θέω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
From earlier θεϝ- (thew-), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“to run, flow”). Cognate to Sanskrit धाव॑ति (dhā́vati, “to run; to fly”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tʰé.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtʰe.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈθe.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈθe.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈθe.o/
Verb
θέω • (théō)
Usage notes
- Because the present stem originally ended εϝ- (ew-), the only contracted forms which occur are those in ⟨ει⟩.
- Typically only used in the present & imperfect active, the future middle or (rarely) the future active. Other tenses are suppleted by τρέχω (trékhō, and by extension *δρέμω (*drémō), which suppletes many of its forms in turn).
Conjugation
Present: θέω (Attic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | θέω | θεῖς | θεῖ | θεῖτον | θεῖτον | θέομεν | θεῖτε | θέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | θέω | θέῃς | θέῃ | θέητον | θέητον | θέωμεν | θέητε | θέωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | θέοιμῐ | θέοις | θέοι | θέοιτον | θεοίτην | θέοιμεν | θέοιτε | θέοιεν | |||||
| imperative | θεῖ | θείτω | θεῖτον | θείτων | θεῖτε | θεόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | θέειν | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | θέων | |||||||||||
| f | θέουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | θέον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Present: θέω (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | θέω | θέεις | θέει | θέετον | θέετον | θέομεν | θέετε | θέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | θέω, θέωμῐ |
θέῃς, θέῃσθᾰ |
θέῃ, θέῃσῐ(ν) |
θέητον | θέητον | θέωμεν | θέητε | θέωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | θέοιμῐ | θέοις, θέοισθᾰ |
θέοι | θέοιτον | θεοίτην | θέοιμεν | θέοιτε | θέοιεν | |||||
| imperative | θέε | θεέτω | θέετον | θεέτων | θέετε | θεόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | θέειν, θεέμεν(αι), θέμεν(αι) |
||||||||||||
| participle | m | θέων | |||||||||||
| f | θέουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | θέον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | θέον, ἔθεον |
θέες, ἔθεες, ἔθεις |
θέε(ν), ἔθεε(ν), ἔθει |
θέετον, ἐθέετον, ἐθεῖτον |
θεέτην, ἐθεέτην, ἐθείτην |
θέομεν, ἐθέομεν |
θέετε, ἐθέετε, ἐθεῖτε |
θέον, ἔθεον | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: θέεσκον (Epic, iterative)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | θέεσκον | θέεσκες | θέεσκε(ν) | θεέσκετον | θεεσκέτην | θεέσκομεν | θεέσκετε | θέεσκον | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | θεύσω | θεύσεις | θεύσει | θεύσετον | θεύσετον | θεύσομεν | θεύσετε | θεύσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | θεύσοιμῐ | θεύσοις | θεύσοι | θεύσοιτον | θευσοίτην | θεύσοιμεν | θεύσοιτε | θεύσοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | θεύσομαι | θεύσῃ, θεύσει |
θεύσεται | θεύσεσθον | θεύσεσθον | θευσόμεθᾰ | θεύσεσθε | θεύσονται | ||||
| optative | θευσοίμην | θεύσοιο | θεύσοιτο | θεύσοισθον | θευσοίσθην | θευσοίμεθᾰ | θεύσοισθε | θεύσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | θεύσειν | θεύσεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | θεύσων | θευσόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | θεύσουσᾰ | θευσομένη | |||||||||||
| n | θεῦσον | θευσόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: θεύσομαι (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | θεύσομαι | θεύσεαι, θεύσῃ |
θεύσεται | θεύσεσθον | θεύσεσθον | θευσόμε(σ)θᾰ | θεύσεσθε | θεύσονται | ||||
| optative | θευσοίμην | θεύσοιο | θεύσοιτο | θεύσοισθον | θευσοίσθην | θευσοίμε(σ)θᾰ | θεύσοισθε | θευσοίᾰτο | |||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | θεύσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | θευσόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | θευσομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | θευσόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀμφιθέω (amphithéō)
- ἀναθέω (anathéō)
- ἀντιθέω (antithéō)
- ἀποθέω (apothéō)
- ἀποπροθέω (apoprothéō)
- διαθέω (diathéō)
- διεκθέω (diekthéō)
- εἰσθέω (eisthéō)
- ἐκθέω (ekthéō)
- ἐπαναθέω (epanathéō)
- ἐπιθέω (epithéō)
- ἐπιπροθέω (epiprothéō)
- θεῦσις (theûsis)
- Θόας (Thóas)
- θοός (thoós)
- καταθέω (katathéō)
- μεταθέω (metathéō)
- παραθέω (parathéō)
- παρεκθέω (parekthéō)
- περιαποθέω (periapothéō)
- περιθέω (perithéō)
- προεκθέω (proekthéō)
- προθέω (prothéō)
- προκαταθέω (prokatathéō)
- προσθέω (prosthéō)
- συμπαραθέω (sumparathéō)
- συμπεριθέω (sumperithéō)
- συνδιαθέω (sundiathéō)
- συνεκθέω (sunekthéō)
- συνθέω (sunthéō)
- ὑπεκθέω (hupekthéō)
- ὑπερθέω (huperthéō)
- ὑποθέω (hupothéō)
- ὠκύθοος (ōkúthoos)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “θέω 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 544
Further reading
- “θέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “θέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “θέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- θέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- θέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Encyclopedia Papyrus Larousse (1963)
- J.B Hofmann, Ετυμολογικόν Λεξικόν της Αρχαίας Ελληνικής (Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Griechischen)