yiyu)
      • → Uyghur: شېكەر (shëker)
    • Written Oirat:
  • → Ossetian: сӕкӕр (sækær)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: شَکَّر (şeker)
  • → Pashto: شکره (šakᶕra)
  • → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ੱਕਰ (śakkar)
    Shahmukhi script: شَکَّر (śakkar)
  • → Shor: сакер (saker)
  • → Sindhi:
    Devanagari script: शकरि (śakari)
    Arabic script: شَڪَرِ (śakari)
  • → Southern Altai: шекир (šekir)
  • → Tatar: шикәр (şikär)
  • → Turkmen: şeker

Further reading

  • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “شکر”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Etymology 2

    Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr), from شَكَرَ (šakara).

    Pronunciation

     

    Readings
    Classical reading? šukr
    Dari reading? šukr
    Iranian reading? šokr
    Tajik reading? šukr

    Noun

    شکر • (šukr / šokr) (Tajik spelling шукр)

    1. (especially religion) thankfulness, gratitude
      شکر کردن ― šokr kardan ― to thank God
      خدا را شکر! ― xodâ râ šokr! ― Thank God!

    Further reading

    • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “شکر”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

    Punjabi

    Etymology 1

    Borrowed from Classical Persian شکر (šakar, “sugar”).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ʃəkː(ə)ɾ/

    Noun

    شَکَّر • (śakkar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ੱਕਰ)

    1. sugar
    Declension

    This noun needs an inflection-table template.

    Further reading

    • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “شکّر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]

    Etymology 2

    Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ʃʊ.k(ə)ɾ/

    Noun

    شُکْر • (śukr) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ੁਕਰ)

    1. thankfulness, gratitude
    Declension

    This noun needs an inflection-table template.

    Derived terms

    Further reading

    • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “شُکر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]

    Urdu

    Etymology 1

    Borrowed from Classical Persian شکر (šakar, “sugar”).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    شَکَر • (śakar) m (Hindi spelling शक्कर)

    1. sugar
    Declension

    This noun needs an inflection-table template.

    Etymology 2

    Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शुक्र (śukra). Doublet of سرخ (surx).

    Pronunciation

    Adjective

    شُکْرَ • (śukra) (Hindi spelling शुक्र)

    1. bright

    Proper noun

    شُکْرَ • (śukra) m (Hindi spelling शुक्र)

    1. Venus

    Etymology 3

    Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    شُکْر • (śukr) m (Hindi spelling शुक्र)

    1. thankfulness, gratitude
    Declension

    This noun needs an inflection-table template.

    Derived terms

    Further reading

    • Platts, John T. (1884), “شکر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
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