خاکسار
Chagatai
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian خَاکْسَار (xāksār).
Adjective
خاکسار • (xāksār)
Derived terms
- خاکسارلیغ (xāksārliğ, “modesty”)
Descendants
- Uzbek: xokisor
Further reading
- Bahawudun, Muhemmettursun; Gheyurani, Ghenizat; Qadir, Isma'il; Ehet, Ablimit (2002), چاغاتاي تىلىنىڭ ئىزاھلىق لۇغىتى [Explanatory Dictionary of the Chagatai Language][1] (in Uyghur), Shinjang Xelq Neshriyati, →ISBN, page 218
Persian
Etymology
From خاک (xâk, “earth”) + ـسار (-sâr).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /xaːk.ˈsaːr/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [xɑːk.sɑ́ːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [xɒːkʰʲ.sɒ́ːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [χɔk.sɔ́ɾ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | xāksār |
| Dari reading? | xāksār |
| Iranian reading? | xâksâr |
| Tajik reading? | xoksor |
Adjective
خاکسار • (xâksâr)
- humbled, abject
- c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 128:
- با که راز خویشتن گوییم کز کوی حبیب
خاکساران بلا را همدمی جز باد نیست- bā ki rāz-i xwēštan gōyēm k-az kō-yi habīb
xāksārān-i balā rā hamdamē juz bād nēst - To whom shall we tell our secret? From the beloved's alley
Those humbled by [the] disaster [of love] have no confidant except for the wind.
- bā ki rāz-i xwēštan gōyēm k-az kō-yi habīb
- (literally) covered in dust
Further reading
- Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “خاکسار”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian خاکْسار (xāksār, literally “earth-like”), equivalent to خاک (xāk) + سار (sār).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /xɑːk.sɑːɾ/
- Rhymes: -ɑːɾ
Pronoun
خاکْسار • (xāksār) m (Hindi spelling ख़ाकसार)
- (rare, dated, formal, polite, higher register) first-person singular subjective personal pronoun: I, I humbly, this servant
- Synonym: بَنْدَہ (banda)
Declension
| direct | خاکْسار (xāksār) |
|---|---|
| indirect | خاکْسار (xāksār) |
| ergative | خاکْسار نے (xāksār ne) |
| genitive | خاکْسار کا (xāksār kā) |
| dative | خاکْسار کو (xāksār ko) خاکْسار کو (xāksār ko) |
See also
| direct case | indirect case | ergative case | dative/accusative case | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | singular | مَیں (ma͠i) | مُجھ (mujh) | مَیں نے (ma͠i ne) | مُجھ کو (mujh ko) مُجھے (mujhe) | |
| formal (rare) | خَاکْسَار (xāksār) | خَاکْسَار نے (xāksār ne) | خَاکْسَار کو (xāksār ko) | |||
| plural | ہَم (ham) | ہَم نے (ham ne) | ہَم کو (ham ko) ہَمیں (hamẽ) | |||
| 2nd person | informal (intimate) | تُو (tū) | تُجھ (tujh) | تُو نے (tū ne) | تُجھ کو (tujh ko) تُجھے (tujhe) | |
| semiformal (familiar) | تُم (tum) | تُم نے (tum ne) | تُم کو (tum ko) تُمْہیں (tumhẽ) | |||
| formal (polite) | آپ (āp) | آپ نے (āp ne) | آپ کو (āp ko) | |||
| 3rd person | proximal | singular / informal |
یِہ (ye) | اِس (is) | اِس نے (is ne) | اِس کو (is ko) اِسے (ise) |
| plural / formal |
اِن (in) | اِنْہوں نے (inhõ ne) | اِن کو (in ko) اِنْہیں (inhẽ) | |||
| distal | singular / informal |
وُہ (vo) | اُس (us) | اُس نے (us ne) | اُس کو (us ko) اُسے (use) | |
| plural / formal |
اُن (un) | اُنْہوں نے (unhõ ne) | اُن کو (un ko) اُنْہیں (unhẽ) | |||