натна
Bulgarian
Etymology
By surface analysis, на- (na-) + *тна (*tna). Diachronically, probably from Proto-Slavic *natęti (“to strike, to pierce”) (pres. stem: *natьnǫ)?
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈnatnɐ]
- Rhymes: -atnɐ
- Syllabification(key): нат‧на
Verb
на́тна • (nátna) first-singular present indicative, pf (imperfective на́тинам or на́тнувам) (dialectal, obsolete)
- (transitive) to tuck, to skewer, to impale
- да натна на ръжен ― da natna na rǎžen ― to skewer [something] onto a spit
- (by extension) to install, to set up, to implant forcefully
- (figurative) to put on cloths/attire frantically
- Хитно си натнах одеждата.
- Hitno si natnah odeždata.
- [I] frantically put on my overwear.
Conjugation
Conjugation of на́тна (conjugation 1.2, perfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | — | на́тнал nátnal |
на́тнел nátnel |
на́тнат nátnat |
— | |
| definite subject form | — | на́тналият nátnalijat |
— | на́тнатият nátnatijat | |||
| definite object form | — | на́тналия nátnalija |
— | на́тнатия nátnatija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | — | на́тнала nátnala |
на́тнела nátnela |
на́тната nátnata | ||
| definite | — | на́тналата nátnalata |
— | на́тнатата nátnatata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | — | на́тнало nátnalo |
на́тнело nátnelo |
на́тнато nátnato |
— | |
| definite | — | на́тналото nátnaloto |
— | на́тнатото nátnatoto |
— | ||
| plural | indefinite | — | на́тнали nátnali |
на́тнели nátneli |
на́тнати nátnati |
— | |
| definite | — | на́тналите nátnalite |
— | на́тнатите nátnatite |
— | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | на́тна nátna |
на́тнеш nátneš |
на́тне nátne |
на́тнем nátnem |
на́тнете nátnete |
на́тнат nátnat | |
| imperfect | на́тнех nátneh |
на́тнеше nátneše |
на́тнеше nátneše |
на́тнехме nátnehme |
на́тнехте nátnehte |
на́тнеха nátneha | |
| aorist | на́тнах nátnah |
на́тна nátna |
на́тна nátna |
на́тнахме nátnahme |
на́тнахте nátnahte |
на́тнаха nátnaha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and на́тнел m, на́тнела f, на́тнело n, or на́тнели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and на́тнел m, на́тнела f, на́тнело n, or на́тнели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and на́тнел m, на́тнела f, на́тнело n, or на́тнели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and на́тнал m, на́тнала f, на́тнало n, or на́тнали pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| натни́ natní |
натне́те natnéte |
||||||
Related terms
- за́тна pf (zátna), за́тинам impf (zátinam) (dialectal)
References
- Nayden Gerov; Тодор Панчев (1908), “на́тна, -ешь; -налъ”, in Допълнение на българския рѣчникъ [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 6, Plovdiv: Печатница "Трудъ" на Петко Бѣловѣждовъ, page 225
Further reading
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “натнел”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 554