Οἰδίπους

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Οἰδῐ́πος (Oidĭ́pos) — Tragic, rare
Οἰδῐπόδης (Oidĭpódēs) — Epic, Ionic
Οἰδῐπόδᾱς (Oidĭpódās) — Doric, Lyric

Etymology

Literally, “with a swollen foot”, showing the regular Caland system change */ro/ → */i/, as if from Proto-Indo-European *h₂oydros, whence also Old High German eittar (“pus”), + πούς (poús, “foot”). Compare οἰδέω (oidéō, “to swell”), from the same root.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /oi̯.dí.puːs/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /yˈdi.pus/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /yˈði.pus/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /yˈði.pus/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈði.pus/

Proper noun

Οἰδῐ́πους • (Oidĭ́pous) m (genitive Οἰδῐ́ποδος or Οἰδῐ́που, variously declined); third declension, second declension

(Greek mythology) Oedipus

Declension

Third declension of ὁ Οἰδῐ́πους; τοῦ Οἰδῐ́ποδος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ὁ Οἰδῐ́πους ho Oidĭ́pous	οἱ Οἰδῐ́ποδες hoi Oidĭ́podes
Genitive	τοῦ Οἰδῐ́ποδος toû Oidĭ́podos	τῶν Οἰδῐπόδων tôn Oidĭpódōn
Dative	τῷ Οἰδῐ́ποδῐ tōî Oidĭ́podĭ	τοῖς Οἰδῐ́ποσῐ / Οἰδῐ́ποσῐν toîs Oidĭ́posĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν Οἰδῐ́ποδᾰ tòn Oidĭ́podă	τοὺς Οἰδῐ́ποδᾰς toùs Oidĭ́podăs
Vocative	Οἰδῐ́πους Oidĭ́pous	Οἰδῐ́ποδες Oidĭ́podes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster -δς (-ds).

Second declension of ὁ Οἰδῐ́πους; τοῦ Οἰδῐ́που (Attic, Ionic, Tragic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Οἰδῐ́πους ho Oidĭ́pous
Genitive	τοῦ Οἰδῐ́που toû Oidĭ́pou
Dative	τῷ Οἰδῐ́πῳ tōî Oidĭ́pōi
Accusative	τὸν Οἰδῐ́πουν tòn Oidĭ́poun
Vocative	Οἰδῐ́που Oidĭ́pou
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First declension of Οἰδῐπόδης; Οἰδῐπόδᾱο / Οἰδῐπόδεω / Οἰδῐπόδω (Epic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	Οἰδῐπόδης Oidĭpódēs
Genitive	Οἰδῐπόδᾱο / Οἰδῐπόδεω / Οἰδῐπόδω Oidĭpódāo / Oidĭpódeō / Oidĭpódō
Dative	Οἰδῐπόδῃ Oidĭpódēi
Accusative	Οἰδῐπόδην Oidĭpódēn
Vocative	Οἰδῐπόδη Oidĭpódē
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First declension of ὁ Οἰδῐπόδης; τοῦ Οἰδῐπόδεω / Οἰδῐπόδω (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Οἰδῐπόδης ho Oidĭpódēs
Genitive	τοῦ Οἰδῐπόδεω / Οἰδῐπόδω toû Oidĭpódeō / Oidĭpódō
Dative	τῷ Οἰδῐπόδῃ tōî Oidĭpódēi
Accusative	τὸν Οἰδῐπόδην tòn Oidĭpódēn
Vocative	Οἰδῐπόδη Oidĭpódē
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First declension of ὁ Οἰδῐπόδᾱς; τοῦ Οἰδῐπόδᾱο / Οἰδῐπόδᾱ (Doric, Lyric)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Οἰδῐπόδᾱς ho Oidĭpódās
Genitive	τοῦ Οἰδῐπόδᾱο / Οἰδῐπόδᾱ toû Oidĭpódāo / Oidĭpódā
Dative	τῷ Οἰδῐπόδᾳ tōî Oidĭpódāi
Accusative	τὸν Οἰδῐπόδᾱν tòn Oidĭpódān
Vocative	Οἰδῐπόδᾱ Oidĭpódā
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

Οἰδῐπόδειᾰ (Oidĭpódeiă)
Οἰδῐποδείᾱ (Oidĭpodeíā)
Οἰδῐπόδειος (Oidĭpódeios)
Οἰδῐπόδῐᾰ (Oidĭpódĭă)
Οἰδῐποδῐ́ᾱ (Oidĭpodĭ́ā)
Οἰδῐπόδῐος (Oidĭpódĭos)

Descendants

Greek: Οιδίπους (Oidípous), Οιδίποδας (Oidípodas)
→ Latin: Oedipūs

References

“Οἰδίπους”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“Οἰδίπους”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,019
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1054