σκάνδαλον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *skend-der.?
Ancient Greek σκάνδαλον

    Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to jump”), and compared with Latin scandō (“to ascend”), Sanskrit स्कन्दति (skandati, “to jump, hop, hurry”). The original sense, per Beekes, was probably "a piece of wood hanging on ropes, used by acrobats as well as trap-setters"; under the Indo-European theory, the term would thus be interpreted as "wood for jumping or climbing". Beekes is unconvinced by the semantics, as well as the unexplained -α- (-a-) in the Greek form, and prefers to take it as Pre-Greek,[1] though he admits the possibility of a loan from some other lost Indo-European language, perhaps from the root *skend- mentioned above.[2]

    Pronunciation

     

    Noun

    σκᾰ́νδᾰλον • (skắndălon) n (genitive σκᾰνδᾰ́λου); second declension

    1. trap, snare
    2. enticement, temptation
    3. offense, scandal
    4. stumbling block

    Inflection

    Second declension of τὸ σκᾰ́νδᾰλον; τοῦ σκᾰνδᾰ́λου (Attic)
    Case / # Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative τὸ σκᾰ́νδᾰλον
    tò skắndălon     		τὼ σκᾰνδᾰ́λω
    tṑ skăndắlō     		τᾰ̀ σκᾰ́νδᾰλᾰ
    tằ skắndălă
    Genitive τοῦ σκᾰνδᾰ́λου
    toû skăndắlou     		τοῖν σκᾰνδᾰ́λοιν
    toîn skăndắloin     		τῶν σκᾰνδᾰ́λων
    tôn skăndắlōn
    Dative τῷ σκᾰνδᾰ́λῳ
    tōî skăndắlōi     		τοῖν σκᾰνδᾰ́λοιν
    toîn skăndắloin     		τοῖς σκᾰνδᾰ́λοις
    toîs skăndắlois
    Accusative τὸ σκᾰ́νδᾰλον
    tò skắndălon     		τὼ σκᾰνδᾰ́λω
    tṑ skăndắlō     		τᾰ̀ σκᾰ́νδᾰλᾰ
    tằ skắndălă
    Vocative σκᾰ́νδᾰλον
    skắndălon     		σκᾰνδᾰ́λω
    skăndắlō     		σκᾰ́νδᾰλᾰ
    skắndălă
    Notes:
    • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    References

    1. ^ van Beek, Lucien (2022), The Reflexes of Syllabic Liquids in Ancient Greek (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 22)‎[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 40
    2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “σκάνδαλον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1341-2
    3. ^ Oryol, Vladimir E. (1998), “shkandull”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 417

    Further reading

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