борщ
Mongolian
Alternative forms
- борш (borš) — nonstandard
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɔrɕ/
- Syllabification: борщ (1 syllable)
Noun
борщ • (boršč)
Usage notes
Due to its rarity, щ (šč) is sometimes replaced by the more common ш (š).
Declension
|
Russian
Alternative forms
- борщъ (boršč) — pre-1918 spelling
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъrščь, originally meaning “hogweed”, then “hogweed soup”, later “beetroot soup”, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bursktis.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [borɕː]
Audio: (file)
Noun
борщ • (boršč) m inan (genitive борща́, nominative plural борщи́, genitive plural борще́й, relational adjective борщево́й, diminutive бо́рщик or борще́ц or борщо́к)
- borscht, borsht, borshch, borsch (a soup made of beets and cabbage)
- 1937, Владимир Набоков [Vladimir Nabokov], “Глава третья”, in Дар; English translation from Michael Scammell with the collaboration of the author, transl., The Gift, New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1963:
- Она́ ме́дленно размеша́ла в борще́ бе́лый восклица́тельный знак смета́ны, но зате́м, пожа́в плечо́м, отста́вила таре́лку.
- Oná médlenno razmešála v borščé bélyj vosklicátelʹnyj znak smetány, no zatém, požáv plečóm, otstávila tarélku.
- She was slowly mixing a white exclamation mark of sour cream into her borshch, but then, shrugging her shoulders, she pushed her plate away.
- (dated) hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium)
Declension
Related terms
- борщеви́к m (borščevík)
Descendants
- → Armenian: բորշ (borš)
- → Bulgarian: борш (borš)
- → Czech: boršč
- → Japanese: ボルシチ
- → Korean: 보르시 (boreusi)
- → Macedonian: боршч (boršč)
- → Mongolian: борщ (boršč)
- → Romanian: borș
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Slovak: boršč
- →? Pannonian Rusyn: борщ (boršč)
- → Slovene: boršč
- → Yakut: борщ (boršč), буорус (buorus)
See also
- переборщи́ть pf (pereborščítʹ), переба́рщивать impf (perebárščivatʹ)
Further reading
- Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “борщ”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
Ukrainian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъrščь, first meaning “hogweed”, then “hogweed soup”, later “beet soup”, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bursktis. For the semantic shift compare Polish barszcz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [bɔrʃt͡ʃ]
Audio: (file)
Noun
борщ • (boršč) m inan (genitive борщу́, nominative plural борщі́, genitive plural борщі́в, relational adjective борще́вий or борщови́й or борщівни́й, diminutive бо́рщик or борще́ць)
- borscht, beet soup
- hogweed, Heracleum sphondylium
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | борщ boršč |
борщі́ borščí |
| genitive | борщу́ borščú |
борщі́в borščív |
| dative | борще́ві, борщу́ borščévi, borščú |
борща́м borščám |
| accusative | борщ boršč |
борщі́ borščí |
| instrumental | борще́м borščém |
борща́ми borščámy |
| locative | борщу́, борщі́ borščú, borščí |
борща́х borščáx |
| vocative | бо́рщу bóršču |
борщі́ borščí |
Derived terms
- борщівни́к m (borščivnýk), борщівни́ця f (borščivnýcja) (seller of borscht; lover of borscht)
- борщува́ти impf (borščuváty) (to eat borscht)
- перебо́рщувати impf (perebórščuvaty), переборщи́ти pf (pereborščýty) (to overdo)
References
- Jaroslav Rudnyckyj (1962–1972), “борщ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, →LCCN, page 179
- Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “*борщ*”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “борщ”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2025), “борщ”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–15 (а – п'ять), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- “борщ”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection][1]
- “борщ”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua, Slovnyk.ua][2]
Yakut
Alternative forms
- буорус (buorus)
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian борщ (boršč), from Old East Slavic борщь (borščĭ), from Proto-Slavic *bъrščь.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [bu͡ɔɐ̯rɕː]
- Hyphenation: борщ
Noun
борщ • (boršč) (definite accusative борщу, dative борщка)
Declension
| singular | ||
|---|---|---|
| nominative | борщ (boršč) | |
| partitive | борщта (borščta) | |
| accusative | indefinite | борщ (boršč) |
| definite | борщу (boršču) | |
| dative | борщка (borščka) | |
| adjectival locative |
борщтааҕы (borščtaağï) | |
| ablative | борщтан (borščtan) | |
| instrumental | борщунан (borščunan) | |
| comitative | борщтуун (borščtuun) | |
| sociative | борщтары (borščtarï) | |
| obsolete comparative |
борщтук (borščtuk) | |
| elative | борщтааҕар (borščtaağar) | |
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
| мин (min) | эн (en) | кини (kini) | биһиги (bihigi) | эһиги (ehigi) | кинилэр (kiniler) | |
| nominative | борщум (borščum) | борщуҥ (borščuŋ) | борща (boršča) | борщпут (borščput) | борщкут (borščkut) | борщтара (borščtara) |
| accusative | борщпун (borščpun) | борщкун (borščkun) | борщун (borščun) | борщпутун (borščputun) | борщкутун (borščkutun) | борщтарын (borščtarïn) |
| dative | борщпар (borščpar) | борщкар (borščkar) | борщугар (borščugar) | борщпутугар (borščputugar) | борщкутугар (borščkutugar) | борщтарыгар (borščtarïgar) |
| ablative | борщпуттан (borščputtan) | борщкуттан (borščkuttan) | борщуттан (borščuttan) | борщпутуттан (borščpututtan) | борщкутуттан (borščkututtan) | борщтарыттан (borščtarïttan) |
| instrumental | борщпунан (borščpunan) | борщкунан (borščkunan) | борщунан (borščunan) | борщпутунан (borščputunan) | борщкутунан (borščkutunan) | борщтарынан (borščtarïnan) |
| comitative | борщпунуун (borščpunuun) | борщкунуун (borščkunuun) | борщунуун (borščunuun) | борщпутунуун (borščputunuun) | борщкутунуун (borščkutunuun) | борщтарыныын (borščtarïnïïn) |
| comparative | борщпунааҕар (borščpunaağar) | борщкунааҕар (borščkunaağar) | борщунааҕар (borščunaağar) | борщпутунааҕар (borščputunaağar) | борщкутунааҕар (borščkutunaağar) | борщтарынааҕар (borščtarïnaağar) |