εἰκάζω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- ἐϊκάσδω (eïkásdō) — Aeolic
Etymology
Possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to become equal”), although there are no cognates outside of Greek. Cognate with εἰκών (eikṓn), ἔοικᾰ (éoikă).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /eː.káz.dɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /iˈka.zo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /iˈka.zo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /iˈka.zo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /iˈka.zo/
Verb
εἰκάζω • (eikázō)
Conjugation
Present: εἰκάζω, εἰκάζομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | εἰκάζω | εἰκάζεις | εἰκάζει | εἰκάζετον | εἰκάζετον | εἰκάζομεν | εἰκάζετε | εἰκάζουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | εἰκάζω | εἰκάζῃς | εἰκάζῃ | εἰκάζητον | εἰκάζητον | εἰκάζωμεν | εἰκάζητε | εἰκάζωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | εἰκάζοιμῐ | εἰκάζοις | εἰκάζοι | εἰκάζοιτον | εἰκαζοίτην | εἰκάζοιμεν | εἰκάζοιτε | εἰκάζοιεν | |||||
| imperative | εἴκαζε | εἰκαζέτω | εἰκάζετον | εἰκαζέτων | εἰκάζετε | εἰκαζόντων | |||||||
| middle/ |
indicative | εἰκάζομαι | εἰκάζῃ, εἰκάζει |
εἰκάζεται | εἰκάζεσθον | εἰκάζεσθον | εἰκαζόμεθᾰ | εἰκάζεσθε | εἰκάζονται | ||||
| subjunctive | εἰκάζωμαι | εἰκάζῃ | εἰκάζηται | εἰκάζησθον | εἰκάζησθον | εἰκαζώμεθᾰ | εἰκάζησθε | εἰκάζωνται | |||||
| optative | εἰκαζοίμην | εἰκάζοιο | εἰκάζοιτο | εἰκάζοισθον | εἰκαζοίσθην | εἰκαζοίμεθᾰ | εἰκάζοισθε | εἰκάζοιντο | |||||
| imperative | εἰκάζου | εἰκαζέσθω | εἰκάζεσθον | εἰκαζέσθων | εἰκάζεσθε | εἰκαζέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/ | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | εἰκάζειν | εἰκάζεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | εἰκάζων | εἰκαζόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | εἰκάζουσᾰ | εἰκαζομένη | |||||||||||
| n | εἰκᾶζον | εἰκαζόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: εἴκαζον, εἰκαζόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | εἴκαζον | εἴκαζες | εἴκαζε(ν) | εἰκάζετον | εἰκαζέτην | εἰκάζομεν | εἰκάζετε | εἴκαζον | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | εἰκαζόμην | εἰκάζου | εἰκάζετο | εἰκάζεσθον | εἰκαζέσθην | εἰκαζόμεθᾰ | εἰκάζεσθε | εἰκάζοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ᾔκαζον, ᾐκαζόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ᾔκαζον | ᾔκαζες | ᾔκαζε(ν) | ᾐκάζετον | ᾐκαζέτην | ᾐκάζομεν | ᾐκάζετε | ᾔκαζον | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ᾐκαζόμην | ᾐκάζου | ᾐκάζετο | ᾐκάζεσθον | ᾐκαζέσθην | ᾐκαζόμεθᾰ | ᾐκάζεσθε | ᾐκάζοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: εἴκᾰσᾰ, εἰκᾰσᾰ́μην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | εἴκᾰσᾰ | εἴκᾰσᾰς | εἴκᾰσε(ν) | εἰκᾰ́σᾰτον | εἰκᾰσᾰ́την | εἰκᾰ́σᾰμεν | εἰκᾰ́σᾰτε | εἴκᾰσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | εἰκᾰ́σω | εἰκᾰ́σῃς | εἰκᾰ́σῃ | εἰκᾰ́σητον | εἰκᾰ́σητον | εἰκᾰ́σωμεν | εἰκᾰ́σητε | εἰκᾰ́σωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | εἰκᾰ́σαιμῐ | εἰκᾰ́σειᾰς, εἰκᾰ́σαις |
εἰκᾰ́σειε(ν), εἰκᾰ́σαι |
εἰκᾰ́σαιτον | εἰκᾰσαίτην | εἰκᾰ́σαιμεν | εἰκᾰ́σαιτε | εἰκᾰ́σειᾰν, εἰκᾰ́σαιεν | |||||
| imperative | εἴκᾰσον | εἰκᾰσᾰ́τω | εἰκᾰ́σᾰτον | εἰκᾰσᾰ́των | εἰκᾰ́σᾰτε | εἰκᾰσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | εἰκᾰσᾰ́μην | εἰκᾰ́σω | εἰκᾰ́σᾰτο | εἰκᾰ́σᾰσθον | εἰκᾰσᾰ́σθην | εἰκᾰσᾰ́μεθᾰ | εἰκᾰ́σᾰσθε | εἰκᾰ́σᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | εἰκᾰ́σωμαι | εἰκᾰ́σῃ | εἰκᾰ́σηται | εἰκᾰ́σησθον | εἰκᾰ́σησθον | εἰκᾰσώμεθᾰ | εἰκᾰ́σησθε | εἰκᾰ́σωνται | |||||
| optative | εἰκᾰσαίμην | εἰκᾰ́σαιο | εἰκᾰ́σαιτο | εἰκᾰ́σαισθον | εἰκᾰσαίσθην | εἰκᾰσαίμεθᾰ | εἰκᾰ́σαισθε | εἰκᾰ́σαιντο | |||||
| imperative | εἴκᾰσαι | εἰκᾰσᾰ́σθω | εἰκᾰ́σᾰσθον | εἰκᾰσᾰ́σθων | εἰκᾰ́σᾰσθε | εἰκᾰσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | εἰκᾰ́σαι | εἰκᾰ́σᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | εἰκᾰ́σᾱς | εἰκᾰσᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
| f | εἰκᾰ́σᾱσᾰ | εἰκᾰσᾰμένη | |||||||||||
| n | εἰκᾰ́σᾰν | εἰκᾰσᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ᾔκᾰσᾰ | ᾔκᾰσᾰς | ᾔκᾰσε(ν) | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰτον | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́την | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰμεν | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰτε | ᾔκᾰσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | ᾐκᾰ́σω | ᾐκᾰ́σῃς | ᾐκᾰ́σῃ | ᾐκᾰ́σητον | ᾐκᾰ́σητον | ᾐκᾰ́σωμεν | ᾐκᾰ́σητε | ᾐκᾰ́σωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ᾐκᾰ́σαιμῐ | ᾐκᾰ́σειᾰς, ᾐκᾰ́σαις |
ᾐκᾰ́σειε(ν), ᾐκᾰ́σαι |
ᾐκᾰ́σαιτον | ᾐκᾰσαίτην | ᾐκᾰ́σαιμεν | ᾐκᾰ́σαιτε | ᾐκᾰ́σειᾰν, ᾐκᾰ́σαιεν | |||||
| imperative | ᾔκᾰσον | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́τω | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰτον | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́των | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰτε | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́μην | ᾐκᾰ́σω | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰτο | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰσθον | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́σθην | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰσθε | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | ᾐκᾰ́σωμαι | ᾐκᾰ́σῃ | ᾐκᾰ́σηται | ᾐκᾰ́σησθον | ᾐκᾰ́σησθον | ᾐκᾰσώμεθᾰ | ᾐκᾰ́σησθε | ᾐκᾰ́σωνται | |||||
| optative | ᾐκᾰσαίμην | ᾐκᾰ́σαιο | ᾐκᾰ́σαιτο | ᾐκᾰ́σαισθον | ᾐκᾰσαίσθην | ᾐκᾰσαίμεθᾰ | ᾐκᾰ́σαισθε | ᾐκᾰ́σαιντο | |||||
| imperative | ᾔκᾰσαι | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́σθω | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰσθον | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́σθων | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰσθε | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ᾐκᾰ́σαι | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ᾐκᾰ́σᾱς | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
| f | ᾐκᾰ́σᾱσᾰ | ᾐκᾰσᾰμένη | |||||||||||
| n | ᾐκᾰ́σᾰν | ᾐκᾰσᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: εἴκᾰκᾰ, εἴκᾰσμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | εἴκᾰκᾰ | εἴκᾰκᾰς | εἴκᾰκε(ν) | εἰκᾰ́κᾰτον | εἰκᾰ́κᾰτον | εἰκᾰ́κᾰμεν | εἰκᾰ́κᾰτε | εἰκᾰ́κᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | εἰκᾰ́κω | εἰκᾰ́κῃς | εἰκᾰ́κῃ | εἰκᾰ́κητον | εἰκᾰ́κητον | εἰκᾰ́κωμεν | εἰκᾰ́κητε | εἰκᾰ́κωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | εἰκᾰ́κοιμῐ, εἰκᾰκοίην |
εἰκᾰ́κοις, εἰκᾰκοίης |
εἰκᾰ́κοι, εἰκᾰκοίη |
εἰκᾰ́κοιτον | εἰκᾰκοίτην | εἰκᾰ́κοιμεν | εἰκᾰ́κοιτε | εἰκᾰ́κοιεν | |||||
| imperative | εἴκᾰκε | εἰκᾰκέτω | εἰκᾰ́κετον | εἰκᾰκέτων | εἰκᾰ́κετε | εἰκᾰκόντων | |||||||
| middle/ |
indicative | εἴκᾰσμαι | εἴκᾰσαι | εἴκᾰσται | εἴκᾰσθον | εἴκᾰσθον | εἰκᾰ́σμεθᾰ | εἴκᾰσθε | εἰκᾰ́δᾰται | ||||
| subjunctive | εἰκᾰσμένος ὦ | εἰκᾰσμένος ᾖς | εἰκᾰσμένος ᾖ | εἰκᾰσμένω ἦτον | εἰκᾰσμένω ἦτον | εἰκᾰσμένοι ὦμεν | εἰκᾰσμένοι ἦτε | εἰκᾰσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | εἰκᾰσμένος εἴην | εἰκᾰσμένος εἴης | εἰκᾰσμένος εἴη | εἰκᾰσμένω εἴητον, εἶτον |
εἰκᾰσμένω εἰήτην, εἴτην |
εἰκᾰσμένοι εἴημεν, εἶμεν |
εἰκᾰσμένοι εἴητε, εἶτε |
εἰκᾰσμένοι εἴησᾰν, εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | εἴκᾰσο | εἰκᾰ́σθω | εἴκᾰσθον | εἰκᾰ́σθων | εἴκᾰσθε | εἰκᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle/ | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | εἰκᾰκέναι | εἰκᾰ́σθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | εἰκᾰκώς | εἰκᾰσμένος | ||||||||||
| f | εἰκᾰκυῖᾰ | εἰκᾰσμένη | |||||||||||
| n | εἰκᾰκός | εἰκᾰσμένον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- εἰκασία (eikasía)
- εἰκάσιμος (eikásimos)
- εἴκασμα (eíkasma)
- εἰκασμός (eikasmós)
- εἰκαστέον (eikastéon)
- εἰκαστής (eikastḗs)
- εἰκαστός (eikastós)
Descendants
- Greek: εικάζω (eikázo)
Further reading
- εἰκάζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- εἰκάζω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
- “εἰκάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- assume idem, page 47.
- compare idem, page 150.
- conjecture idem, page 160.
- deduce idem, page 202.
- divine idem, page 244.
- express idem, page 295.
- forecast idem, page 336.
- gather idem, page 354.
- guess idem, page 377.
- imagine idem, page 417.
- infer idem, page 437.
- liken idem, page 492.
- portray idem, page 627.
- presume idem, page 638.
- represent idem, page 697.
- reproduce idem, page 699.
- speculate idem, page 800.
- suppose idem, page 841.
- surmise idem, page 843.
- suspect idem, page 845.
- symbolise idem, page 850.
- weigh idem, page 972.