шпарить

Russian

Etymology

Cognate with Ukrainian шпа́рити (špáryty, to scald, to beat) and Belarusian шпа́рыць (špárycʹ, to beat). Possibly derived from Polish sparzyć (to scald) (perfective), which is related to пар (par, steam) (mentioned by Vasmer, preferred by Shansky). Per Chernykh the relation with пар (par) is secondary. Possible relation with спо́рый (spóryj) is mentioned by Vasmer. In any case compare synonymous шпа́ркий (špárkij), Polish szparki.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈʂparʲɪtʲ]

Verb

шпа́рить • (špáritʹimpf (perfective ошпа́рить)

  1. (colloquial) to scald (one's hands, etc.) (to burn with boiling liquid or steam)
  2. (colloquial) to pour boiling water over (often specifically in order to kill something, e.g. an insect)
  3. (low colloquial, figurative, intransitive, imperfective only) to do something with hurriedly or with great force, to energy or zeal
  4. (low colloquial, figurative, intransitive, imperfective only) to be fluent, to speak a language fluently
    Шпа́рит на неме́цком как на родно́м.Špárit na neméckom kak na rodnóm.S/he speaks German as fluently as a native speaker.

Conjugation

Derived terms

verbs
  • шпа́риться impf (špáritʹsja)
  • вы́шпарить pf (výšparitʹ), вышпа́ривать impf (vyšpárivatʹ)
  • нашпа́рить pf (našpáritʹ), нашпа́ривать impf (našpárivatʹ)
  • ошпа́рить pf (ošpáritʹ), ошпа́ривать impf (ošpárivatʹ)
  • ошпа́риться pf (ošpáritʹsja), ошпа́риваться impf (ošpárivatʹsja)
  • шпа́ркий (špárkij)

References

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “шпарить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “шпарить”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 422
  • Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “шпарить”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa

Further reading