سوط

Arabic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sawtˤ/

Etymology 1

    Apparently via Aramaic שׁוֹטָא (šōṭā) / ܫܱܘܛܳܐ (šawṭā, whip) from Old Georgian შოლტი (šolṭi, whip).

    Noun

    سَوْط • (sawṭm (plural أَسْوَاط (ʔaswāṭ) or سِيَاط (siyāṭ))

    1. verbal noun of سَاطَ (sāṭa)
    2. scourge, switch, whip
    3. (figuratively) any punishment
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 89:13:
        فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ
        faṣabba ʕalayhim rabbuka sawṭa ʕaḏābin
        Therefore thy Lord poured on them the scourge of punishment.
    4. (biology) flagellum
    5. (astronomy) an astronomical measure of approximately 4.5 degrees
    Declension
    Declension of noun سَوْط (sawṭ)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal سَوْط
    sawṭ
    السَّوْط
    as-sawṭ
    سَوْط
    sawṭ
    nominative سَوْطٌ
    sawṭun
    السَّوْطُ
    as-sawṭu
    سَوْطُ
    sawṭu
    accusative سَوْطًا
    sawṭan
    السَّوْطَ
    as-sawṭa
    سَوْطَ
    sawṭa
    genitive سَوْطٍ
    sawṭin
    السَّوْطِ
    as-sawṭi
    سَوْطِ
    sawṭi
    dual indefinite definite construct
    informal سَوْطَيْن
    sawṭayn
    السَّوْطَيْن
    as-sawṭayn
    سَوْطَيْ
    sawṭay
    nominative سَوْطَانِ
    sawṭāni
    السَّوْطَانِ
    as-sawṭāni
    سَوْطَا
    sawṭā
    accusative سَوْطَيْنِ
    sawṭayni
    السَّوْطَيْنِ
    as-sawṭayni
    سَوْطَيْ
    sawṭay
    genitive سَوْطَيْنِ
    sawṭayni
    السَّوْطَيْنِ
    as-sawṭayni
    سَوْطَيْ
    sawṭay
    plural basic broken plural triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal أَسْوَاط‎; سِيَاط
    ʔaswāṭ‎; siyāṭ
    الْأَسْوَاط‎; السِّيَاط
    al-ʔaswāṭ‎; as-siyāṭ
    أَسْوَاط‎; سِيَاط
    ʔaswāṭ‎; siyāṭ
    nominative أَسْوَاطٌ‎; سِيَاطٌ
    ʔaswāṭun‎; siyāṭun
    الْأَسْوَاطُ‎; السِّيَاطُ
    al-ʔaswāṭu‎; as-siyāṭu
    أَسْوَاطُ‎; سِيَاطُ
    ʔaswāṭu‎; siyāṭu
    accusative أَسْوَاطًا‎; سِيَاطًا
    ʔaswāṭan‎; siyāṭan
    الْأَسْوَاطَ‎; السِّيَاطَ
    al-ʔaswāṭa‎; as-siyāṭa
    أَسْوَاطَ‎; سِيَاطَ
    ʔaswāṭa‎; siyāṭa
    genitive أَسْوَاطٍ‎; سِيَاطٍ
    ʔaswāṭin‎; siyāṭin
    الْأَسْوَاطِ‎; السِّيَاطِ
    al-ʔaswāṭi‎; as-siyāṭi
    أَسْوَاطِ‎; سِيَاطِ
    ʔaswāṭi‎; siyāṭi
    Derived terms
    • سَاطَ (sāṭa)
    • سَيَّطَ (sayyaṭa), سَوَّطَ (sawwaṭa)
    • تَسَيَّطَ (tasayyaṭa), تَسَوَّطَ (tasawwaṭa)
    • مِسْوَط (miswaṭ)
    • مِسْوَاط (miswāṭ)
    Descendants
    • Maltese: sawt
    • Amharic: ሰውጥ (säwṭ)
    • Catalan: assot
    • Galician: azoute
    • Ge'ez: ሰውጥ (säwṭ), ሠውጥ (śäwṭ)
    • Ottoman Turkish: سوط (savt)
    • Portuguese: açoite, (earlier) açoute
    • Sicilian: zotta
    • Spanish: azote

    Etymology 2

      A native root. Some occurrences of Biblical Hebrew שׁוֹט (šōṭ) are understood as “spate”, whose sense seems to have influenced the Arabic sense of “a punishment” otherwise belonging to the “whip” noun, as in the Qurʾān place above God صَبَّ (ṣabba) it, that is “poured” or “dispensed“ punishment like liquid, although Jakob Barth considered all the Arabic words and senses on this page natively developed from سَطَا (saṭā, to throw oneself upon someone or something with impetuosity; to be restive; to march with large steps; to be found in abundance (said of water)).

      Noun

      سَوْط • (sawṭm

      1. water that bides in a pool or puddle or the place where there is such water
      2. someone's deal, a designated deal
      Declension
      Declension of noun سَوْط (sawṭ)
      singular basic singular triptote
      indefinite definite construct
      informal سَوْط
      sawṭ
      السَّوْط
      as-sawṭ
      سَوْط
      sawṭ
      nominative سَوْطٌ
      sawṭun
      السَّوْطُ
      as-sawṭu
      سَوْطُ
      sawṭu
      accusative سَوْطًا
      sawṭan
      السَّوْطَ
      as-sawṭa
      سَوْطَ
      sawṭa
      genitive سَوْطٍ
      sawṭin
      السَّوْطِ
      as-sawṭi
      سَوْطِ
      sawṭi

      Verb

      سَوَّطَ • (sawwaṭa) II (non-past يُسَوِّطُ (yusawwiṭu), verbal noun تَسْوِيط (taswīṭ))

      1. to commix the liquids by stirring
      Conjugation
      Conjugation of سَوَّطَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَسْوِيط)
      verbal noun
      الْمَصْدَر
      تَسْوِيط
      taswīṭ
      active participle
      اِسْم الْفَاعِل
      مُسَوِّط
      musawwiṭ
      passive participle
      اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
      مُسَوَّط
      musawwaṭ
      active voice
      الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
      singular
      الْمُفْرَد
      dual
      الْمُثَنَّى
      plural
      الْجَمْع
      1st person
      الْمُتَكَلِّم
      2nd person
      الْمُخَاطَب
      3rd person
      الْغَائِب
      2nd person
      الْمُخَاطَب
      3rd person
      الْغَائِب
      1st person
      الْمُتَكَلِّم
      2nd person
      الْمُخَاطَب
      3rd person
      الْغَائِب
      past (perfect) indicative
      الْمَاضِي
      m سَوَّطْتُ
      sawwaṭtu
      سَوَّطْتَ
      sawwaṭta
      سَوَّطَ
      sawwaṭa
      سَوَّطْتُمَا
      sawwaṭtumā
      سَوَّطَا
      sawwaṭā
      سَوَّطْنَا
      sawwaṭnā
      سَوَّطْتُمْ
      sawwaṭtum
      سَوَّطُوا
      sawwaṭū
      f سَوَّطْتِ
      sawwaṭti
      سَوَّطَتْ
      sawwaṭat
      سَوَّطَتَا
      sawwaṭatā
      سَوَّطْتُنَّ
      sawwaṭtunna
      سَوَّطْنَ
      sawwaṭna
      non-past (imperfect) indicative
      الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
      m أُسَوِّطُ
      ʔusawwiṭu
      تُسَوِّطُ
      tusawwiṭu
      يُسَوِّطُ
      yusawwiṭu
      تُسَوِّطَانِ
      tusawwiṭāni
      يُسَوِّطَانِ
      yusawwiṭāni
      نُسَوِّطُ
      nusawwiṭu
      تُسَوِّطُونَ
      tusawwiṭūna
      يُسَوِّطُونَ
      yusawwiṭūna
      f تُسَوِّطِينَ
      tusawwiṭīna
      تُسَوِّطُ
      tusawwiṭu
      تُسَوِّطَانِ
      tusawwiṭāni
      تُسَوِّطْنَ
      tusawwiṭna
      يُسَوِّطْنَ
      yusawwiṭna
      subjunctive
      الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
      m أُسَوِّطَ
      ʔusawwiṭa
      تُسَوِّطَ
      tusawwiṭa
      يُسَوِّطَ
      yusawwiṭa
      تُسَوِّطَا
      tusawwiṭā
      يُسَوِّطَا
      yusawwiṭā
      نُسَوِّطَ
      nusawwiṭa
      تُسَوِّطُوا
      tusawwiṭū
      يُسَوِّطُوا
      yusawwiṭū
      f تُسَوِّطِي
      tusawwiṭī
      تُسَوِّطَ
      tusawwiṭa
      تُسَوِّطَا
      tusawwiṭā
      تُسَوِّطْنَ
      tusawwiṭna
      يُسَوِّطْنَ
      yusawwiṭna
      jussive
      الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
      m أُسَوِّطْ
      ʔusawwiṭ
      تُسَوِّطْ
      tusawwiṭ
      يُسَوِّطْ
      yusawwiṭ
      تُسَوِّطَا
      tusawwiṭā
      يُسَوِّطَا
      yusawwiṭā
      نُسَوِّطْ
      nusawwiṭ
      تُسَوِّطُوا
      tusawwiṭū
      يُسَوِّطُوا
      yusawwiṭū
      f تُسَوِّطِي
      tusawwiṭī
      تُسَوِّطْ
      tusawwiṭ
      تُسَوِّطَا
      tusawwiṭā
      تُسَوِّطْنَ
      tusawwiṭna
      يُسَوِّطْنَ
      yusawwiṭna
      imperative
      الْأَمْر
      m سَوِّطْ
      sawwiṭ
      سَوِّطَا
      sawwiṭā
      سَوِّطُوا
      sawwiṭū
      f سَوِّطِي
      sawwiṭī
      سَوِّطْنَ
      sawwiṭna
      passive voice
      الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
      singular
      الْمُفْرَد
      dual
      الْمُثَنَّى
      plural
      الْجَمْع
      1st person
      الْمُتَكَلِّم
      2nd person
      الْمُخَاطَب
      3rd person
      الْغَائِب
      2nd person
      الْمُخَاطَب
      3rd person
      الْغَائِب
      1st person
      الْمُتَكَلِّم
      2nd person
      الْمُخَاطَب
      3rd person
      الْغَائِب
      past (perfect) indicative
      الْمَاضِي
      m سُوِّطْتُ
      suwwiṭtu
      سُوِّطْتَ
      suwwiṭta
      سُوِّطَ
      suwwiṭa
      سُوِّطْتُمَا
      suwwiṭtumā
      سُوِّطَا
      suwwiṭā
      سُوِّطْنَا
      suwwiṭnā
      سُوِّطْتُمْ
      suwwiṭtum
      سُوِّطُوا
      suwwiṭū
      f سُوِّطْتِ
      suwwiṭti
      سُوِّطَتْ
      suwwiṭat
      سُوِّطَتَا
      suwwiṭatā
      سُوِّطْتُنَّ
      suwwiṭtunna
      سُوِّطْنَ
      suwwiṭna
      non-past (imperfect) indicative
      الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
      m أُسَوَّطُ
      ʔusawwaṭu
      تُسَوَّطُ
      tusawwaṭu
      يُسَوَّطُ
      yusawwaṭu
      تُسَوَّطَانِ
      tusawwaṭāni
      يُسَوَّطَانِ
      yusawwaṭāni
      نُسَوَّطُ
      nusawwaṭu
      تُسَوَّطُونَ
      tusawwaṭūna
      يُسَوَّطُونَ
      yusawwaṭūna
      f تُسَوَّطِينَ
      tusawwaṭīna
      تُسَوَّطُ
      tusawwaṭu
      تُسَوَّطَانِ
      tusawwaṭāni
      تُسَوَّطْنَ
      tusawwaṭna
      يُسَوَّطْنَ
      yusawwaṭna
      subjunctive
      الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
      m أُسَوَّطَ
      ʔusawwaṭa
      تُسَوَّطَ
      tusawwaṭa
      يُسَوَّطَ
      yusawwaṭa
      تُسَوَّطَا
      tusawwaṭā
      يُسَوَّطَا
      yusawwaṭā
      نُسَوَّطَ
      nusawwaṭa
      تُسَوَّطُوا
      tusawwaṭū
      يُسَوَّطُوا
      yusawwaṭū
      f تُسَوَّطِي
      tusawwaṭī
      تُسَوَّطَ
      tusawwaṭa
      تُسَوَّطَا
      tusawwaṭā
      تُسَوَّطْنَ
      tusawwaṭna
      يُسَوَّطْنَ
      yusawwaṭna
      jussive
      الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
      m أُسَوَّطْ
      ʔusawwaṭ
      تُسَوَّطْ
      tusawwaṭ
      يُسَوَّطْ
      yusawwaṭ
      تُسَوَّطَا
      tusawwaṭā
      يُسَوَّطَا
      yusawwaṭā
      نُسَوَّطْ
      nusawwaṭ
      تُسَوَّطُوا
      tusawwaṭū
      يُسَوَّطُوا
      yusawwaṭū
      f تُسَوَّطِي
      tusawwaṭī
      تُسَوَّطْ
      tusawwaṭ
      تُسَوَّطَا
      tusawwaṭā
      تُسَوَّطْنَ
      tusawwaṭna
      يُسَوَّطْنَ
      yusawwaṭna
      Derived terms
      • اِسْتَوَطَ (istawaṭa, to be or become mixed or stirred)
      • سَوِيط (sawīṭ, stirred)
      • سَوَيْطَاء (sawayṭāʔ, a soup with much onions and chickpeas)
      • مِسْوَط (miswaṭ, an implement to mix)
      • مِسْوَاط (miswāṭ, an implement to mix)

      Further reading

      • Barth, Jakob (1893), Etymologische Studien zum semitischen insbesondere zum hebräischen Lexicon (in German), Berlin: H. Itzkowski, page 14
      • Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 672
      • Freytag, Georg (1833), “سوط”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 375b–376a
      • Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “سوط”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1466–1467.
      • Марр, Н. Я. (1910), “Надпись Епифания, католикоса Грузии (Из раскопок в Ани 1910 г.) [The inscription of Epiphanius, the catholicos of Georgia (From excavations of Ani in 1910)]”, in Известия Императорской Академии наук[2] (in Russian), volume XIV, Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 1436 of 1433–1442

      Hijazi Arabic

      Root
      س و ط
      1 term

      Etymology

      From Arabic سَوْط (sawṭ).

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /soːtˤ/, [so̞ːtˤ]

      Noun

      سوط • (sōṭm (plural أسواط (ʔaswāṭ))

      1. whip

      Ottoman Turkish

      Etymology

      Borrowed from Arabic سَوْط (sawṭ, whip, scourge), perhaps from Old Georgian შოლტი (šolṭi, whip), via Aramaic שׁוֹטָא (šōṭā, whip).

      Noun

      سوط • (savt) (definite accusative سوطی (savtı), plural سیاط (siyât) or اسواط (esvât))

      1. whip, lash, a pliant, flexible instrument used to direct and herd animals, or to strike a person as a punishment
        Synonyms: تازیانه (taziyane), قامچی (kamçı), قرباچ (kırbaç)
      2. riding crop, horsewhip, quirt, any short type of whip without a lash used in horseriding to goad or direct a horse
        Synonym: قرباچ (kırbaç)
      3. lash, a stroke with a whip, scourge, switch, or any other pliant and tough weapon, often given as a punishment
        Synonym: جلده (celde)

      Descendants

      Further reading