ارتش

Persian

Etymology

A false back-formation introduced during the Reza Shah regime's Persianization program, from ارتشدار (artešdâr, “soldier”). Erroneously analyzed as a compound word made from two parts with the latter component as ـدار (-dâr, “haver”), the solecism was nonetheless officially approved.

Displaced Persian and displaced Persian (ordu), Mongolic and Turkic borrowings.

Pronunciation

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäɾ.t̪ʰɪ́ʃ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäɾ.t̪ʰɪ́ʃ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäɾ.t̪ʰíʃ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæɹ.t̪ʰéʃ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäɾ.t̪ʰíʃ]

Readings
Dari reading^?	artiš
Iranian reading^?	arteš
Tajik reading^?	artiš

Audio (Iran): (file)

Noun


Dari	اردو
Iranian Persian	ارتش
Tajik	армия, қӯшун, артиш

ارتش • (artiš / arteš) (plural ارتش‌ها (artiš-hā / arteš-hâ), Tajik spelling артиш)

(Iran, military) army
Synonyms: اُرْدو (ordu), سِپاه (sepâh), لَشْکَر (laškar), قشون (qošun)
(Iran) Islamic Republic of Iran Army

Derived terms

اَرْتِشی (arteši)
اَرْتِشْبُد (artešbod)

Descendants

→ Northern Kurdish: artêş
→ Azerbaijani: ərteş