ψωμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally compared to Sanskrit प्साति (psā́ti, “to eat, consume”). However, Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, together with ψάω (psáō, “to rub, wipe, touch lightly”), ψωλός (psōlós, “circumcised”), ψώρα (psṓra, “mange”), ψωρός (psōrós, “itchy, scabby”), and ψωχός (psōkhós, “sandy”).^[1] The word may have been formed as ψώω (psṓō), an alternative form of ψάω (psáō), + -μός (-mós).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /psɔː.mós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /psoˈmos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /psoˈmos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /psoˈmos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /psoˈmos/

Noun

ψωμός • (psōmós) m (genitive ψωμοῦ); second declension

morsel, bit
Synonyms: ἄκολος (ákolos), ἀττᾰ́ρᾰγος (attắrăgos), βλωμός (blōmós), ψῑ́ξ (psī́x)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ψωμός; τοῦ ψωμοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ψωμός ho psōmós	τὼ ψωμώ tṑ psōmṓ	οἱ ψωμοί hoi psōmoí
Genitive	τοῦ ψωμοῦ toû psōmoû	τοῖν ψωμοῖν toîn psōmoîn	τῶν ψωμῶν tôn psōmôn
Dative	τῷ ψωμῷ tōî psōmōî	τοῖν ψωμοῖν toîn psōmoîn	τοῖς ψωμοῖς toîs psōmoîs
Accusative	τὸν ψωμόν tòn psōmón	τὼ ψωμώ tṑ psōmṓ	τοὺς ψωμούς toùs psōmoús
Vocative	ψωμέ psōmé	ψωμώ psōmṓ	ψωμοί psōmoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ψωμᾰ́ρῐον (psōmắrĭon)
ψώμηξ (psṓmēx)
ψώμῐγξ (psṓmĭnx)
ψωμῐ́ζω (psōmĭ́zō)
ψωμῐ́ον (psōmĭ́on)
ψωμῐ́ς (psōmĭ́s)
ψώμῐσμᾰ (psṓmĭsmă)
ψωμῐσμός (psōmĭsmós)
ψωμόδουλος (psōmódoulos)
ψωμοκόλᾰξ (psōmokólăx)
ψωμοκόλᾰφος (psōmokólăphos)
ψωμόλεθρος (psōmólethros)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ψῶ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1673: “VAR Also ψωμός”