самъ

Old Church Slavonic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Adjective

самъ • (samŭ)

  1. self

Declension

Short declension of самъ (hard o/a stem)
singular dual plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative самъ
samŭ 		само
samo 		сама
sama 		сама
sama 		самѣ
samě 		сами
sami 		сама
sama 		самꙑ
samy
genitive сама
sama 		самꙑ
samy 		самоу
samu 		самоу
samu 		самъ
samŭ 		самъ
samŭ
dative самоу
samu 		самѣ
samě 		самома
samoma 		самама
samama 		самомъ
samomŭ 		самамъ
samamŭ
accusative самъ
samŭ 		само
samo 		самѫ
samǫ 		сама
sama 		самѣ
samě 		самꙑ
samy 		сама
sama 		самꙑ
samy
instrumental самомь
samomĭ 		самоѭ
samojǫ 		самома
samoma 		самама
samama 		самꙑ
samy 		самами
samami
locative самѣ
samě 		самѣ
samě 		самоу
samu 		самоу
samu 		самѣхъ
saměxŭ 		самахъ
samaxŭ
vocative самъ
samŭ 		само
samo 		сама
sama 		сама
sama 		самѣ
samě 		сами
sami 		сама
sama 		самꙑ
samy
Long declension of самъ (hard o/a stem)
singular dual plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative самꙑи
samyi 		самоѥ
samoje 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самѣи
saměi 		самии
samii 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самꙑѩ
samyję
genitive самаѥго
samajego 		самꙑѩ
samyję 		самоую
samuju 		самоую
samuju 		самꙑихъ
samyixŭ 		самꙑихъ
samyixŭ
dative самоуѥмоу
samujemu 		самѣи
saměi 		самꙑима
samyima 		самꙑима
samyima 		самꙑимъ
samyimŭ 		самꙑимъ
samyimŭ
accusative самꙑи
samyi 		самоѥ
samoje 		самѫѭ
samǫjǫ 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самѣи
saměi 		самꙑѩ
samyję 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самꙑѩ
samyję
instrumental самꙑимь
samyimĭ 		самѫѭ
samǫjǫ 		самꙑима
samyima 		самꙑима
samyima 		самꙑими
samyimi 		самꙑими
samyimi
locative самѣѥмь
samějemĭ 		самѣи
saměi 		самоую
samuju 		самоую
samuju 		самꙑихъ
samyixŭ 		самꙑихъ
samyixŭ
vocative самꙑи
samyi 		самоѥ
samoje 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самѣи
saměi 		самии
samii 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самꙑѩ
samyję

Old East Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sāmas, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsɑmʊ/→/ˈsamʊ/→/ˈsam/
  • (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /ˈsɑmʊ/
  • (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /ˈsamʊ/
  • (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /ˈsam/

Pronoun

самъ (samŭ)

  1. self, oneself, alone
    • 1060s, Studite rule:
      ѥмуже и тꙑ самꙑꙗ съ трепетъмь прѣстоꙗть бесплътьнꙑꙗ нб(с̑)нꙑꙗ
      jemuže i ty samyja sŭ trepetŭmĭ prěstojatĭ besplŭtĭnyja nb(ŝ)nyja
      and those incorporeal heavenly themselves serve with fear to him

Declension

Short:

Declension of самъ (irregular)
Singular Dual Plural
Masculine Neuter Feminine Masculine Neuter Feminine Masculine Neuter Feminine
Nominative самъ
samŭ 		само
samo 		сама
sama 		сама
sama 		самѣ
samě 		сами
sami 		сама
sama 		самꙑ
samy
Genitive самого
samogo 		самоѣ
samojě 		самою
samoju 		самою
samoju 		самѣхъ
saměxŭ 		самѣхъ
saměxŭ
Dative самому
samomu 		самои
samoi 		самѣма
saměma 		самѣма
saměma 		самѣмъ
saměmŭ 		самѣмъ
saměmŭ
Accusative самъ
samŭ 		само
samo 		самѫ
samǫ 		сама
sama 		самѣ
samě 		самꙑ
samy 		сама
sama 		самꙑ
samy
Instrumental самѣмь
saměmĭ 		самоѭ
samojǫ 		самѣма
saměma 		самѣма
saměma 		самѣми
saměmi 		самѣми
saměmi
Locative самомь
samomĭ 		самои
samoi 		самою
samoju 		самою
samoju 		самѣхъ
saměxŭ 		самѣхъ
saměxŭ

Long:

Declension of самъ (irregular)
Singular Dual Plural
Masculine Neuter Feminine Masculine Neuter Feminine Masculine Neuter Feminine
Nominative самъи
samŷi 		самое
samoje 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самъи
samŷi 		самии
samii 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самꙑѣ
samyjě
Genitive самого
samogo 		самоѣ
samojě 		самою
samoju 		самою
samoju 		самꙑхъ
samyxŭ 		самꙑхъ
samyxŭ
Dative самому
samomu 		самои
samoi 		самꙑма
samyma 		самꙑма
samyma 		самꙑмъ
samymŭ 		самꙑмъ
samymŭ
Accusative самъи
samŷi 		самое
samoje 		самѫѭ
samǫjǫ 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самъи
samŷi 		самꙑѣ
samyjě 		самаꙗ
samaja 		самꙑѣ
samyjě
Instrumental самꙑмь
samymĭ 		самоѭ
samojǫ 		самꙑма
samyma 		самꙑма
samyma 		самꙑми
samymi 		самꙑми
samymi
Locative самомь
samomĭ 		самои
samoi 		самою
samoju 		самою
samoju 		самꙑхъ
samyxŭ 		самꙑхъ
samyxŭ

Descendants

  • Belarusian: сам (sam)
  • Russian: сам (sam)
  • Ukrainian: сам (sam)

References

  • Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2019), “Drevnerusskoje udarenije: Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ.”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 19: “самъ ― sam”

Russian

Pronoun

самъ • (sam)

  1. Pre-1918 spelling of сам (sam).

Declension

Pre-reform declension of самъ
masculine neuter feminine plural
nominative самъ
sam 		само́
samó 		сама́
samá 		са́ми
sámi
genitive самого́
samovó 		само́й
samój 		сами́хъ
samíx
dative самому́
samomú 		само́й
samój 		сами́мъ
samím
accusative animate самого́
samovó 		само́
samó 		саму́, самую́, самоё
samú, samujú, samojó 		сами́хъ
samíx
inanimate самъ
sam 		са́ми
sámi
instrumental сами́мъ
samím 		само́й, само́ю
samój, samóju 		сами́ми
samími
prepositional само́мъ
samóm 		само́й
samój 		сами́хъ
samíx

Tajik

Etymology

Inherited from Classical Persian سَمْع (sam'), from Arabic سَمْع (samʕ).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /samʔ/, [sämʔ]

Noun

самъ • (sam') (Persian spelling سمع)

  1. hearing, sense of hearing
  2. (anatomy) ear
    Synonym: гӯш (güš)

Inflection

Inflection of самъ
singular plural
bare самъ (sam') самъҳо (sam'ho) [Term?] [Term?]
definite
object 		самъро (sam'ro) самъҳоро (sam'horo) ро (ro) ро (ro)
izofa самъи (sam'-i) самъҳои (sam'ho-yi) и (i) и (i)
indefinite,
definite
relative 		bare самъе (sam'e) — — —
object самъеро (sam'ero) — — —
Possessive forms of самъ
singular plural
bare 1st singular самъам (sam'am) самъҳоям (sam'hoyam) ам (am) ам (am)
2nd singular самъат (sam'at) самъҳоят (sam'hoyat) ат (at) ат (at)
3rd singular самъаш (sam'aš) самъҳояш (sam'hoyaš) аш (aš) аш (aš)
1st plural самъамон (sam'amon) самъҳоямон (sam'hoyamon) амон (amon) амон (amon)
2nd plural самъатон (sam'aton) самъҳоятон (sam'hoyaton) атон (aton) атон (aton)
3rd plural самъашон (sam'ašon) самъҳояшон (sam'hoyašon) ашон (ašon) ашон (ašon)
singular plural
definite
object 		1st singular самъамро (sam'amro) самъҳоямро (sam'hoyamro) амро (amro) амро (amro)
2nd singular самъатро (sam'atro) самъҳоятро (sam'hoyatro) атро (atro) атро (atro)
3rd singular самъашро (sam'ašro) самъҳояшро (sam'hoyašro) ашро (ašro) ашро (ašro)
1st plural самъамонро (sam'amonro) самъҳоямонро (sam'hoyamonro) амонро (amonro) амонро (amonro)
2nd plural самъатонро (sam'atonro) самъҳоятонро (sam'hoyatonro) атонро (atonro) атонро (atonro)
3rd plural самъашонро (sam'ašonro) самъҳояшонро (sam'hoyašonro) ашонро (ašonro) ашонро (ašonro)
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