арыш
Bashkir
Etymology
Either from Russian рожь (rožʹ) or Permic. See more at Tatar entry below.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɑˈrɯ̞ʂ]
- Hyphenation: а‧рыш
Noun
арыш • (arış)
- rye
- Арыш икмәге.
- Arış ikməge.
- Rye bread.
Declension
| singular only | |
|---|---|
| absolute | арыш (arış) |
| definite genitive | арыштың (arıştıñ) |
| dative | арышҡа (arışqa) |
| definite accusative | арышты (arıştı) |
| locative | арышта (arışta) |
| ablative | арыштан (arıştan) |
Kazakh
Etymology
Possibly borrowed from Russian рыжик (ryžik).
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /arəʃ/, [ɑɾɤ̆ʃ]
Noun
арыш • (aryş)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | арыш (aryş) | арыштар (aryştar) |
| genitive | арыштың (aryştyñ) | арыштардың (aryştardyñ) |
| dative | арышқа (aryşqa) | арыштарға (aryştarğa) |
| accusative | арышты (aryşty) | арыштарды (aryştardy) |
| locative | арышта (aryşta) | арыштарда (aryştarda) |
| ablative | арыштан (aryştan) | арыштардан (aryştardan) |
| instrumental | арышпен (aryşpen) | арыштармен (aryştarmen) |
| similative | арыштай (aryştai) | арыштардай (aryştardai) |
References
- “арыш” in Sozdik.kk.
Tatar
Etymology
Usually considered to be borrowed from Russian рожь (rožʹ, “rye”), which is doubted by Savelyev and Akhmetyanov, the latter argues that this would be expected to yield *эрүш (*erüş) instead.
Alternatively, borrowed from Permic. Compare Eastern Mari уржа (urža), Western Mari ыржа (yrža), Komi-Zyrian рудзег (rudźeg), Udmurt ӟег (dźeg), also Chuvash ыраш (yraš) (see more there). These derive from Proto-Permic *ruʒ́ / *ruʒ́äg, itself either borrowed from Proto-Iranian *ruǰa-, *ruȷ̌ika- or an early Slavic dialect. Related to Proto-Balto-Slavic *rugís and Proto-Germanic *rugiz.
The word later spread to other Turkic languages, likely via Tatar, historically the most populous Turkic group cultivating rye.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɒˈɾɯ̞ʂ]
Noun
арыш • (arış)
- rye
- Арыш икмәге.
- Arış ikmäge.
- Rye bread.
Descendants
References
- Axmetʹjanov, R. G. (2015), “арыш”, in Татар теленең этимологик сүзлеге / Этимологический словарь татарского языка [Tatar etymological dictionary] (in Tatar), Kazan: Magarif-Vakyt, →ISBN
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “рожь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Savelʹjev, A. V. (2014), Otraženije dialektnyx osobennostej v staropisʹmennyx pamjatnikax čuvašskovo jazyka XVIII veka (na materiale Slovarja Pallasa) [Dialect features in Old Written Chuvash sources from the 18th century (based on the evidence from Peter Pallas's dictionary)] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences