βρύκω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- βρύχω (brúkhō)
Etymology
Beekes suggests that it derives from Proto-Indo-European *gʷruHǵʰ- and compares Old Church Slavonic грꙑсти (grysti), and possibly Old Armenian կրծեմ (krcem).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bry̌ː.kɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈbry.ko/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈβry.ko/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈvry.ko/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈvri.ko/
Verb
βρύκω • (brúkō)
Inflection
Present: βρῡ́κω, βρῡ́κομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | βρῡ́κω | βρῡ́κεις | βρῡ́κει | βρῡ́κετον | βρῡ́κετον | βρῡ́κομεν | βρῡ́κετε | βρῡ́κουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | βρῡ́κω | βρῡ́κῃς | βρῡ́κῃ | βρῡ́κητον | βρῡ́κητον | βρῡ́κωμεν | βρῡ́κητε | βρῡ́κωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βρῡ́κοιμῐ | βρῡ́κοις | βρῡ́κοι | βρῡ́κοιτον | βρῡκοίτην | βρῡ́κοιμεν | βρῡ́κοιτε | βρῡ́κοιεν | |||||
| imperative | βρῦκε | βρῡκέτω | βρῡ́κετον | βρῡκέτων | βρῡ́κετε | βρῡκόντων | |||||||
| middle/ |
indicative | βρῡ́κομαι | βρῡ́κῃ, βρῡ́κει |
βρῡ́κεται | βρῡ́κεσθον | βρῡ́κεσθον | βρῡκόμεθᾰ | βρῡ́κεσθε | βρῡ́κονται | ||||
| subjunctive | βρῡ́κωμαι | βρῡ́κῃ | βρῡ́κηται | βρῡ́κησθον | βρῡ́κησθον | βρῡκώμεθᾰ | βρῡ́κησθε | βρῡ́κωνται | |||||
| optative | βρῡκοίμην | βρῡ́κοιο | βρῡ́κοιτο | βρῡ́κοισθον | βρῡκοίσθην | βρῡκοίμεθᾰ | βρῡ́κοισθε | βρῡ́κοιντο | |||||
| imperative | βρῡ́κου | βρῡκέσθω | βρῡ́κεσθον | βρῡκέσθων | βρῡ́κεσθε | βρῡκέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/ | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | βρῡ́κειν | βρῡ́κεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | βρῡ́κων | βρῡκόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | βρῡ́κουσᾰ | βρῡκομένη | |||||||||||
| n | βρῦκον | βρῡκόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἔβρῡκον, ἐβρῡκόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔβρῡκον | ἔβρῡκες | ἔβρῡκε(ν) | ἐβρῡ́κετον | ἐβρῡκέτην | ἐβρῡ́κομεν | ἐβρῡ́κετε | ἔβρῡκον | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ἐβρῡκόμην | ἐβρῡ́κου | ἐβρῡ́κετο | ἐβρῡ́κεσθον | ἐβρῡκέσθην | ἐβρῡκόμεθᾰ | ἐβρῡ́κεσθε | ἐβρῡ́κοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: βρύξω, βρύξομαι, βρυχθήσομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | βρύξω | βρύξεις | βρύξει | βρύξετον | βρύξετον | βρύξομεν | βρύξετε | βρύξουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | βρύξοιμῐ | βρύξοις | βρύξοι | βρύξοιτον | βρυξοίτην | βρύξοιμεν | βρύξοιτε | βρύξοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | βρύξομαι | βρύξῃ, βρύξει |
βρύξεται | βρύξεσθον | βρύξεσθον | βρυξόμεθᾰ | βρύξεσθε | βρύξονται | ||||
| optative | βρυξοίμην | βρύξοιο | βρύξοιτο | βρύξοισθον | βρυξοίσθην | βρυξοίμεθᾰ | βρύξοισθε | βρύξοιντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | βρυχθήσομαι | βρυχθήσῃ, βρυχθήσει |
βρυχθήσεται | βρυχθήσεσθον | βρυχθήσεσθον | βρυχθησόμεθᾰ | βρυχθήσεσθε | βρυχθήσονται | ||||
| optative | βρυχθησοίμην | βρυχθήσοιο | βρυχθήσοιτο | βρυχθήσοισθον | βρυχθησοίσθην | βρυχθησοίμεθᾰ | βρυχθήσοισθε | βρυχθήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | βρύξειν | βρύξεσθαι | βρυχθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | βρύξων | βρυξόμενος | βρυχθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | βρύξουσᾰ | βρυξομένη | βρυχθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | βρῦξον | βρυξόμενον | βρυχθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἔβρῠξᾰ, ἐβρῠξᾰ́μην, ἐβρύχθην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔβρῠξᾰ | ἔβρῠξᾰς | ἔβρῠξε(ν) | ἐβρῠ́ξᾰτον | ἐβρῠξᾰ́την | ἐβρῠ́ξᾰμεν | ἐβρῠ́ξᾰτε | ἔβρῠξᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | βρῠ́ξω | βρῠ́ξῃς | βρῠ́ξῃ | βρῠ́ξητον | βρῠ́ξητον | βρῠ́ξωμεν | βρῠ́ξητε | βρῠ́ξωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βρῠ́ξαιμῐ | βρῠ́ξειᾰς, βρῠ́ξαις |
βρῠ́ξειε(ν), βρῠ́ξαι |
βρῠ́ξαιτον | βρῠξαίτην | βρῠ́ξαιμεν | βρῠ́ξαιτε | βρῠ́ξειᾰν, βρῠ́ξαιεν | |||||
| imperative | βρῠ́ξον | βρῠξᾰ́τω | βρῠ́ξᾰτον | βρῠξᾰ́των | βρῠ́ξᾰτε | βρῠξᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐβρῠξᾰ́μην | ἐβρῠ́ξω | ἐβρῠ́ξᾰτο | ἐβρῠ́ξᾰσθον | ἐβρῠξᾰ́σθην | ἐβρῠξᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐβρῠ́ξᾰσθε | ἐβρῠ́ξᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | βρῠ́ξωμαι | βρῠ́ξῃ | βρῠ́ξηται | βρῠ́ξησθον | βρῠ́ξησθον | βρῠξώμεθᾰ | βρῠ́ξησθε | βρῠ́ξωνται | |||||
| optative | βρῠξαίμην | βρῠ́ξαιο | βρῠ́ξαιτο | βρῠ́ξαισθον | βρῠξαίσθην | βρῠξαίμεθᾰ | βρῠ́ξαισθε | βρῠ́ξαιντο | |||||
| imperative | βρῠ́ξαι | βρῠξᾰ́σθω | βρῠ́ξᾰσθον | βρῠξᾰ́σθων | βρῠ́ξᾰσθε | βρῠξᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| passive | indicative | ἐβρύχθην | ἐβρύχθης | ἐβρύχθη | ἐβρύχθητον | ἐβρυχθήτην | ἐβρύχθημεν | ἐβρύχθητε | ἐβρύχθησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | βρυχθῶ | βρυχθῇς | βρυχθῇ | βρυχθῆτον | βρυχθῆτον | βρυχθῶμεν | βρυχθῆτε | βρυχθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βρυχθείην | βρυχθείης | βρυχθείη | βρυχθεῖτον, βρυχθείητον |
βρυχθείτην, βρυχθειήτην |
βρυχθεῖμεν, βρυχθείημεν |
βρυχθεῖτε, βρυχθείητε |
βρυχθεῖεν, βρυχθείησᾰν | |||||
| imperative | βρύχθητῐ | βρυχθήτω | βρύχθητον | βρυχθήτων | βρύχθητε | βρυχθέντων | |||||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | βρῠ́ξαι | βρῠ́ξᾰσθαι | βρυχθῆναι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | βρῠ́ξᾱς | βρῠξᾰ́μενος | βρυχθείς | |||||||||
| f | βρῠ́ξᾱσᾰ | βρῠξᾰμένη | βρυχθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
| n | βρῠ́ξᾰν | βρῠξᾰ́μενον | βρυχθέν | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: βέβρῡχᾰ
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | βέβρῡχᾰ | βέβρῡχᾰς | βέβρῡχε(ν) | βεβρῡ́χᾰτον | βεβρῡ́χᾰτον | βεβρῡ́χᾰμεν | βεβρῡ́χᾰτε | βεβρῡ́χᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | βεβρῡ́χω | βεβρῡ́χῃς | βεβρῡ́χῃ | βεβρῡ́χητον | βεβρῡ́χητον | βεβρῡ́χωμεν | βεβρῡ́χητε | βεβρῡ́χωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βεβρῡ́χοιμῐ, βεβρῡχοίην |
βεβρῡ́χοις, βεβρῡχοίης |
βεβρῡ́χοι, βεβρῡχοίη |
βεβρῡ́χοιτον | βεβρῡχοίτην | βεβρῡ́χοιμεν | βεβρῡ́χοιτε | βεβρῡ́χοιεν | |||||
| imperative | βέβρῡχε | βεβρῡχέτω | βεβρῡ́χετον | βεβρῡχέτων | βεβρῡ́χετε | βεβρῡχόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | βεβρῡχέναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | βεβρῡχώς | |||||||||||
| f | βεβρῡχυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | βεβρῡχός | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Pluperfect: ἐβεβρῡ́χειν
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐβεβρῡ́χειν, ἐβεβρῡ́χη |
ἐβεβρῡ́χεις, ἐβεβρῡ́χης |
ἐβεβρῡ́χει(ν) | ἐβεβρῡ́χετον | ἐβεβρῡχέτην | ἐβεβρῡ́χεμεν | ἐβεβρῡ́χετε | ἐβεβρῡ́χεσᾰν | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Synonyms
- τρίζω (trízō)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “βρύκω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Further reading
- “βρύκω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “βρύκω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- βρύκω in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- βρύκω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
- G1031 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible