νάφω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The term is only attested in the form νᾶφε (nâphe), which appears in a specific manuscript that contains fragments of the writings of Epicharmus. Other manuscripts, however, contain the form νῆφε (nêphe). According to the linguist Michael Weiss, this may indicate that this term is a hyperdoricism created during the Medieval or Renaissance period.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /nǎː.pʰɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈna.pʰo/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈna.ɸo/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈna.fo/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈna.fo/

Verb

νᾱ́φω • (nā́phō)

Doric form of νήφω (nḗphō)

Conjugation

Present: νᾱ́φω, νᾱ́φομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	νᾱ́φω	νᾱ́φεις	νᾱ́φει	νᾱ́φετον	νᾱ́φετον	νᾱ́φομεν	νᾱ́φετε	νᾱ́φουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	νᾱ́φω	νᾱ́φῃς	νᾱ́φῃ	νᾱ́φητον	νᾱ́φητον	νᾱ́φωμεν	νᾱ́φητε	νᾱ́φωσῐ(ν)
	optative	νᾱ́φοιμῐ	νᾱ́φοις	νᾱ́φοι	νᾱ́φοιτον	νᾱφοίτην	νᾱ́φοιμεν	νᾱ́φοιτε	νᾱ́φοιεν
	imperative		νᾶφε	νᾱφέτω	νᾱ́φετον	νᾱφέτων		νᾱ́φετε	νᾱφόντων
middle/passive	indicative	νᾱ́φομαι	νᾱ́φῃ, νᾱ́φει	νᾱ́φεται	νᾱ́φεσθον	νᾱ́φεσθον	νᾱφόμεθᾰ	νᾱ́φεσθε	νᾱ́φονται
	subjunctive	νᾱ́φωμαι	νᾱ́φῃ	νᾱ́φηται	νᾱ́φησθον	νᾱ́φησθον	νᾱφώμεθᾰ	νᾱ́φησθε	νᾱ́φωνται
	optative	νᾱφοίμην	νᾱ́φοιο	νᾱ́φοιτο	νᾱ́φοισθον	νᾱφοίσθην	νᾱφοίμεθᾰ	νᾱ́φοισθε	νᾱ́φοιντο
	imperative		νᾱ́φου	νᾱφέσθω	νᾱ́φεσθον	νᾱφέσθων		νᾱ́φεσθε	νᾱφέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		νᾱ́φειν				νᾱ́φεσθαι
participle	m	νᾱ́φων				νᾱφόμενος
	f	νᾱ́φουσᾰ				νᾱφομένη
	n	νᾶφον				νᾱφόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

“νήφω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Michael Weiss (1994), “On the Non-verbal Origin of the Greek Verb νήφειν ‘to be sober’”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics‎^[1], volume 107, number 1, →ISSN, pages 91–98