αὐχήν

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἄμφην (ámphēn) — Aeolic

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂emǵʰ-w-eh₁-n, from *h₂énǵʰus (“narrow, tight”), and compared in particular to Old Armenian օձիք (ōjikʻ, “collar”), though this is controversial. Beekes tentatively accepts this etymology, but additionally suggests possible Pre-Greek origin;^[1] according to him, the -ήν (-ḗn) suffix renders a Pre-Greek source tentatively reconstructed as *ankʷēn.^[2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /au̯.kʰɛ̌ːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aʍˈkʰe̝n/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aɸˈçin/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /afˈçin/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /afˈçin/

Noun

αὐχήν • (aukhḗn) m (genitive αὐχένος); third declension

neck
Synonyms: δέρη (dérē), τράχηλος (trákhēlos)

Declension

Third declension of ὁ αὐχήν; τοῦ αὐχένος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ αὐχήν ho aukhḗn	τὼ αὐχένε tṑ aukhéne	οἱ αὐχένες hoi aukhénes
Genitive	τοῦ αὐχένος toû aukhénos	τοῖν αὐχένοιν toîn aukhénoin	τῶν αὐχένων tôn aukhénōn
Dative	τῷ αὐχένῐ tōî aukhénĭ	τοῖν αὐχένοιν toîn aukhénoin	τοῖς αὐχέσῐ / αὐχέσῐν toîs aukhésĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν αὐχένᾰ tòn aukhénă	τὼ αὐχένε tṑ aukhéne	τοὺς αὐχένᾰς toùs aukhénăs
Vocative	αὐχήν aukhḗn	αὐχένε aukhéne	αὐχένες aukhénes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

βῡσαύχην (būsaúkhēn)
ἐριαύχην (eriaúkhēn)

Descendants

Greek: αυχένας (afchénas)
⇒ Translingual: Glyptauchen

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “αὐχήν, -ένος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 174
^ Beekes, R. S. P. (January 2007), Pre-Greek: The Pre-Greek loans in Greek‎^[1], third version, page 5

“αὐχήν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“αὐχήν”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“αὐχήν”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
αὐχήν in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
αὐχήν in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
αὐχήν in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
“αὐχήν”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- neck idem, page 554.
- spit idem, page 802.
- throat idem, page 870.
- tongue idem, page 880.
αὐχήν, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “αὐχήν, -ένος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 174

[2] Beekes, R. S. P. (January 2007), Pre-Greek: The Pre-Greek loans in Greek‎^[1], third version, page 5

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