Vojenské spravodajstvo (English: Military Intelligence) is a military intelligence agency of the Slovak Republic operating under the Ministry of Defence. It was established on 1 January 2013 by merging the Vojenská spravodajská služba (VSS) and the Vojenské obranné spravodajstvo (VOS).[1]
History
History of Military Intelligence
The establishment of Military Intelligence was part of the program statement of the second government of Robert Fico from May 2012, which stated that "The government will propose the merger of military intelligence services and more effective mechanisms for controlling intelligence services and other components working with intelligence methods".[2] The National Council of Deputies approved the law on 19 September 2012 with 84 votes, and President Ivan Gašparovič signed it on 5 October 2012.[3]
Fico's cabinet also "committed to preventing the leakage of classified materials and ensuring the growth of the credibility of the secret services".[4] The merger of the services was criticized by the opposition, who believed that the merger would not bring these results. According to estimates from the Minister of Defense Martin Glváč (SMER-SD) in 2012, the unification of military intelligence should have brought up to 19% savings in 2014.[5]
On January 1, 2013, Ľubomír Skuhra, the previous director of the Military Defense Intelligence, became the first director of the Military Intelligence. His deputy is Róbert Tibenský, the Radič government's nominee for the post of director of the VSS. Ľubomír Skuhra was supposed to start his career in the criminal police, during Lex's time he worked in the SIS and was also supposed to work for the Customs Criminal Department.[6]
At the end of April 2021, the Ministry of Defense announced that it was preparing an amendment that would allow the Military Intelligence to "perform its tasks more effectively". The comment procedure should be in July or August 2021.[7]
References
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Foreign intelligence | |
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Domestic intelligence |
- Afghanistan: GDI
- Algeria: CSS
- Angola: SINSE
- Argentina: SIDE
- Armenia: NSS
- Australia: ASIO
- Austria: DSN
- Azerbaijan: DTX
- Bangladesh: SB
- Belarus: KGB RB
- Belgium: VS/SE
- Bosnia and Herzegovina: SIPA
- Botswana: DIS
- Brazil: PF
- Brunei: IRD
- Bulgaria: DANS
- Burundi: SNR
- Canada: CSIS
- Chad: DGSSIE
- Chile: ANI
- China: MSS
- Colombia: DNI
- Congo (Democratic Republic of): ANR
- Croatia: SOA
- Czech Republic: BIS
- Denmark: PET
- Egypt: NSA
- Estonia: KAPO
- Finland: SUPO
- France: DGSI
- Georgia: SSSG
- Germany: BfV, LfV
- Ghana: GPS, CID
- Greece: EYP
- Hong Kong: NSD, CPGNSO
- Hungary: AH
- India: IB
- Indonesia: Baintelkam Polri (id), BIN
- Iran: VAJA, IRGC, PAVA
- Ireland: CSB, SDU, NSU
- Israel: Shin Bet
- Italy: AISI
- Japan: NPA, TMPD PSB, PSIA
- Kazakhstan: NSC
- Kenya: NIS
- Kosovo: AKI
- Latvia: VDD
- Lithuania: STT
- Lebanon: ISF IB, LSS
- Luxembourg: SREL
- Macau: DS
- Malaysia: SB
- Moldova: SIS
- Morocco: DGST
- Netherlands: NCTV
- New Zealand: NZSIS
- Nigeria: SSS
- North Korea: SSD
- North Macedonia: IA
- Norway: PST
- Oman: ISS
- Pakistan: IB, FIA
- Palestine: PPS
- Paraguay: SNI
- Peru: DINI
- Philippines: NBI, NICA
- Poland: ABW, SOP, SM
- Portugal: SIS
- Romania: SRI
- Russia: FSB
- Saudi Arabia: Mabahith
- Serbia: BIA
- Singapore: ISD
- Somalia: NISA
- South Africa: SSA
- South Korea: Intelligence Bureau, KNPA
- Spain: CITCO
- Sri Lanka: SIS
- Sweden: SÄPO
- Switzerland: NDB
- Syria: GIS
- Taiwan: MJIB
- Thailand: ISOC, SB
- Togo: ANR
- Turkey: MİT, İB
- Uganda: ISO
- Ukraine: SBU
- United Kingdom: Security Service (MI5), NDEDIU, NCA, NBIS
- United States: I&A (DHS), ID (HSI), IB (FBI), ONSI (DEA), OSII (ATF)
- Uzbekistan: SNB
- Venezuela: SEBIN
- Vietnam: TC5 (vi)
- Zimbabwe: CIO
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Military intelligence |
- Algeria: DCSA
- Angola: SIM
- Australia: DIO
- Austria: HNaA
- Bangladesh: DGFI
- Belarus: GRU MO RB
- Belgium: ADIV/SGRS
- Brazil: DIE
- Canada: CFINTCOM
- Chad: DGSSIE
- China: CMC JSD Intelligence Bureau
- Congo (Democratic Republic of): DEMIAP
- Croatia: VSOA
- Cuba: DCIM
- Czech Republic: VZ
- Denmark: FE
- Egypt: DMISR
- Finland: PE TIEDOS
- France: DRM, DGSE
- Germany: MAD
- Ghana: MIU
- Hungary: KNBSZ
- Iran: General Staff, SAHEFAJA, SAHEFASA, SAHEFAVEDJA
- India: DMI, DIA
- Indonesia: BAIS TNI, Pusintelad
- Ireland: IMIS
- Israel: Aman
- Italy: CII
- Japan: DIH
- Kazakhstan: NSC
- Lithuania: AOTD
- Malaysia: DIO
- Maldives: MNDF
- Morocco: DB
- Myanmar: Sa Ya Pa
- Netherlands: MIVD
- New Zealand: DDIS
- Nigeria: DIA
- North Korea: RGB
- North Macedonia: MSSI
- Norway: E-tjenesten
- Pakistan: MI, NI, AI
- Palestine: MIS
- Philippines: ISAFP
- Poland: SKW, SWW
- Portugal: CISMIL
- Romania: DGIA
- Russia: GRU
- Saudi Arabia: AFISC
- Serbia: VBA, VOA
- Singapore: MIO
- Slovakia: VS
- Slovenia: OVS
- South Africa: SANDF-ID
- South Korea: DIA, DCC
- Spain: CIFAS
- Sri Lanka: DMI
- Sweden: MUST
- Switzerland: MND, LWND
- Syria: MI, AFID
- Taiwan: MIB
- Thailand: AFSC
- Turkey: GENKUR İ.D.B.
- Ukraine: HUR MO
- United Kingdom: DI
- United States: DIA
- Venezuela: DGCIM
- Vietnam: TC2
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Signals intelligence |
- Australia: ASD
- Bangladesh: NTMC
- Brazil: 2ª Sch/EMD
- Canada: CSE
- China: SIGINT
- Croatia: OTC
- Ethiopia: INSA
- Finland: PVTIEDL
- France: DGSE, DRSD
- Germany: BND
- Ghana: RDU
- India: JCB, NTRO
- Indonesia: BSSN (id)
- Ireland: CIS
- Israel: 8200
- Japan: DIH
- Kazakhstan: NSC
- Netherlands: NSO, JSCU
- New Zealand: GCSB
- North Korea: RGB
- Norway: NSM
- Pakistan: JSIB
- Poland: AW, ABW, SKW, SWW, NCBC, gOR 3.FO, CRiWWRE, 2.ORel, 6.ORel, JW NIL
- Romania: STS
- Russia: Spetssvyaz
- Saudi Arabia: PSS
- South Africa: SSA
- Spain: CCN
- Sweden: FRA
- Switzerland: NDB
- Syria: MI
- Turkey: MİT-SİB
- UAE: SIA
- Ukraine: Derzhspetszviazok
- United Kingdom: GCHQ
- United States: NSA
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Imagery intelligence | |
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Financial intelligence | |
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Criminal intelligence |
- Argentina: DNIC
- Australia: ACIC
- Bangladesh: CID
- Canada: CISC
- Finland: NBI
- India: CBI
- Indonesia: Baintelkam Polri (id)
- Italy: DIA, DIGOS
- Philippines: NBI, PNP-IG
- Poland: BWiIK KGP, CBŚP, ZOŚ KGSG, ZK KGŻW
- Romania: DGPI
- South Africa: Crime Intelligence Division
- Spain: CGI, SIGC, CGPJ, UCO
- United Kingdom: NCA
- United States: IB (FBI), ONSI (DEA), OSII (ATF), ID (HSI)
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Intelligence community | |
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Intelligence alliances | |
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Defunct agencies |
- British Raj: Indian Civil Service (Indian Imperial Police, Indian Political Intelligence Office)
- Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge: Santebal
- Confederate States of America: Confederate Secret Service
- Dutch East Indies: Politieke Inlichtingendienst, Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service
- Fascist Italy: OVRA
- Gaddafi Libya: Mukhabarat el-Jamahiriya
- Imperial Japan: Battotai, Tokko
- Kingdom of France: Cabinet noir, Secret du Roi
- Ming Dynasty: Embroidered Uniform Guard, Eastern Depot, Western Depot, Internal Depot
- Ottoman Empire: Yıldız Intelligence Agency, Special Organisation, Umur-u Hafiye
- Pahlavi Iran: SAVAK, Second Bureau of Imperial Iranian Army
- Prussia: Prussian Secret Police
- Republic of China: NBIS
- Roman and Byzantine Empires: Frumentarii, Agentes in rebus, Bureau of Barbarians
- Tsardom and Empire of Russia: Oprichniki, Okhrana, Special Chancellery, Third Section of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery
- Nazi Germany: Gestapo, Sicherheitsdienst
- Soviet Union: NKVD, KGB
- United Kingdom: DMI
- United States: Office of Strategic Services
- Wang Jingwei regime: Jessfield 76
- Yugoslavia: KOS
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Related topics | |
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- Border guard
- Coast guard
- Customs
- Law enforcement agency
- Intelligence agency
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