μηκύνω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
From μῆκος (mêkos, “length”) + -ῡ́νω (-ū́nō).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /mɛː.ky̌ː.nɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /me̝ˈky.no/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /miˈcy.no/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /miˈcy.no/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /miˈci.no/
Verb
μηκῡ́νω • (mēkū́nō)
- to lengthen
- to grow up
- 65 CE – 70 CE, The Gospel of Mark 4:27:
- καὶ καθεύδῃ καὶ ἐγείρηται νύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν, καὶ ὁ σπόρος βλαστάνῃ καὶ μηκύνηται ὡς οὐκ οἶδεν αὐτός.
- kaì katheúdēi kaì egeírētai núkta kaì hēméran, kaì ho spóros blastánēi kaì mēkúnētai hōs ouk oîden autós.
- Translation by KJV
- And should sleep, and rise night and day, and the seed should spring and grow up, he knoweth not how.
- καὶ καθεύδῃ καὶ ἐγείρηται νύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν, καὶ ὁ σπόρος βλαστάνῃ καὶ μηκύνηται ὡς οὐκ οἶδεν αὐτός.
Inflection
Present: μηκῡ́νω, μηκῡ́νομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | μηκῡ́νω | μηκῡ́νεις | μηκῡ́νει | μηκῡ́νετον | μηκῡ́νετον | μηκῡ́νομεν | μηκῡ́νετε | μηκῡ́νουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | μηκῡ́νω | μηκῡ́νῃς | μηκῡ́νῃ | μηκῡ́νητον | μηκῡ́νητον | μηκῡ́νωμεν | μηκῡ́νητε | μηκῡ́νωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | μηκῡ́νοιμῐ | μηκῡ́νοις | μηκῡ́νοι | μηκῡ́νοιτον | μηκῡνοίτην | μηκῡ́νοιμεν | μηκῡ́νοιτε | μηκῡ́νοιεν | |||||
| imperative | μήκῡνε | μηκῡνέτω | μηκῡ́νετον | μηκῡνέτων | μηκῡ́νετε | μηκῡνόντων | |||||||
| middle/ |
indicative | μηκῡ́νομαι | μηκῡ́νῃ, μηκῡ́νει |
μηκῡ́νεται | μηκῡ́νεσθον | μηκῡ́νεσθον | μηκῡνόμεθᾰ | μηκῡ́νεσθε | μηκῡ́νονται | ||||
| subjunctive | μηκῡ́νωμαι | μηκῡ́νῃ | μηκῡ́νηται | μηκῡ́νησθον | μηκῡ́νησθον | μηκῡνώμεθᾰ | μηκῡ́νησθε | μηκῡ́νωνται | |||||
| optative | μηκῡνοίμην | μηκῡ́νοιο | μηκῡ́νοιτο | μηκῡ́νοισθον | μηκῡνοίσθην | μηκῡνοίμεθᾰ | μηκῡ́νοισθε | μηκῡ́νοιντο | |||||
| imperative | μηκῡ́νου | μηκῡνέσθω | μηκῡ́νεσθον | μηκῡνέσθων | μηκῡ́νεσθε | μηκῡνέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/ | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | μηκῡ́νειν | μηκῡ́νεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | μηκῡ́νων | μηκῡνόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | μηκῡ́νουσᾰ | μηκῡνομένη | |||||||||||
| n | μηκῦνον | μηκῡνόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἐμήκῡνον, ἐμηκῡνόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐμήκῡνον | ἐμήκῡνες | ἐμήκῡνε(ν) | ἐμηκῡ́νετον | ἐμηκῡνέτην | ἐμηκῡ́νομεν | ἐμηκῡ́νετε | ἐμήκῡνον | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ἐμηκῡνόμην | ἐμηκῡ́νου | ἐμηκῡ́νετο | ἐμηκῡ́νεσθον | ἐμηκῡνέσθην | ἐμηκῡνόμεθᾰ | ἐμηκῡ́νεσθε | ἐμηκῡ́νοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: μηκῠνέω, μηκῠνέομαι (Uncontracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | μηκῠνέω | μηκῠνέεις | μηκῠνέει | μηκῠνέετον | μηκῠνέετον | μηκῠνέομεν | μηκῠνέετε | μηκῠνέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | μηκῠνέοιμῐ | μηκῠνέοις | μηκῠνέοι | μηκῠνέοιτον | μηκῠνεοίτην | μηκῠνέοιμεν | μηκῠνέοιτε | μηκῠνέοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | μηκῠνέομαι | μηκῠνέῃ, μηκῠνέει |
μηκῠνέεται | μηκῠνέεσθον | μηκῠνέεσθον | μηκῠνεόμεθᾰ | μηκῠνέεσθε | μηκῠνέονται | ||||
| optative | μηκῠνεοίμην | μηκῠνέοιο | μηκῠνέοιτο | μηκῠνέοισθον | μηκῠνεοίσθην | μηκῠνεοίμεθᾰ | μηκῠνέοισθε | μηκῠνέοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | μηκῠνέειν | μηκῠνέεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | μηκῠνέων | μηκῠνεόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | μηκῠνέουσᾰ | μηκῠνεομένη | |||||||||||
| n | μηκῠνέον | μηκῠνεόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: μηκῠνῶ, μηκῠνοῦμαι (Contracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | μηκῠνῶ | μηκῠνεῖς | μηκῠνεῖ | μηκῠνεῖτον | μηκῠνεῖτον | μηκῠνοῦμεν | μηκῠνεῖτε | μηκῠνοῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | μηκῠνοίην, μηκῠνοῖμῐ |
μηκῠνοίης, μηκῠνοῖς |
μηκῠνοίη, μηκῠνοῖ |
μηκῠνοῖτον, μηκῠνοίητον |
μηκῠνοίτην, μηκῠνοιήτην |
μηκῠνοῖμεν, μηκῠνοίημεν |
μηκῠνοῖτε, μηκῠνοίητε |
μηκῠνοῖεν, μηκῠνοίησᾰν | |||||
| middle | indicative | μηκῠνοῦμαι | μηκῠνῇ | μηκῠνεῖται | μηκῠνεῖσθον | μηκῠνεῖσθον | μηκῠνούμεθᾰ | μηκῠνεῖσθε | μηκῠνοῦνται | ||||
| optative | μηκῠνοίμην | μηκῠνοῖο | μηκῠνοῖτο | μηκῠνοῖσθον | μηκῠνοίσθην | μηκῠνοίμεθᾰ | μηκῠνοῖσθε | μηκῠνοῖντο | |||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | μηκῠνεῖν | μηκῠνεῖσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | μηκῠνῶν | μηκῠνούμενος | ||||||||||
| f | μηκῠνοῦσᾰ | μηκῠνουμένη | |||||||||||
| n | μηκῠνοῦν | μηκῠνούμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἐμήκῡνᾰ, ἐμηκῡνᾰ́μην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐμήκῡνᾰ | ἐμήκῡνᾰς | ἐμήκῡνε(ν) | ἐμηκῡ́νᾰτον | ἐμηκῡνᾰ́την | ἐμηκῡ́νᾰμεν | ἐμηκῡ́νᾰτε | ἐμήκῡνᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | μηκῡ́νω | μηκῡ́νῃς | μηκῡ́νῃ | μηκῡ́νητον | μηκῡ́νητον | μηκῡ́νωμεν | μηκῡ́νητε | μηκῡ́νωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | μηκῡ́ναιμῐ | μηκῡ́νειᾰς, μηκῡ́ναις |
μηκῡ́νειε(ν), μηκῡ́ναι |
μηκῡ́ναιτον | μηκῡναίτην | μηκῡ́ναιμεν | μηκῡ́ναιτε | μηκῡ́νειᾰν, μηκῡ́ναιεν | |||||
| imperative | μήκῡνον | μηκῡνᾰ́τω | μηκῡ́νᾰτον | μηκῡνᾰ́των | μηκῡ́νᾰτε | μηκῡνᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐμηκῡνᾰ́μην | ἐμηκῡ́νω | ἐμηκῡ́νᾰτο | ἐμηκῡ́νᾰσθον | ἐμηκῡνᾰ́σθην | ἐμηκῡνᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐμηκῡ́νᾰσθε | ἐμηκῡ́νᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | μηκῡ́νωμαι | μηκῡ́νῃ | μηκῡ́νηται | μηκῡ́νησθον | μηκῡ́νησθον | μηκῡνώμεθᾰ | μηκῡ́νησθε | μηκῡ́νωνται | |||||
| optative | μηκῡναίμην | μηκῡ́ναιο | μηκῡ́ναιτο | μηκῡ́ναισθον | μηκῡναίσθην | μηκῡναίμεθᾰ | μηκῡ́ναισθε | μηκῡ́ναιντο | |||||
| imperative | μήκῡναι | μηκῡνᾰ́σθω | μηκῡ́νᾰσθον | μηκῡνᾰ́σθων | μηκῡ́νᾰσθε | μηκῡνᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | μηκῦναι | μηκῡ́νᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | μηκῡ́νᾱς | μηκῡνᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
| f | μηκῡ́νᾱσᾰ | μηκῡνᾰμένη | |||||||||||
| n | μηκῦνᾰν | μηκῡνᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: μεμήκῠσμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ |
indicative | μεμήκῠσμαι | μεμήκῠνσαι | μεμήκῠνται | μεμήκῠνθον | μεμήκῠνθον | μεμηκῠ́σμεθᾰ | μεμήκῠνθε | μεμηκῠ́νᾰται | ||||
| subjunctive | μεμηκῠσμένος ὦ | μεμηκῠσμένος ᾖς | μεμηκῠσμένος ᾖ | μεμηκῠσμένω ἦτον | μεμηκῠσμένω ἦτον | μεμηκῠσμένοι ὦμεν | μεμηκῠσμένοι ἦτε | μεμηκῠσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | μεμηκῠσμένος εἴην | μεμηκῠσμένος εἴης | μεμηκῠσμένος εἴη | μεμηκῠσμένω εἴητον, εἶτον |
μεμηκῠσμένω εἰήτην, εἴτην |
μεμηκῠσμένοι εἴημεν, εἶμεν |
μεμηκῠσμένοι εἴητε, εἶτε |
μεμηκῠσμένοι εἴησᾰν, εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | μεμήκῠνσο | μεμηκῠ́νθω | μεμήκῠνθον | μεμηκῠ́νθων | μεμήκῠνθε | μεμηκῠ́νθων | |||||||
| middle/ | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | μεμηκῠ́νθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | μεμηκῠσμένος | |||||||||||
| f | μεμηκῠσμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | μεμηκῠσμένον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
References
Further reading
- μηκύνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- μηκύνω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- “μηκύνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- μηκύνω in Pape, Wilhelm (1914), Max Sengebusch, editor, Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache[2] (in German), 3rd edition, Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn
- G3373 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[3], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μῆκος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 942