Χριστός

See also: Χρίστος and χριστός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A proper noun use of the substantivized adjective χρῑστός (khrīstós) (“anointed; consecrated”), employed as the Greek equivalent of semantic loan from Biblical Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (mašīaḥ) and Aramaic ܡܫܺܝܚܳܐ (m'šīḥāʿ).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰriːs.tós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kʰrisˈtos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /xrisˈtos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /xrisˈtos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /xrisˈtos/

Proper noun

Χρῑστός • (Khrīstós) m (genitive Χρῑστοῦ); second declension

Messiah or Christ, a title and later proper name applied to Jesus of Nazareth
Synonym: Μεσσῑ́ᾱς (Messī́ās)

Usage notes

This entry treats Χριστός (Khristós) as a proper noun and title, distinguished from the lower-case adjective and common noun χριστός (khristós) (“anointed; one who is anointed”). The linguistic development from adjective → substantivized noun → title is documented under χριστός (khristós).

Declension

Second declension of ὁ Χρῑστός; τοῦ Χρῑστοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ Χρῑστός ho Khrīstós	τὼ Χρῑστώ tṑ Khrīstṓ	οἱ Χρῑστοί hoi Khrīstoí
Genitive	τοῦ Χρῑστοῦ toû Khrīstoû	τοῖν Χρῑστοῖν toîn Khrīstoîn	τῶν Χρῑστῶν tôn Khrīstôn
Dative	τῷ Χρῑστῷ tōî Khrīstōî	τοῖν Χρῑστοῖν toîn Khrīstoîn	τοῖς Χρῑστοῖς toîs Khrīstoîs
Accusative	τὸν Χρῑστόν tòn Khrīstón	τὼ Χρῑστώ tṑ Khrīstṓ	τοὺς Χρῑστούς toùs Khrīstoús
Vocative	Χρῑστέ Khrīsté	Χρῑστώ Khrīstṓ	Χρῑστοί Khrīstoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Ῐ̓ησοῦς Χρῑστός (Ĭēsoûs Khrīstós)
Χρῑστῐᾱνός (Khrīstĭānós)
Χρῑστόληπτος (Khrīstólēptos)
Χρῑστόφορος (Khrīstóphoros)
☧

Descendants

Greek: Χριστός (Christós)
→ Coptic: ⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ (khristos)
→ Gothic: 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃 (xristus)
→ Latin: Chrīstus (see there for further descendants)
→⇒ Laz: ხისტონა (xisťona), ხისტრონა (xisťrona) — Atina, ხისთანა (xistana) — Lome, ხრისთინა (xristina) — Borghola, ხრისტანა (xrisťana) — Khopa
→ Old Armenian: Քրիստոս (Kʻristos)
- Armenian: Քրիստոս (Kʻristos)
→ Old Georgian: ქრისტე (krisṭe) (or from Latin)
- Georgian: ქრისტე (krisṭe)
  - → Bats: ქრისტე (krisṭe)
  - → Mingrelian: ქირსე (kirse, “Christmas; Christ”), ქრისტე (krisṭe, “Christ”)
    - → Abkhaz: Қьы́рса (Kʲə́rsa, “Christmas; Christ”)
  - → Svan: ქრისდე (krisde), ქრისტე (krisṭe)
  - → Chechen: Керста (Kersta, “Christian”)
  - → Ossetian:
    - Digor Ossetian: Киристе (Kiriste, “Christ”)
    - Iron Ossetian: Чырысти (Ḱyrysti, “Christ”)
→ Old Church Slavonic: христосъ (xristosŭ), христъ (xristŭ), хрьстосъ (xrĭstosŭ), хрьстъ (xrĭstŭ)
- Bulgarian: Христос (Hristos)
- → Carpathian Rusyn: Христо́с (Xrystós), Хрісто́с (Xristós)
  - → Pannonian Rusyn: Христос (Xristos)
- → Russian: Христо́с (Xristós)
- → Serbo-Croatian: Христос, Hristos
- → Ukrainian: Христо́с (Xrystós)
→ Proto-Slavic: *krьstъ (“baptism, cross”) (see there for further descendants)

References

Greek

Etymology

From Byzantine Greek, from Koine Greek, from Ancient Greek Χριστός (Khristós).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xɾiˈstos/

Proper noun

Χριστός • (Christós) m

(Christianity) Jesus Christ (the Messiah named Jesus)
Coordinate term: (male given name) Χρίστος (Chrístos)

Declension

Declension of **Χριστός**
	singular
nominative	Χριστός (Christós)
genitive	Χριστού (Christoú)
accusative	Χριστό (Christó)
vocative	Χριστέ (Christé)

the form Χριστόν is found

Related terms

αντιχριστιανικός (antichristianikós, “unchristian, antichristian”, adjective)
αντίχριστος (antíchristos, “not Christian”, adjective)
Αντίχριστος n (Antíchristos, “the Antichrist”)
χριστιανή f (christianí, “Christian”)
χριστιανικός (christianikós, “Christian”, adjective)
χριστιανισμός m (christianismós, “Christianity”)
χριστιανός m (christianós, “Christian”)
χριστιανοσύνη m (christianosýni, “Christendom”)

Χριστός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Usage notes

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Declension

Related terms

Further reading